자연주의적 탐구조사(Naturalistic Inquiry)

Positive behavior support (PBS) is an applied science that uses educational and systems change methods (environmental redesign) to enhance quality of life and minimize problem behavior. PBS initial...

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Positive Behavior Support: Evolution of an Applied Science

This article examines the inclusive schools movement and compares it to that of the REI. After contrasting the movements' respective advocates, goals, tactics, and understanding of and links to general education, we argue that the field's rhetoric has become increasingly strident and its perspective increasingly insular and disassociated from general education's concerns. We offer a pessimistic prediction about the current movement's success in forging a productive alliance with general education.

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Inclusive Schools Movement and the Radicalization of Special Education Reform

https://www.archives-pmr.org/article/S0003-9993(98)90240-4/pdf

Quality of life and traumatic spinal cord injury

The primary intent of this program evaluation was to determine the degree of inclusion of students with disabilities in general education classes in four elementary and four secondary schools; the similarities and differences in how special education services were offered; and the ways in which students with disabilities were supported in the least restrictive environment. Staff perceptions of special education services were examined by conducting personal interviews with a large majority of the classroom teachers, special education teachers, instructional assistants, and principals in each school. The findings include descriptions of how far along each school was with inclusion, the amount of time students spent in general education, the roles of the special education teachers, the rates of student referrals for special education consideration, the attitudes of all staff toward inclusion and toward collaboration, and the skills of the teachers related to the inclusion of special education students. The f...

Toward Inclusion of Special Education Students in General Education A Program Evaluation of Eight Schools

The purpose of this study was to describe the experiences of general education teachers who have had a student with severe disabilities in their class. Interviews of 19 general education teachers, kindergarten through Grade 9, as well as questionnaires completed by 18 teachers, were analyzed using categorical coding procedures to identify themes related to the teachers' experiences. Results showed that despite teachers' initial negative reactions to the placement of a child with severe disabilities in their classrooms, 17 teachers described transforming experiences of a more positive nature and related many benefits to the students with disabilities, their classmates, and the teachers themselves. Respondents also characterized what support services they found helpful and not helpful.

“I've Counted Jon”: Transformational Experiences of Teachers Educating Students with Disabilities

Quality of life has become a dominant theme in planning and evaluating services for people with disabilities. This article reviews definitions of quality of life, explores the concept from the perspective of the optimal theory of personal well-being, and surveys the research on the concept and its implications for planning and evaluating services. This article explores the subjective nature of life quality, particularly for people with disabilities, and relates the concept to both cultural norms and universal human values and needs. Each person experiences life, and disability, in unique ways. Practitioners need to consider quality-of-life issues as a context in planning and evaluating quality services.

Quality of Life as Context for Planning and Evaluation of Services for People with Disabilities

THIS ARTICLE DESCRIBES CHARACTERISTICS OF INDIVIDUALIZED EDUCATION PROGRAMS (IEPS) OF 46 STUDENTS FROM NINE DIFFERENT STATES IN KINDERGARTEN THROUGH GRADE 12 WHO HAVE MULTIPLE DISABILITIES AND RECEIVE ALL OR PART OF THEIR EDUCATION IN GENERAL EDUCATION CLASSES. THROUGH CATEGORICAL CODING OF THE STUDENTS' IEP GOALS AND OBJECTIVES, SEVERAL THEMES WERE IDENTIFIED THAT HIGHLIGHT PROBLEMATIC CHARACTERISTICS OF IEPS. ALTERNATIVES ARE SUGGESTED THAT THE AUTHORS BELIEVE MAY MORE ADEQUATELY COMMUNICATE THE UNIQUE NEEDS OF INDIVIDUAL STUDENTS TO THEIR TEACHERS IN GENERAL EDUCATION CLASSES AND IMPROVE THE USEFULNESS OF IEPS.

Dressing Your IEPs for the General Education Climate Analysis of IEP Goals and Objectives for Students with Multiple Disabilities

This study examines culturally sensitive practices in family interviewing and developing individualized education programs. Participants were 14 professionals in the field of special education, who provided their perceptions and reflections on their experiences as members of cultural minority groups in the United States. The article reviews literature relevant to cultural sensitivity and family interviewing, describes the method and findings of the study, and discusses culturally sensitive practices in family interviewing, while avoiding stereotypes and generalizations. Recommendations for professionals include increasing their own knowledge base about other cultures; examining their own cultural biases; providing a family focus; allowing sufficient time for comfortable interviews; and considering time, place, and language needs.

Creating Conversation: Reflections on Cultural Sensitivity in Family Interviewing:

This study provides descriptive data regarding the prevalence of seven professional practices believed to interfere with the integrated delivery of related services for students with handicapping conditions in public schools. Based on questionnaire responses from 585 educators, parents, and related service personnel (e.g., speech/language pathologists, occupational therapists, physical therapists) from across the United States, these data highlight foundational issues that have an impact on the integrated delivery of related services that are necessary for some students to benefit from special education. Professional practices are presented that are believed to facilitate the integrated delivery of related services, as well as those believed to interfere with it. Results of the study document the prevalence of the interfering practices as reported by study participants, and also the extent to which parents and general education teachers report a lack of critical information about the provision of related ...

Ruth E. Dennis

Papers

“I've Counted Jon”: Transformational Experiences of Teachers Educating Students with Disabilities

Quality of Life as Context for Planning and Evaluation of Services for People with Disabilities

Dressing Your IEPs for the General Education Climate Analysis of IEP Goals and Objectives for Students with Multiple Disabilities

Creating Conversation: Reflections on Cultural Sensitivity in Family Interviewing:

Common Professional Practices That Interfere with the Integrated Delivery of Related Services