The inherent structure tunability, good affinity with CO2, and nonvolatility of ionic liquids (ILs) drive their exploration and exploitation in CO2 separation field, and has attracted remarkable interest from both industries and academia. The aim of this Review is to give a detailed overview on the recent advances on IL-based materials, including pure ILs, IL-based solvents, and IL-based membranes for CO2 capture and separation from the viewpoint of molecule to engineering. The effects of anions, cations and functional groups on CO2 solubility and selectivity of ILs, as well as the studies on degradability of ILs are reviewed, and the recent developments on functionalized ILs, IL-based solvents, and IL-based membranes are also discussed. CO2 separation mechanism with IL-based solvents and IL-based membranes are explained by combining molecular simulation and experimental characterization. Taking into consideration of the applications and industrialization, the recent achievements and developments on the t...

Ionic-Liquid-Based CO2 Capture Systems: Structure, Interaction and Process

Status and progress of membrane contactors in post-combustion carbon capture: A state-of-the-art review of new developments

CO2 capture and storage technologies have been recognized as the primary option to mitigate the issue of climate change caused by the utilization of fossil fuels. In the last decades, several CO2 c ...

Alternative pathways for efficient CO2 capture by hybrid processes—A review

Global warming and associated climate change has resulted in serious efforts towards reducing greenhouse gas emissions, primarily carbon dioxide through carbon capture. There are various technical options in pre- and post-combustion modes available viz., adsorption, absorption, membrane separation, chemical looping combustion with and without oxygen uncoupling and cryogenic separations. Among all these, absorption technology which could be deployed as a post-combustion option to be integrated with power plant, has been commercialized with amines as solvents long back. But there is a long way to go to improve this process in terms of economic viability due to large regeneration costs involved and to make it more environmental friendly with minimum toxic and corrosion problems due to solvents. In this review, absorption based carbon capture has been reviewed comprehensively and critically in terms of various aspects like solvents and their synthesis protocols, performance analysis of different solvent systems, contactors, kinetics and thermodynamics, modeling and simulation studies etc. Every section has been discussed in terms of the trends and developments observed including the contemporary status besides citing future challenges and prospects to improve the technology.

Carbon capture by absorption – Path covered and ahead

Ever since the discovery of graphene, its potential has been predicted for a number of applications in various fields such as electronics, sensors, environmental decontamination techniques, separations and biomedicine to name a few. Among various such fields, the research in graphene-based nanocomposites membranes is still in its infancy as there is not a significant research published in this field so far. However, interestingly this field is registering an exponentially upward trend recently. This review article provides a brief description of polymer nanocomposite membranes with graphene as one of the most indispensable components in the membranes. In this article, we describe in a systematic and comprehensive manner the most recent research published so far in the nanocomposite membranes with graphene and the most commonly used polymers namely the polysulfone and the cellulose derivatives. This article also describes the main applications of these polymeric membranes in the fuel cells and in water purification processes containing the current literature data as well as the authors' own research. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Graphene-based polymer nanocomposite membranes: a review

Post-combustion CO2 Capture using Super-hydrophobic, Polyether Ether Ketone, Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactors

Scale-up of PEEK hollow fiber membrane contactor for post-combustion CO2 capture:

This report summarizes progress made during Phase I and Phase II of the project: "Pre-Combustion Carbon Capture by a Nanoporous, Superhydrophobic Membrane Contactor Process," under contract DE-FE-0000646. The objective of this project is to develop a practical and cost effective technology for CO{sub 2} separation and capture for pre-combustion coal-based gasification plants using a membrane contactor/solvent absorption process. The goals of this technology development project are to separate and capture at least 90% of the CO{sub 2} from Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) power plants with less than 10% increase in the cost of energy services. Unlike conventional gas separation membranes, the membrane contactor is a novel gas separation process based on the gas/liquid membrane concept. The membrane contactor is an advanced mass transfer device that operates with liquid on one side of the membrane and gas on the other. The membrane contactor can operate with pressures that are almost the same on both sides of the membrane, whereas the gas separation membranes use the differential pressure across the membrane as driving force for separation. The driving force for separation for the membrane contactor process is the chemical potential difference of CO{sub 2} in the gas phase and in themore » absorption liquid. This process is thus easily tailored to suit the needs for pre-combustion separation and capture of CO{sub 2}. Gas Technology Institute (GTI) and PoroGen Corporation (PGC) have developed a novel hollow fiber membrane technology that is based on chemically and thermally resistant commercial engineered polymer poly(ether ether ketone) or PEEK. The PEEK membrane material used in the membrane contactor during this technology development program is a high temperature engineered plastic that is virtually non-destructible under the operating conditions encountered in typical gas absorption applications. It can withstand contact with most of the common treating solvents. GTI and PGC have developed a nanoporous and superhydrophobic PEEK-based hollow fiber membrane contactor tailored for the membrane contactor/solvent absorption application for syngas cleanup. The membrane contactor modules were scaled up to 8-inch diameter commercial size modules. We have performing extensive laboratory and bench testing using pure gases, simulated water-gas-shifted (WGS) syngas stream, and a slipstream from a gasification derived syngas from GTI's Flex-Fuel Test Facility (FFTF) gasification plant under commercially relevant conditions. The team have also carried out an engineering and economic analysis of the membrane contactor process to evaluate the economics of this technology and its commercial potential. Our test results have shown that 90% CO{sub 2} capture can be achieved with several physical solvents such as water and chilled methanol. The rate of CO{sub 2} removal by the membrane contactor is in the range of 1.5 to 2.0 kg/m{sup 2}/hr depending on the operating pressures and temperatures and depending on the solvents used. The final economic analysis has shown that the membrane contactor process will cause the cost of electricity to increase by 21% from the base plant without CO{sub 2} capture. The goal of 10% increase in levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) from base DOE Case 1(base plant without capture) is not achieved by using the membrane contactor. However, the 21% increase in LCOE is a substantial improvement as compared with the 31.6% increase in LCOE as in DOE Case 2(state of art capture technology using 2-stages of Selexol{TM}).« less

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Pre-Combustion Carbon Capture by a Nanoporous, Superhydrophobic Membrane Contactor Process

With financial assistance from the US Department of Energy and the Illinois Clean Coal Institute, Gas Technology Institute (GTI) has been working with the University of California, Berkeley, for further development of their UCSRP-HP (University of California Sulfur Recovery Process-High Pressure) technology. The key focus of the UCSRP-HP technology is integrated multi-contaminant removal of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbonyl sulfide (COS), ammonia (NH3), chlorides and heavy metals present in coal-derived syngas. The process has two major components: 1) removal of various trace components with a solvent (e.g., diethylene glycol or water) using a high-pressure scrubbing unit and 2) removal of H2S as sulfur via reaction with SO2 (in the presence of a solvent mixed a small quantity of a homogeneous catalyst) at 120?C to 150?C and at any syngas pressure. During this research, data critical to developing and evaluating UCSRP-HP technology for multi-contaminant removal from syngas derived from Illinois #6 coal were obtained. In this paper, we have presented key economic evaluations of the UCSRP-HP process, including potential integrations with other technology options for CO2 and hydrogen separations, for a nominal Illinois #6-coal-based 550-MWe Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) facility with CO2 capture and sequestration. GTI is exploring various options to demonstrate this technology in a pilot plant using actual syngas from a coal gasifier.

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Economic Evaluation of the UCSRP-HP Process in IGCC Applications

catalyzed amine-based solid sorbents with fast kinetics and low regeneration temperature for direct air capture of CO 2 . The catalyst is designed to improve sorbent’s working CO 2 capacity, reduce CAPEX and reduce energy consumption for cost of DAC.

S. James Zhou

Papers

Post-combustion CO2 Capture using Super-hydrophobic, Polyether Ether Ketone, Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactors

Scale-up of PEEK hollow fiber membrane contactor for post-combustion CO2 capture:

Pre-Combustion Carbon Capture by a Nanoporous, Superhydrophobic Membrane Contactor Process

Economic Evaluation of the UCSRP-HP Process in IGCC Applications

Low Regeneration Temperature Sorbents for Direct Air Capture of CO2