Progress and recent trends in biodiesel fuels

Effect of biodiesel fuels on diesel engine emissions

As a renewable, sustainable and alternative fuel for compression ignition engines, biodiesel instead of diesel has been increasingly fueled to study its effects on engine performances and emissions in the recent 10 years. But these studies have been rarely reviewed to favor understanding and popularization for biodiesel so far. In this work, reports about biodiesel engine performances and emissions, published by highly rated journals in scientific indexes, were cited preferentially since 2000 year. From these reports, the effect of biodiesel on engine power, economy, durability and emissions including regulated and non-regulated emissions, and the corresponding effect factors are surveyed and analyzed in detail. The use of biodiesel leads to the substantial reduction in PM, HC and CO emissions accompanying with the imperceptible power loss, the increase in fuel consumption and the increase in NOx emission on conventional diesel engines with no or fewer modification. And it favors to reduce carbon deposit and wear of the key engine parts. Therefore, the blends of biodiesel with small content in place of petroleum diesel can help in controlling air pollution and easing the pressure on scarce resources without significantly sacrificing engine power and economy. However, many further researches about optimization and modification on engine, low temperature performances of engine, new instrumentation and methodology for measurements, etc., should be performed when petroleum diesel is substituted completely by biodiesel.

http://www.abe-research.illinois.edu/pubs/T_Grift/EffectOfBiodieselOnEnginePerformancesAndEmissions.pdf

Effect of biodiesel on engine performances and emissions

Effects of biodiesel on a DI diesel engine performance, emission and combustion characteristics

The continuous increasing demand for energy and the diminishing tendency of petroleum resources has led to the search for alternative renewable and sustainable fuel. Biodiesel is best substitute for petro-diesel and also most advantageous over petro-diesel for its environmental friendliness. The quality of biodiesel fuel was found to be significant for its successful use on compression ignition engines and subsequent replacement of non-renewable fossil fuels. Conventional biodiesel separation and purification technologies were noticed to yield lower quality biodiesel fuel with resultant excessive energy and water consumptions. Membrane technology showed more potential for effective and efficient separation and purification of biodiesel. This technology need be explored for the attainment of better quality biodiesel fuels. This paper reviews the technologies used for the biodiesel separation and purification, biodiesel quality, and its effects on diesel engines. Biodiesel biodegradability, lubricity, stability, economic importance, and gaseous emissions have been discussed.

http://maghaleh2012.persiangig.com/document/amin/up2.pdf

High quality biodiesel and its diesel engine application: A review

This study is devoted to determining performance characteristics of biodiesel as a diesel engine fuel. An engine performance test using sunflower methyl esters exhibited characteristics very similar to regular diesel. The test values obtained from a 2.5 lt. 4 cylinder Peugeot XD3p157 engine shows that torque values obtained by the two types of fuels are 5%–10% in favor of regular diesel. Obviously, power values will be the engine revolutions times this percentage with regular diesel. Specific fuel consumption, however, is better with biodiesel. This means that a better combustion characteristic is achieved with biodiesel, which compensates for its lower calorific value. Soot emissions are slightly less with biodiesel, as expected, due to the improvement in specific fuel consumption.

Performance Characteristics of Sunflower Methyl Esters as Biodiesel

In this study, use of sunflower oil methyl ester as an alternative fuel in a 4 stroke turbo diesel engine with 4 cylinders, direct injection, and 55 kW power was analyzed The engine has been fueled by diesel fuel and biodiesel (B100) obtained from methyl ester of sunflower oil and by running the test engine with 14 different speeds and full load, the results have been analyzed Smoke emissions obtained in biodiesel use were slightly less, which could be attributed to better combustion efficiency Also, HC and CO emissions of biodiesel were found to be lower Results of this study show that performance values of sunflower oil methyl ester are similar to those of diesel fuel It can be concluded that biodiesel's exhaust emissions are lower than diesel fuels, which indicates that biodiesel has more favorable effects on air quality

Emission Characteristics of Sunflower Oil Methyl Ester

In this study, the use of waste cooking oil (WCO) methyl ester as an alternative fuel in a four-stroke turbo diesel engine with four cylinders, direct injection and 85 HP was analyzed. A test was applied in which an engine was fueled with diesel and three different blends of diesel/biodiesel (B25, B50 and B75) made from WCO. The test engine was run at 18 different speeds with a full load, and the results were analyzed. The biodiesel fuels produced slightly less smoke than the conventional diesel fuel, which could be attributed to better combustion efficiency. The use of biodiesel resulted in lower emissions of total hydrocarbon (THC) and CO, and increased emissions of NO x . This study showed that the exhaust emissions of diesel/biodiesel blends were lower than those of the diesel fuels, which indicates that biodiesel has more favorable effects on air quality. Key words: Alternative fuels, biodiesel.

/pdf/emission-characteristics-of-a-diesel-engine-using-waste-4ips6qcmwb.pdf

Emission characteristics of a diesel engine using waste cooking oil as biodiesel fuel

Investigation of performance and emission characteristics of waste cooking oil as biodiesel in a diesel engine

This study was based on two essential factors concerning biodiesel obtained from waste cooking oil: its engine exhaust emissions and its potential in light of general governmental policies on environmentally friendly alternative fuels in Turkey. The emission study was conducted with a 35.8 kW, 4-cylinder, 4-stroke, direct injection diesel tractor engine. Test results of five different blends of biodiesel produced from waste cooking oil were compared with European nonroad emission standards for diesel fuel. The results of the experimental study showed that the best blends were B10 and B20, which exhibited the lowest emission levels. The other dimensions of the study included an analysis of the potential of waste cooking oil as diesel fuel, with reference to fuel price policies applied in the past and proposed future policies on these same issues. The findings were presented and recommendations were given for the provision of waste cooking oil recycling via its use as an alternative fuel.

Ridvan Arslan

Papers

Performance Characteristics of Sunflower Methyl Esters as Biodiesel

Emission Characteristics of Sunflower Oil Methyl Ester

Emission characteristics of a diesel engine using waste cooking oil as biodiesel fuel

Investigation of performance and emission characteristics of waste cooking oil as biodiesel in a diesel engine

Utilization of waste cooking oil as an alternative fuel for Turkey