Preface to the Princeton Landmarks in Biology Edition vii Preface xi Symbols Used xiii 1. The Importance of Islands 3 2. Area and Number of Speicies 8 3. Further Explanations of the Area-Diversity Pattern 19 4. The Strategy of Colonization 68 5. Invasibility and the Variable Niche 94 6. Stepping Stones and Biotic Exchange 123 7. Evolutionary Changes Following Colonization 145 8. Prospect 181 Glossary 185 References 193 Index 201

The Theory of Island Biogeography

We redescribe the only previously known species of Myrsidea from bulbuls, M. pycnonoti Eichler. Sixteen new species are described; they and their type hosts are: M. phillipsi ex Pycnonotus goiavier goiavier (Scopoli), M. gieferi ex P. goiavier suluensis Mearns, M. kulpai ex P. flavescens Blyth, M. finlaysoni ex P. finlaysoni Strickland, M. kathleenae ex P. cafer (L.), M. warwicki ex Ixos philippinus (J. R. Forster), M. mcclurei ex Microscelis amaurotis (Temminck), M. zeylanici ex P. zeylanicus (Gmelin), M. plumosi ex P. plumosus Blyth, M. eutiloti ex P. eutilotus (Jardine and Selby), M. adamsae ex P. urostictus (Salvadori), M. ochracei ex Criniger ochraceus F. Moore, M. borbonici ex Hypsipetes borbonicus (J. R. Forster), M. johnsoni ex P. atriceps (Temminck), M. palmai ex C. ochraceus, and M. claytoni ex P. eutilotus. A key is provided for the identification of these 17 species.

A new species

Advanced Statistical Methods in Biometric Research.

Walker's Mammals of the World, 4th Edition, Ronald M. Nowak, John L. Paradiso. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland (1983), 1xi, +1-568 (Vol. I), xxv+569-1362 (Vol. II). Price $65.00

Downloading the book in this website lists can give you more advantages. It will show you the best book collections and completed collections. So many books can be found in this website. So, this is not only this manual of acarology. However, this book is referred to read because it is an inspiring book to give you more chance to get experiences and also thoughts. This is simple, read the soft file of the book and you get it.

/pdf/a-manual-of-acarology-4m4uaffrik.pdf

A Manual of Acarology

Systematists often attempt to avoid the problem of correlated characters by estab- lishing an arbitrary number of variables that must be significant before groups are considered distinct. The appropriateness of this approach has not been evaluated empirically in the bio- logical literature. We analyzed morphometric data for 27 species of bats from the Brazilian Northeast. Twenty-two mensural characters (12 cranial, 10 external) were analyzed for interlo- cality and secondary sexual variation in each species using ANOVA and MANOVA. The uni- variate and multivariate analyses showed little correspondence; no predictable relationship between the number of characters exhibiting significance for a particular treatment effect in the univariate analyses and the significance level for that treatment in the multivariate analysis was discernible. Small sample sizes or disparate sample sizes do not contribute to this phenomenon. Results ranged from: 11 of 12 characters significant using ANOVA and nonsignificance in the MANOVA; to no character significant using the ANOVA with significance in the multivariate analysis. Because MANOVA utilizes rather than ignores correlations among characters, it is the correct statistical test for evaluating overall group differences. We show that even conselvative interpretations of the univariate results can lead to erroneous systematic conclusions. (Morpho- metric variation; MANOVA; multivariate statistics; ANOVA; univariate statistics; natural pop- ulations; Chiroptera; bats; Brazil.)

/pdf/assessment-of-morphometric-variation-in-natural-populations-t32jre1t7b.pdf

Assessment of morphometric variation in natural populations: the inadequacy of the univariate approach

servatism. Studies of protein divergence, while in agreement with traditional interpretations of afnnities between the alligators and caimans, suggest that the true and false gharials are more closely related to each other than to other crocodilians and that the true crocodiles are all very close relatives that may have diverged recently. Preliminary analyses from an ongoing study of restriction endonuclease analysis of crocodilian mitochondrial and ribosomal DNAs corroborate both of these observations, suggesting that the molecular approach will be very valuable for resolving crocodilian phylogeny.

