The concentration of data traffic towards the sink in a wireless sensor network causes the nearby nodes to deplete their batteries quicker than other nodes, which leaves the sink stranded and disrupts the sensor data reporting. To mitigate this problem the usage of mobile sinks is proposed. Mobile sinks implicitly provide load-balancing and help achieving uniform energy-consumption across the network. However, the mechanisms to support the sink mobility (e.g., advertising the location of the mobile sink to the network) introduce an overhead in terms of energy consumption and packet delays. With these properties mobile sink routing constitutes an interesting research field with unique requirements. In this paper, we present a survey of the existing distributed mobile sink routing protocols. In order to provide an insight to the rationale and the concerns of a mobile sink routing protocol, design requirements and challenges associated with the problem of mobile sink routing are determined and explained. A definitive and detailed categorization is made and the protocols' advantages and drawbacks are determined with respect to their target applications.

Distributed Mobile Sink Routing for Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey

Wireless body area networks (WBANs) form a new and interesting area in the world of remote health monitoring. An important concern in such networks is the communication between the sensors. This communication needs to be energy efficient and highly reliable while keeping delays low. Mobility also has to be supported as the nodes are positioned on different parts of the body that move with regard to each other. In this paper, we present a new cross-layer communication protocol for WBANs: CICADA or Cascading Information retrieval by Controlling Access with Distributed slot Assignment. The protocol sets up a network tree in a distributed manner. This tree structure is subsequently used to guarantee collision free access to the medium and to route data towards the sink. The paper analyzes CICADA and shows simulation results. The protocol offers low delay and good resilience to mobility. The energy usage is low as the nodes can sleep in slots where they are not transmitting or receiving.

A low-delay protocol for multishop wireless body area networks

In a typical wireless sensor network, the batteries of the nodes near the sink deplete quicker than other nodes due to the data traffic concentrating towards the sink, leaving it stranded and disrupting the sensor data reporting. To mitigate this problem, mobile sinks are proposed. They implicitly provide load-balanced data delivery and achieve uniform-energy consumption across the network. On the other hand, advertising the position of the mobile sink to the network introduces an overhead in terms of energy consumption and packet delays. In this paper, we propose Ring Routing, a novel, distributed, energy-efficient mobile sink routing protocol, suitable for time-sensitive applications, which aims to minimize this overhead while preserving the advantages of mobile sinks. Furthermore, we evaluate the performance of Ring Routing via extensive simulations.

Ring Routing: An Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks with a Mobile Sink

Internet of Things (IoT) is a novel design paradigm, intended as a network of billions to trillions of tiny sensors communicating with each other to offer innovative solutions to real time problems. These sensors form a network named as wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to monitor physical environment and disseminate collected data back to the base station through multiple hops. WSN has the capability to collect and report data for a specific application. The location information plays an important role for various wireless sensor network applications. A majority of the applications are related to location-based services. The development of sensor technology, processing techniques, and communication systems give rise to a development of the smart sensor for the adaptive and innovative application. So a single localization technique is not adequate for all application. In this paper, a recent extensive analysis of localization techniques and hierarchical taxonomy and their applications in the different context is presented. This taxonomy of the localization technique is classified based on presence of offline training in localization, namely self-determining and training dependent approaches. Finally, various open research issues related to localization schemes for IoT are compared and various directions for future research are proposed.

Location of Things (LoT): A Review and Taxonomy of Sensors Localization in IoT Infrastructure

Advances on localization techniques for wireless sensor networks

On behalf of the Organizing Committee, we would like to welcome you to the 2nd International ACM Workshop on Pervasive Wireless Healthcare -- MobileHealth 2012 -- in Hilton Head Island, South Carolina, USA. After the first successful edition of MobileHealth -- MobileHealth'11 -- in Paris, France, the second edition of the workshop is collocated for the second time with the 13th edition of ACM MobiHoc'12 conference. MobileHealth has now established itself as a high-quality forum for practitioners and researchers from Academia, research labs and industry to interact and exchange experiences about theoretical and practical aspects of wireless healthcare networking and systems. It would be an important chance to discuss and understand what aspects have to be considered to provide effective pervasive wireless healthcare systems.

