Fatty acid profiles of seed oils of 75 plant species having 30% or more fixed oil in their seed/kernel were examined. Saponification number (SN), iodine value (IV) and cetane number (CN) of fatty acid methyl esters of oils were empirically determined and they varied from 169.2 to 312.5, 4.8 to 212 and 20.56 to 67.47, respectively. Fatty acid compositions, IV and CN were used to predict the quality of fatty acid methyl esters of oil for use as biodiesel. Fatty acid methyl ester of oils of 26 species including Azadirachta indica, Calophyllum inophyllum, Jatropha curcas and Pongamia pinnata were found most suitable for use as biodiesel and they meet the major specification of biodiesel standards of USA, Germany and European Standard Organization. The fatty acid methyl esters of another 11 species meet the specification of biodiesel standard of USA only. These selected plants have great potential for biodiesel.

Prospects and potential of fatty acid methyl esters of some non-traditional seed oils for use as biodiesel in India

https://chemistry.mdma.ch/hiveboard/rhodium/pdf/piper.phytochemistry.pdf

Phytochemistry of the genus Piper

The effects of topically applied curcumin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and ferulic acid on 12- O -tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced epidermal ornithine decarboxylase activity, epidermal DNA synthesis, and the promotion of skin tumors were evaluated in female CD-1 mice. Topical application of 0.5, 1, 3, or 10 µmol of curcumin inhibited by 31, 46, 84, or 98%, respectively, the induction of epidermal ornithine decarboxylase activity by 5 nmol of TPA. In an additional study, the topical application of 10 µmol of curcumin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, or ferulic acid inhibited by 91, 25, 42, or 46%, respectively, the induction of ornithine decarboxylase activity by 5 nmol of TPA. The topical application of 10 µmol of curcumin together with 2 or 5 nmol of TPA inhibited the TPA-dependent stimulation of the incorporation of [ 3 H]-thymidine into epidermal DNA by 49 or 29%, respectively, whereas lower doses of curcumin had little or no effect. Chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and ferulic acid were less effective than curcumin as inhibitors of the TPA-dependent stimulation of DNA synthesis. Topical application of 1, 3, or 10 µmol of curcumin together with 5 nmol of TPA twice weekly for 20 weeks to mice previously initiated with 7,12-dimethylbenz[ a ]anthracene inhibited the number of TPA-induced tumors per mouse by 39, 77, or 98%, respectively. Similar treatment of mice with 10 µmol of chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, or ferulic acid together with 5 nmol of TPA inhibited the number of TPA-induced tumors per mouse by 60, 28, or 35%, respectively, and higher doses of the phenolic acids caused a more pronounced inhibition of tumor promotion. The possibility that curcumin could inhibit the action of arachidonic acid was evaluated by studying the effect of curcumin on arachidonic acid-induced edema of mouse ears. The topical application of 3 or 10 µmol of curcumin 30 min before the application of 1 µmol of arachidonic acid inhibited arachidonic acid-induced edema by 33 or 80%, respectively.

https://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/48/21/5941.full.pdf

Inhibitory Effect of Curcumin, Chlorogenic Acid, Caffeic Acid, and Ferulic Acid on Tumor Promotion in Mouse Skin by 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate

Nutrional value and antinutritional components of whole and ethanol extracted Moringa oleifera leaves

Phytochemicals: The Chemical Components of Plants H.L. Brielmann Jr., W.N. Setzer, P.B. Kaufman, A. Kirakosyan, and L.J. Cseke How and Why These Compounds Are Synthesized by Plants L.J. Cseke, C.R. Lu, A. Kornfeld, P.B. Kaufman, and A. Kirakosyan Regulation of Metabolite Synthesis in Plants L.J. Cseke and P. B. Kaufman Plant Natural Products in the Rhizosphere Bhinu, V.S., K. Narasimhan, and S. Swarup Molecular Biology of Plant Natural Products Sheela Reuben, L.J. Cseke, Bhinu, V.S., K. Narasimhan, M. Jeyakumar and S. Swarup The Study of Natural Product Biosynthesis in the Pregenomics and Genomics Eras F. Chen, L.J. Cseke, H. Lin, A. Kirakosyan, J.S. Yuan, and P. Kaufman Plant Biotechnology for the Production of Natural Products A. Kirakosyan Traditional, Analytical, and Preparative Separations of Natural Products L.J. Cseke, W.N. Setzer, B. Vogler, A. Kirakosyan, and P.B. Kaufman Characterization of Natural Products B. Vogler and W.N. Setzer Bioassays for Activity W.N. Setzer and B. Vogler Modes of Action at Target Sites S. Warber, E.M. Seymour, P. Kaufman, A. Kirakosyan, and L.J. Cseke The Uses of Plant Natural Products by Humans and Risks Associated with Their Use P.B. Kaufman, A. Kirakosyan, M. McKenzie, P. Dayanandan, J.E. Hoyt, and C. Li The Synergy Principle at Work with Plants, Pathogens, Insects, Herbivores, and Humans K. Spelman, J.A. Duke and M.J. Bogenschutz-Godwin Plant Conservation M.J. Bogenschutz-Godwin, J.A. Duke, M. McKenzie, and P.B. Kaufman Relationship Between People and Plants S. Warber and K. Irvine Appendix:Information Retrieval on Natural Products in Plants Indexes: Chemicals, Plant Species and Common Names, and Subject

Rosemary Angel

Papers

The Wealth of India. Raw Materials

The Wealth of India

Medical Botany: Plants Affecting Man's Health

Mauritius and the Spice Trade. The Triumph of Jean Nicolas Cere and His Isle Bourbon Collaborators

Oils and Oilseeds: Crop and Product Digests