By invoking the radiation reaction force, first perturbatively derived by Landau and Lifschitz, and later shown by Rohrlich to be exact for a single particle, we construct a set of fluid equations obeyed by a relativistic plasma interacting with the radiation field. After showing that this approach reproduces the known results for a locally Maxwellian plasma, we derive and display the basic dynamical equations for a general magnetized plasma in which the radiation reaction force augments the direct Lorentz force.

Radiation reaction and relativistic hydrodynamics.

Small amplitude quantum ion-acoustic solitary waves are studied in an unmagnetized two- species relativistic quantum plasma system, comprised of electrons and ions. The one-dimensional quantum hydrodynamic model (QHD) is used to obtain a deformed Korteweg–de Vries (dKdV) equation by reductive perturbation method. A linear dispersion relation is also obtained taking into account the relativistic effect. The properties of quantum ion-acoustic solitary waves, obtained from the deformed KdV equation, are studied taking into account the quantum mechanical effects in the weak relativistic limit. It is found that relativistic effects significantly modify the properties of quantum ion-acoustic waves. Also the effect of the quantum parameter H on the nature of solitary wave solutions is studied in some detail.

Quantum ion-acoustic solitary waves in weak relativistic plasma

To diagnose recombining plasmas obtained under detachment conditions in axisymmetric divertor regions of tokamaks (fusion devices) like JET, a spectroscopic analysis method has been developed. The method is based on the modeling of entire deuterium emission spectra composed of high-n Balmer lines extending to or beyond the series limit. A numerical code has been constructed by coupling a Stark line shape code to both an analytical approach developed for the smooth merging of lines into the continuum and a collisional-radiative model for the deuterium atomic level populations. The code has been incorporated into a fitting procedure allowing the simultaneous determination of the electron density and temperature of JET detached plasmas from deuterium line and continuum spectra.

Smooth line merging into the continuum and Stark broadening of deuterium Balmer lines for plasma diagnostics

Pressure ionization in partition function algebra

A relativistic kinetic theory of parallel longitudinal and transverse waves in magnetized, equilibrium pair plasma is presented. On the basis of the relativistic Maxwell–Vlasov equation, the general dispersion relations for parallel propagating waves in equilibrium pair plasmas are derived by a correct analytical continuation on the whole complex frequency plane. These are used to prove that no parallel growing waves exist in magnetized pair plasma with isotropic distribution function. Only superluminal transverse waves with frequencies larger than a critical value depending on the magnetic field, undergo no Landau damping.

Relativistic Kinetic Theory of Waves in Equilibrium Magnetized Pair Plasma. General Dispersion Relations

High-intensity lasers interacting with plasmas are used to study processes in the laboratory that would otherwise only occur in astrophysics. These include relativistic plasmas, electron acceleration in ultrahigh field-gradient wake fields, pressure ionization and continuum lowering in strongly coupled plasmas, and X-ray line emission via Raman scattering.

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S. Pikuz

Papers

Dense and Relativistic Plasmas Produced by Compact High-Intensity Lasers