Producing a conference is always a team effort involving many volunteers and we would like to thank the team that made MobileHealth 2012 possible. In particular, we are greatly indebted to our Technical Program Committee members who worked hard to produce a comprehensive, highquality program. The workshop received 15 submissions of which 9 full papers were accepted for final presentation. MobileHealth'12 also features a keynote speech delivered by Professor Roozbeh Jafari from the University of Texas at Dallas.

Proceedings of the 2nd ACM international workshop on Pervasive Wireless Healthcare

Nowadays, the number of elderly people keeps growing and represents a non negligible part of the global population in the world. Consequently, healthcare and monitoring expenses destined to them become more and more important. Indeed, receiving ageing people in dedicated infrastructures with qualified staff costs a lot of money either for them and for governments. Also, a large number of elderly prefer continue to live in their own houses rather than joining those healthcare centers. However, they could be subject to domestic accidents and the latters are often detected after a while. This work aims to setup a efficient wireless video surveillance system to help elderly people who need a permanent assistance while they prefer still living in their houses. Our main objective is to early detect and transmit via Internet any abnormal behavior or domestic accident to assistance services. For this, small cameras embedded on wireless home deployed sensors have been considered. Moreover, a simple and lightweight routing protocol for an optimized data transmission have been proposed. The whole system was implemented on an Arduino based platform on which a set of experiments were conducted.

Data Dissemination in a Wireless Video Surveillance Platform for Elderly Monitoring: Implementation and Experiments

Recently, a new application of wireless sensor networks has emerged and it consists on Multimedia Surveillance Wireless Sensor Networks (MSWSNs). This application involves interconnected wireless video sensors capable of processing, sending, and receiving data. The first step in this work is to setup a efficient wireless video surveillance system to help elders who need assistance while they prefer still living in their houses. The objective is to early detect and transmit via Internet any abnormal behavior or domestic accident to assistance services. For this, small cameras embedded on wireless home deployed sensors have been considered. Moreover, a lightweight routing protocol for an optimized data transmission has been proposed. The whole system was implemented on an Arduino based platform on which a set of experiments were conducted. The second step in an ongoing work is to extend our experiments to a safety wireless video surveillance platform in an urban and public environments.

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A Lightweight Routing Protocol for aWireless Video Surveillance Platform: Implementation, Experiments and Perspectives

Efficient design of networks topologies is challenging, especially with the arrival of the virtualization in these last years. In this paper, we deal with the Capacitated Network Design Problem (CNDP) with modular link capacities to design minimum cost network while satisfying the flow demands. We propose a two levels Genetic Algorithm (GA) based model that can deal with several variations of CNDP. Our proposition defines a new encoding scheme to treat the modular case. Extensive simulation results on Atlanta, France and Germany network instances show that the proposed algorithm is much more efficient than the Iterative Local Search algorithm.

Genetic algorithm based model for capacitated network design problem

Preserving the location privacy in vehicular networks has been a fundamental issue due to its direct impact on human safety. Exposure and violation of location privacy of road users may be more perilous than just simple case of curiosity, it can scale to tracking and cyber-stalking. Bringing the road users mental and physical harm, from targeted advertising, blackmailing to trap planning. The causalities tracking can cause to road users are fatal. Henceforth, researcher during the past 15 years have been actively looking for solutions to preserve the location privacy while maintaining the network correct functionality. Numerous researches investigating the pseudonym change strategies (PCS) as the potential most suitable solution to this issue have been published. In this paper, we review, analyze and classify the made efforts and highlight the proofing phases. This paper could serve junior researchers in this field to learn about the made efforts in a systematic organized way in order to help them carry on their research. They could benefit from their seniors' efforts and follow their proofing methodologies when proposing out-performing schemes.

Saadi Boudjit

Papers

Proceedings of the 2nd ACM international workshop on Pervasive Wireless Healthcare

Data Dissemination in a Wireless Video Surveillance Platform for Elderly Monitoring: Implementation and Experiments

A Lightweight Routing Protocol for aWireless Video Surveillance Platform: Implementation, Experiments and Perspectives

Genetic algorithm based model for capacitated network design problem

Location Privacy in Vehicular Networks: Analytical Review of Existing Solutions