This paper outlines the benefits of adopting service-oriented architectures at the level of communications between resource-constrained embedded devices. It focuses on the usage of the Devices Profile for Web Services as the underpinning of such architectures for "smart" devices and discusses an early implementation thereof. It further illustrates how "dumb" or "legacy" devices can be integrated using a gatewaying approach.

/pdf/service-oriented-device-communications-using-the-devices-tofj61hcfk.pdf

Service-oriented device communications using the devices profile for web services

Much has been published about potential benefits of the adoption of cyber–physical systems (CPSs) in manufacturing industry. However, less has been said about how such automation systems might be effectively configured and supported through their lifecycles and how application modeling, visualization, and reuse of such systems might be best achieved. It is vitally important to be able to incorporate support for engineering best practice while at the same time exploiting the potential that CPS has to offer in an automation systems setting. This paper considers the industrial context for the engineering of CPS. It reviews engineering approaches that have been proposed or adopted to date including Industry 4.0 and provides examples of engineering methods and tools that are currently available. The paper then focuses on the CPS engineering toolset being developed by the Automation Systems Group (ASG) in the Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG), University of Warwick, Coventry, U.K. and explains via an industrial case study how such a component-based engineering toolset can support an integrated approach to the virtual and physical engineering of automation systems through their lifecycle via a method that enables multiple vendors' equipment to be effectively integrated and provides support for the specification, validation, and use of such systems across the supply chain, e.g., between end users and system integrators.

/pdf/engineering-methods-and-tools-for-cyber-physical-automation-pkjsho8und.pdf

Engineering Methods and Tools for Cyber–Physical Automation Systems

This paper outlines the benefits of adopting service-oriented architectures at the level of communications between resource-constrained embedded devices, in particular for industrial device networks. It focuses on the usage of the devices profile for Web services as the underpinning of such "smart device" architectures and discusses an early implementation thereof. It further illustrates how "dumb " or "legacy" devices can be integrated using a gatewaying approach.

Service-Oriented Device Communications Using the Devices Profile for Web services

Bioactive components of velvet antlers and their pharmacological properties

Reconfigurable Manufacturing System (RMS) is one of most promising paradigms that provide an effective solution to changes and uncertainties in a competitive manufacturing environment. A Reconfigurable Assembly System (RAS) is a key component of an RMS. In this paper, our survey on the development of RAS has been summarised. The objectives of this literature survey are to: • clarify the needs and drivers in developing reconfigurable assembly systems • identify both academic and practical issues critical to the development of reconfigurable assembly systems • understand the state of the art of R&D related to the studies on the critical issues

Current status of reconfigurable assembly systems

This paper describes research towards the realization of reconfigurable modular automated machines and the associated engineering methods and tools necessary to support their lifecycle needs. UK-based research, in collaboration with the Ford Motor Company and several machine builders, has resulted in the development of full-scale prototype reconfigurable modular automation systems for both engine assembly and machining applications. The implementation of an assembly system is featured in this paper. An engineering environment and associated reconfigurable component-based control system architecture have been created aimed at supporting the lifecycle needs of a new generation of agile automated systems, i.e., providing reconfigurable, easily scalable automated machinery. This approach has the potential to fit within a wider collaborative automation strategy where manufacturing systems are implemented as a conglomerate of distributed, autonomous, and reusable units.

Reconfigurable modular automation systems for automotive power-train manufacture

This paper describes the realisation of an embedded control system and associated engineering environment to support the lifecycle of modular automated machines. An on-going research project named MBODY (modular build for distributed systems) has been undertaken in collaboration with end users, machine builders, and controls and component vendors in the automotive, electronics and warehousing sectors. The external drivers of change affecting industry today are reviewed and the need for a better approach to the design and implementation of control systems is explained in this context. The engineering environment and associated component-based control system architecture aim to support the lifecycle needs of a new generation of agile automated systems; i.e. providing reconfigurable, easily scalable automated machinery, which is not reliant on a centralised PLC or PC based controller and where the control logic is embedded into the modules of the machine. The new system is suitable for a wide range of applications where sequence and interlock control predominates, i.e. typically application domains of conventional PLC based machine control

Lifecycle engineering of modular automated machines

Increasing complexity and interdependency in manufacturing enterprises requires an agile manufacturing paradigm This paper considers the characteristics that a component-based control system needs to embody to support agility in this context The concept of a component that incorporates automation hardware, software, control services, and manufacturing-related services into a basic modular unit is reported A component encapsulates low-level, real-time implementation and component-specific knowledge, which are abstracted and exposed as standard interfaces to enable it to be integrated into a manufacturing system as a common, reusable building block The concept and control of the component is outlined in this paper and the methodology for the implementation of a component-based control system is illustrated Finally, the implementation of the component-based concept at Johann A Krause Maschinenfabrik GmbH, a major manufacturer of automotive assembly automation systems, is described

A component-based control system for agile manufacturing:

The aim of this study was to provide basic information to allow improved nutritional management for velvet production by investigating the effects of dietary protein levels on dry matter intake and production and chemical composition of velvet antler in spotted deer (Cervus nippon). Twenty-four spotted deer stags were assigned to 4 unreplicated groups, Control (15% CP in diet, higher dry matter), CP10 (10% CP), CP15 (15% CP) and CP20 (20% CP). The velvet antlers were harvested from each stag on the 55th day after casting of the buttons from the previous set, measured for their size and weight, and the chemical composition of each antler was determined in three sections (top, middle, and base). Dry matter (DMI) and crude protein (CPI) intake were highest (p<0.05) for the Control and increased progressively (p<0.05) with increasing dietary protein level. Although not significant, mean length and girth of the main antler beam tended to be larger in either left or right beam with increasing protein level in the diet, longest in CP20 and shortest in CP10. Velvet antler production was lowest in CP10 and highest in CP20, which differed significantly (p<0.05). Only negligible differences were found between groups in chemical composition. It is concluded that dietary protein clearly influenced dry matter intake and velvet antler production, whereas there was comparatively little effect of dietary protein on chemical composition of antler in

Effects of Dietary Protein Level on Dry Matter Intake, and Production and Chemical Composition of Velvet Antler in Spotted Deer Fed Forest By-product Silage*

This paper describes the application of a novel component-based approach to the design and implementation of an assembly automation system in the automotive production domain. The assembly automation system is composed of autonomous mechatronic units known here as components. The component encapsulates automation hardware, software, control services, and specific automation knowledge and can be integrated into the desired automation system as a common reusable building block without the need to know its low-level implementation details. The component-based concept is outlined and the implementation of a component-based assembly automation system is described in this paper.

S. M. Lee

Papers

Reconfigurable modular automation systems for automotive power-train manufacture

Lifecycle engineering of modular automated machines

A component-based control system for agile manufacturing:

Effects of Dietary Protein Level on Dry Matter Intake, and Production and Chemical Composition of Velvet Antler in Spotted Deer Fed Forest By-product Silage*

A component-based approach to the design and implementation of assembly automation system: