Preface 1 Basics and history of discovery of atmospheric chemicals 2 The Sun, the Earth, and the evolution of the Earth's atmosphere 3 Structure and composition of the present-day atmosphere 4 Urban air pollution 5 Aerosol particles in smog and the global environment 6 Effects of meteorology on air pollution 7 Effects of pollution on visibility, UV radiation, and atmosphere optics 8 International regulation of urban smog since the 1940s 9 Indoor air pollution 10 Acid deposition 11 Global stratospheric ozone reduction 12 The greenhouse effect and global warming Conversions and constants References Index

Atmospheric Pollution: History, Science, and Regulation

The capture of carbon dioxide by membrane gas separation has been identified as one potential solution to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In particular, the application of membranes to CO2 capture from both pre‐ and post‐combustion strategies is of interest. For membrane technology to become commercially viable in CO2 capture, a number of factors need to be overcome, one being the role of minor components in the process on membrane performance. This review considers the effects of minor components in both pre‐ and post‐combustion use of polymeric membranes for CO2 capture. In particular, gases such as SOx, NOx, CO, H2S, NH3, as well as condensable water and hydrocarbons are reviewed in terms of their permeability through polymeric membranes relative to CO2, as well as their plasticization and aging effects on membrane separation performance. A major conclusion of the review is that while many minor components can affect performance both through competitive sorption and plasticization, much rema...

Effects of Minor Components in Carbon Dioxide Capture Using Polymeric Gas Separation Membranes

Mercury contamination in water has been an issue to the environment and human health. In this article, mercury in marine and oceanic waters has been reviewed. In the aquatic environment, mercury occurs in many forms, which depend on the oxidation-reduction conditions. These forms have been briefly described in this article. Mercury concentrations in marine waters in the different parts of the world have been presented. In the relevant literature, two models describing the fate and behavior of mercury in saltwater reservoirs have been presented, a conceptual model which treats all the oceans as one ocean and the “ocean margin” model, providing that the ocean margins manifested themselves as the convergence of continents and oceans, covering such geological features, such as estuaries, inland seas, and the continental shelf. These two conceptual models have been summarized in the text. The mercury content in benthic sediments usually reflects is level in the water reservoir, particularly in reservoirs situated in contaminated areas (mines, metallurgical plants, chemically protected crops). The concentrations of mercury and its compounds determined in the sediments in surface waters in the different parts of the world have been presented. Due to the fact that the pollution caused by mercury is a serious threat for the marine environment, the short paragraph about mercury bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms has been included. The cited data demonstrated a large scatter of mercury contents both between the fish species and the water areas. Mathematical models, valuable tools which provide information about the possible responses of ecosystems, developed to simulate mercury emissions, both at a small scale, for local water reservoirs, and at a global scale, as well as to model mercury bioaccumulation in the chain web of aquatic systems have been described.

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Mercury in Marine and Oceanic Waters—a Review

Vertebrates aim their noses at regions of interest and sniff in order to acquire olfactory trace signals that carry information on food, reproduction, kinship, danger, etc. Invertebrates likewise position antennae in the surrounding fluid to acquire such signals. Some of the fluid dynamics of these natural sensing processes has been examined piecemeal, but the overall topic of sniffing is not well investigated or understood. It is, however, important for several human purposes, especially sampling schemes for sensors to detect chemical and biological traces in the environment. After establishing some background, a general appraisal is given of nature’s accomplishments in the fluid dynamics of sniffing. Opportunities are found for innovation through biomimicry. Since few artificial (“electronic”) noses can currently sniff in the natural sense, ways are considered to help them sniff effectively. Security issues such as explosive trace detection, landmine detection, chemical and biological sniffing, and people sampling are examined. Other sniffing applications including medical diagnosis and leak detection are also considered. Several research opportunities are identified in order to advance this topic of biofluid dynamics. Though written from a fluid dynamics perspective, this review is intended for a broad audience.

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Sniffers: Fluid-Dynamic Sampling for Olfactory Trace Detection in Nature and Homeland Security—The 2004 Freeman Scholar Lecture

Ten questions concerning occupant health in buildings during normal operations and extreme events including the COVID-19 pandemic

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Sources and Control of Air Pollution

Contents
Preface -- Contents -- Nomenclature -- Introduction -- The Respiratory System -- Design Criteria -- Estimation of Pollutant Emission Rates -- General Ventilation and the Well-Mixed Model -- Present Local Ventilation Practice -- Ideal Flow -- Motion of Particles -- Removing Particles from a Gas Stream -- Application of CFD to Indoor Air Quality -- Appendices -- References -- Index.

Other Notes
Written by experts, Indoor Air Quality Engineering offers practical strategies to construct, test, modify, and renovate industrial structures and processes to minimize and inhibit contaminant formation, distribution, and accumulation. The authors analyze the chemical and physical phenomena affecting contaminant generation to optimize system function and design, improve human health and safety, and reduce odors, fumes, particles, gases, and toxins within a variety of interior environments. The book includes applications in Microsoft Excel®, Mathcad®, and Fluent® for analysis of contaminant concentration in various flow fields and air pollution control devices.

Indoor Air Quality Engineering: Environmental Health and Control of Indoor Pollutants

Indoor air quality engineering , Indoor air quality engineering , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز

Robert Jennings Heinsohn

Papers

Sources and Control of Air Pollution

Indoor Air Quality Engineering: Environmental Health and Control of Indoor Pollutants

Indoor air quality engineering

Present Local Ventilation Practice