HEALTH-related quality of life (HRQL) is increasingly used as an outcome in clinical trials, effectiveness research, and research on quality of care. Factors that have facilitated this increased usage include the accumulating evidence that measures of HRQL are valid and "reliable,"1the publication of several large clinical trials showing that these outcome measures are responsive to important clinical changes,2-5and the successful development and testing of shorter instruments that are easier to understand and administer.6-13Because these measures describe or characterize what the patient has experienced as the result of medical care, they are useful and important supplements to traditional physiological or biological measures of health status. Given this improved ability to assess patients' health status, how can physicians and health care systems intervene to improve HRQL? Implicit in the use of measures of HRQL in clinical trials and in effectiveness research is the concept that clinical

Linking clinical variables with health-related quality of life. A conceptual model of patient outcomes

Simulated gastro-intestinal digestion is widely employed in many fields of food and nutritional sciences, as conducting human trials are often costly, resource intensive, and ethically disputable. As a consequence, in vitro alternatives that determine endpoints such as the bioaccessibility of nutrients and non-nutrients or the digestibility of macronutrients (e.g. lipids, proteins and carbohydrates) are used for screening and building new hypotheses. Various digestion models have been proposed, often impeding the possibility to compare results across research teams. For example, a large variety of enzymes from different sources such as of porcine, rabbit or human origin have been used, differing in their activity and characterization. Differences in pH, mineral type, ionic strength and digestion time, which alter enzyme activity and other phenomena, may also considerably alter results. Other parameters such as the presence of phospholipids, individual enzymes such as gastric lipase and digestive emulsifiers vs. their mixtures (e.g. pancreatin and bile salts), and the ratio of food bolus to digestive fluids, have also been discussed at length. In the present consensus paper, within the COST Infogest network, we propose a general standardised and practical static digestion method based on physiologically relevant conditions that can be applied for various endpoints, which may be amended to accommodate further specific requirements. A frameset of parameters including the oral, gastric and small intestinal digestion are outlined and their relevance discussed in relation to available in vivo data and enzymes. This consensus paper will give a detailed protocol and a line-by-line, guidance, recommendations and justifications but also limitation of the proposed model. This harmonised static, in vitro digestion method for food should aid the production of more comparable data in the future.

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A standardised static in vitro digestion method suitable for food – an international consensus

A review of central 5-HT receptors and their function

https://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085(06)00508-7/pdf

Functional gastroduodenal disorders

https://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085(16)00181-5/pdf

Childhood Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: Child/Adolescent

M1209 Reduced Stool Frequency Does Not Predict Colonic and Whole Gut Transit in Constipated Patients

Introduction: Gastroparesis (GP) is characterized by delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical obstruction About 75% of GP patients are females Diabetes and idiopathic are the two com

Metoclopramide nasal spray for management of symptoms of acute and recurrent diabetic gastroparesis in adults.

Significant hemorrhage as a complication of hydraulic suction biopsy of the esophagus.

T2081 Bristol Stool Form in Slow Transit Constipation Correlates Inversely With Regional Colon Contractile Activity Measured by a Wireless Motility Capsule

Richard W. McCallum

Papers

M1209 Reduced Stool Frequency Does Not Predict Colonic and Whole Gut Transit in Constipated Patients

Metoclopramide nasal spray for management of symptoms of acute and recurrent diabetic gastroparesis in adults.

Significant hemorrhage as a complication of hydraulic suction biopsy of the esophagus.

T2081 Bristol Stool Form in Slow Transit Constipation Correlates Inversely With Regional Colon Contractile Activity Measured by a Wireless Motility Capsule

Is Rifaximin Effective Treatment for Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth?: 293