Ionic liquids are salts that are liquid at low temperature (<100 degrees C) which represent a new class of solvents with nonmolecular, ionic character. Even though the first representative has been known since 1914, ionic liquids have only been investigated as solvents for transition metal catalysis in the past ten years. Publications to date show that replacing an organic solvent by an ionic liquid can lead to remarkable improvements in well-known processes. Ionic liquids form biphasic systems with many organic product mixtures. This gives rise to the possibility of a multiphase reaction procedure with easy isolation and recovery of homogeneous catalysts. In addition, ionic liquids have practically no vapor pressure which facilitates product separation by distillation. There are also indications that switching from a normal organic solvent to an ionic liquid can lead to novel and unusual chemical reactivity. This opens up a wide field for future investigations into this new class of solvents in catalytic applications.

Ionic Liquids-New "Solutions" for Transition Metal Catalysis.

Characterization and comparison of hydrophilic and hydrophobic room temperature ionic liquids incorporating the imidazolium cation

http://yaghi.berkeley.edu/pdfPublications/04MOFs.pdf

Metal-organic frameworks: a new class of porous materials

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is broadly recognised as having the potential to play a key role in meeting climate change targets, delivering low carbon heat and power, decarbonising industry and, more recently, its ability to facilitate the net removal of CO2 from the atmosphere. However, despite this broad consensus and its technical maturity, CCS has not yet been deployed on a scale commensurate with the ambitions articulated a decade ago. Thus, in this paper we review the current state-of-the-art of CO2 capture, transport, utilisation and storage from a multi-scale perspective, moving from the global to molecular scales. In light of the COP21 commitments to limit warming to less than 2 °C, we extend the remit of this study to include the key negative emissions technologies (NETs) of bioenergy with CCS (BECCS), and direct air capture (DAC). Cognisant of the non-technical barriers to deploying CCS, we reflect on recent experience from the UK's CCS commercialisation programme and consider the commercial and political barriers to the large-scale deployment of CCS. In all areas, we focus on identifying and clearly articulating the key research challenges that could usefully be addressed in the coming decade.

/pdf/carbon-capture-and-storage-ccs-the-way-forward-11rgsqyer0.pdf

Carbon capture and storage (CCS): the way forward

Polycatenation, polythreading and polyknotting in coordination network chemistry

Addition of 2,3-dihydro-5-furanyllithium to diisopropyl squarate as a means for the rapid generation of structurally complex oxygen-containing tetraquinane networks

Accessibility of 17-Electron Structures for Cyclopentadienylchromium(III) Compounds. 1. Experimental Studies on the Dichloride and Dimethyl Compounds

Separation factor values for pairs of alkali metal cations determined in competitive solvent extractions of alkali metal picrates from aqueous solutions into chloroform by a variety of benzo- and cyclohexano-group-containing crown ethers vary significantly from extrapolations based upon the results of single-species extraction experiments For almost all of the crown ether−alkali metal cation combinations examined, the separation factor values are greater for competitive solvent extraction In view of the unexpected results for sodium picrate extraction by dibenzo-24-crown-8, the solid-state structure of the isolated complex was determined

Extraction Selectivities of Crown Ethers for Alkali Metal Cations: Differences between Single-Species and Competitive Solvent Extractions

Genuine heterocycles from the acid-induced cyclization of (silylamino)(imino)(chalcogeno)phosphoranes and as a result of chloride ion abstraction from bis[bis(trimethylsilyl)amino]thiophosphoryl chloride

Robin D. Rogers

Papers

Addition of 2,3-dihydro-5-furanyllithium to diisopropyl squarate as a means for the rapid generation of structurally complex oxygen-containing tetraquinane networks

Accessibility of 17-Electron Structures for Cyclopentadienylchromium(III) Compounds. 1. Experimental Studies on the Dichloride and Dimethyl Compounds

Extraction Selectivities of Crown Ethers for Alkali Metal Cations: Differences between Single-Species and Competitive Solvent Extractions

Genuine heterocycles from the acid-induced cyclization of (silylamino)(imino)(chalcogeno)phosphoranes and as a result of chloride ion abstraction from bis[bis(trimethylsilyl)amino]thiophosphoryl chloride

Organotransition metal compounds for photonics : syntheses and structures of a series of (nitrostilbene)chromium tricarbonyl complexes