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American Society for Testing and Materials

This paper presents a tracking control method for the lateral motion of an autonomous land vehicle (ALV). This method is based on active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) scheme and differential flatness theory. The lateral motion is hard to control since it is underactuated, nonlinear, and with large uncertainties. By making a small-angle approximation, the dynamic model is linearized. The flatness of the linear model is proved and a flat output is found. An equivalent form of the model is obtained based on the flat output and its derivatives only. Moreover, an ADRC is adopted to guarantee both control accuracy and strong robustness. Simulation results are presented and the results show the effectiveness of the control strategies.

Lateral Path Tracking Control of Autonomous Land Vehicle Based on ADRC and Differential Flatness

Influence on the effect of zinc oxide and titanium dioxide nanoparticles as an additive with Calophyllum inophyllum methyl ester in a CI engine

This paper proposes a novel integrated controller with three-layer hierarchical structure to coordinate the interactions among active suspension system (ASS), active front steering (AFS) and direct yaw moment control (DYC). First of all, a 14-degree-of-freedom nonlinear vehicle dynamic model is constructed. Then, an upper layer is designed to calculate the total corrected moment for ASS and intermediate layer based on linear moment distribution. By considering the working regions of the AFS and DYC, the intermediate layer is functionalised to determine the trigger signal for the lower layer with corresponding weights. The lower layer is utilised to separately trace the desired value of each local controller and achieve the local control objectives of each subsystem. Simulation results show that the proposed three-layer hierarchical structure is effective in handling the working region of the AFS and DYC, while the quasi-experimental result shows that the proposed integrated controller is able to improve the lateral and vertical dynamics of the vehicle effectively as compared with a conventional electronic stability controller.

Chassis Integrated Control for Active Suspension, Active Front Steering and Direct Yaw Moment Systems Using Hierarchical Strategy

Lack of driver’s knowledge about the abrupt changes in pavement’s friction and poor performance of the vehicle’s stability, traction, and ABS controllers on the low friction surfaces are the most important factors affecting car crashes. Due to its direct relation to vehicle stability, accurate estimation of tire-road friction is of interest to all vehicle and tire companies. Many studies have been conducted in this field and researchers have used different tools and have proposed different algorithms. This literature survey introduces different approaches, which have been widely used to estimate the friction or other related parameters, and covers the recent literature that contains these methodologies. The emphasize of this review paper is on the algorithms and studies, which are more popular and have been repeated several times. The focus has been divided into two main groups: experiment-based and model-based approaches. Each of these main groups has several sub-categories, which are explained in the next few sections. Several summary tables are provided in which the overall feature of each approach is reviewed that gives the reader the general picture of different algorithms, which are widely used in friction estimation studies.

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A technical survey on tire-road friction estimation

The engine, which uses both conventional diesel fuel and LPG fuel, is referred to as ‘LPG–diesel dual fuel engines’. LPG dual fuel engines are modified diesel engines which use primary fuel as LPG and secondary fuel as diesel. LPG dual fuel engines have a good thermal efficiency at high output but the performance is less during part load conditions due to the poor utilization of charges. This problem can be overcome by varying factors such as pilot fuel quantity, injection timing, composition of the gaseous fuel and intake charge conditions, for improving the performance, combustion and emissions of dual fuel engines. This article reviews about the research work done by the researchers in order to improve the performance, combustion and emission parameters of a LPG–diesel dual fuel engines. From the studies it is shown that the use of LPG in diesel engine is one of the capable methods to reduce the PM and NOx emissions but at same time at part load condition there is a drop in efficiency and power output with respect to diesel operation.

LPG diesel dual fuel engine – A critical review

A review on control system architecture of a SI engine management system

Miniaturized machine tools have been established as a promising technology for machining the miniature components in wider range of materials. Spindle of a miniaturized machine tool needs to provide extremely high rotational speed, while maintaining the accuracy. In this work, a capacitive sensor-based measurement technique is followed for assessing radial errors of a miniaturized machine tool spindle. Accuracy of spindle error measurement is affected by inherent error sources such as sensor offset, thermal drift of spindle, centering error, and form error of the target surface installed in the spindle. In the present work, a model-based curve-fitting method is proposed for accurate interpretation and analysis of spindle error measurement data in time domain. Experimental results of the proposed method are presented and compared with the commonly followed discrete Fourier transform-based frequency domain-filtering method. Proposed method provides higher resolution for the estimation of fundamental frequency of spindle error data. Synchronous and asynchronous radial error values are evaluated in accordance with ANSI/ASME B89.3.4M [9] standard at various spindle speeds and number of spindle revolutions. It is found that the spindle speed and number of spindle revolutions does not have much influence on synchronous radial error of the spindle. On the other hand, asynchronous radial error motion exhibits a significant speed-dependant behavior with respect to the number of spindle revolutions.

Modeling, measurement, and evaluation of spindle radial errors in a miniaturized machine tool

Trends and future perspectives of electronic throttle control system in a spark ignition engine

Yaw stability control is an important consideration for improving the stability and handling behavior of a vehicle during extreme steering maneuvers This paper proposes a fuzzy logic based yaw stability controller for an active front steering of a four-wheeled road vehicle by using steer-by-wire system The proposed control system takes the yaw rate error, the steering angle given by the driver and the vehicle body side slip angle as inputs, for calculating the additional steering angle as output for stabilizing the yaw moment of the vehicle A three degrees-of-freedom vehicle model is considered Performance of the proposed system is simulated for sinusoidal, step maneuver using Matlab/Simulink tool, and the results are compared with the existing fuzzy control system which uses two inputs such steering angle and yaw rate The simulation results show better performance of the proposed fuzzy based yaw controller as compared with the existing control system

S. Denis Ashok

Papers

LPG diesel dual fuel engine – A critical review

A review on control system architecture of a SI engine management system

Modeling, measurement, and evaluation of spindle radial errors in a miniaturized machine tool

Trends and future perspectives of electronic throttle control system in a spark ignition engine

Fuzzy logic based yaw stability control for active front steering of a vehicle