Molecular Systematics of the Order Crocodilia

Qualitative and quantitative variation in morphology was assessed for 6 species of Myotis from South America to determine which taxa occur in Paraguay, characteristics that allow for their discrimination, and the degree of geographic and secondary sexual variation that occurs in Paraguayan forms. Secondary sexual dimorphism and geographic variation were evaluated from univariate and multivariate perspectives. Multivariate morphometric differences in cranial morphology among taxa, independent of size, and mensural characters that best separate species were determined using principal components analysis followed by size-adjusted discriminant function analysis. Five species, M. albescens, M. nigricans, M. riparius, M. ruber, and M. simus, occur in Paraguay and can be distinguished using combinations of cranial and external characteristics. No significant sexual dimorphism or geographic variation was detected in these taxa of Myotis in Paraguay. M. levis has not been recorded for Paraguay as previously reported, but it may occur in the country. M. simus, a species previously considered to be restricted to the Amazon Basin, occurs as far south as Paraguay and northern Argentina. Although M. simus varies significantly in size across its range, highly differentiated cranial and external morphology allows for recognition of this species across its range.

/pdf/taxonomic-status-of-myotis-chiroptera-vespertilionidae-in-46efo9gto8.pdf

Taxonomic status of myotis (chiroptera: vespertilionidae) in paraguay

Following an outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in the Paraguayan Chaco in 1995, Calomys laucha was identified as the rodent host for the hantavirus associated with these cases. To explore the possibility of additional hantaviruses in Paraguay, we collected 636 mammals from 10 of the 17 departments. Plasma from 27 animals in Alto Paraguay and Boquer6n in the Chaco and Neembucu and Itapua in the eastern region had antibody to Andes virus antigens. Of these 27, five individuals (among four species) were positive for hantavirus RNA. Sera were collected from indigenous people in eastern Paraguay to ascertain whether persons were being infected with hantavirus outside of the Chaco. Seventeen percent were antibody-positive. These results suggest that several different hantaviruses are co-circulating in Paraguay, and that HPS cases occurring in eastern Paraguay may result from exposure to hantaviruses that are distinct from those in the Chaco.

/pdf/the-complex-ecology-of-hantavirus-in-paraguay-36589spjeu.pdf

The complex ecology of hantavirus in Paraguay.

Aims Hantaviruses are zoonotic, aetiological agents maintained by rodents of the family Muridae. The occurrence of hantavirus in rodent hosts has been correlated to a number of climatic and environmental factors, including landscape structure. To date, most of these correlative studies have been conducted at moderate to fine spatial resolution. Our aim is to determine whether land cover classes defined at a mapping resolution of 1 km 2 are associated with rodents with antibodies to hantavirus in Paraguay. Location The Republic of Paraguay. Methods A total of 362 rodents from 10 species known to host hantaviruses were tested for the presence of hantavirus antibodies, resulting in 27 seropositive individuals. This data base was then combined with a map of six land cover types derived from coarse resolution remote sensing data to create a series of contingency tables, which were used to relate serostatus to land cover type using nonparametric tests of proportions and qualitative comparison of observed and expected values. Results There was a significant difference in habitat association between seropositive and seronegative rodents when species were pooled. Seropositive rodents were found with disproportionately high frequency in areas where human disturbance in the form of intensive and mosaic agricultural landscapes was present. Main conclusions Human-disturbed land cover classes have a detectable relationship to the hantavirus serostatus of host population rodents when observed at coarse spatial resolutions. Although coarse-grained analysis does not lead to any conclusions as to why agricultural land cover is more likely to harbour seropositive rodents, the relationship between them could form the basis for a monitoring system designed to relate land cover change to potential viral outbreaks in rodents and humans.

/pdf/land-cover-associated-with-hantavirus-presence-in-paraguay-5fvt0fktkv.pdf

Robert D. Owen

Papers

Assessment of morphometric variation in natural populations: the inadequacy of the univariate approach

Molecular Systematics of the Order Crocodilia

Taxonomic status of myotis (chiroptera: vespertilionidae) in paraguay

The complex ecology of hantavirus in Paraguay.

Land cover associated with hantavirus presence in Paraguay