Importance Social-emotional competence in early childhood influences long-term mental health and well-being. Interest in the potential to improve child health and educational outcomes through social and emotional learning (SEL) programs in early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings is increasing. Objective To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies examining the social, emotional, and early learning outcomes associated with universal curriculum-based SEL programs delivered to children aged 2 to 6 years in center-based ECEC settings. Data Sources Keyword searches of Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), MEDLINE Complete, PsycINFO, and Proquest Dissertations and Theses Global databases were conducted to identify all relevant studies published from January 1, 1995, through December 31, 2017. Study Selection Studies included in this review examined universal curriculum-based SEL intervention delivered to children aged 2 to 6 years in a center-based ECEC setting. All assessed individual-level social and/or emotional skill after the SEL intervention and used an experimental or quasi-experimental design (ie, studies that did not or were not able to randomly allocate participants to intervention and control groups) with a control group. Data Extraction and Synthesis A total of 13 035 records were screened, of which 362 were identified for full-text review. A systematic literature review was conducted on 79 studies. Multilevel random-effects meta-analyses were conducted on 63 eligible studies from October 2 through 18, 2018. Main Outcomes and Measures Social competence, emotional competence, behavioral self-regulation, behavior and emotional challenges, and early learning outcomes. Results This review identified 79 unique experimental or quasi-experimental studies evaluating the effect of SEL interventions on preschooler outcomes, including a total of 18 292 unique participants. Sixty-three studies were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with control participants, children in intervention conditions showed significant improvement in social competence (Cohend [SE], 0.30; [0.06]; 95% CI, 0.18-0.42;P  Conclusions and Relevance According to results of this study, social and emotional learning programs appeared to deliver at a relatively low intensity may be an effective way to increase social competence, emotional competence, behavioral self-regulation, and early learning outcomes and reduce behavioral and emotional difficulties in children aged 2 to 6 years. Social and emotional learning programs appear to be particularly successful at increasing emotional knowledge, understanding, and regulation.

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Social and Emotional Learning Associated With Universal Curriculum-Based Interventions in Early Childhood Education and Care Centers: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

The present study investigates the effectiveness of an 8-week mindfulness-based intervention designed to improve educator wellbeing and implemented concurrently in multiple school sites. Using a cluster (school) randomized controlled design, 185 educators working in 20 Australian schools were randomized to an intervention group (10 schools, number = 85, mean age = 42.34 years) or a control group (10 schools, number = 100, mean age = 43.7 years). Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine effects of intervention on wellbeing and teaching-related outcomes and students’ sense of connectedness to teachers measured post intervention after controlling for the baseline. The intervention predicted lower levels of perceived stress (β = − 0.196, p < 0.01, 95% CI [− 4.00, − 0.92]) and sleep difficulty (β = − 0.175, p < 0.05, 95% CI [− 7.54, − 0.46]) and higher levels of mindfulness (β = 0.252, p < 0.001, 95% CI [2.60, 6.12]), self-compassion (β = 0.207, p < 0.001, 95% CI [0.14, 0.43]) and cognitive reappraisal in emotion regulation (β = 0.152, p < 0.05, 95% CI [0.19, 4.03]) at immediate post-intervention, with medium to large effect sizes, after controlling for effects of corresponding variables at baseline. These effects largely remained significant at 6-week post-intervention. Improved educator wellbeing did not accompany improvements in teaching but students’ sense of connectedness to teachers. The findings suggest that mindfulness-based interventions may contribute to the overall educator wellbeing and this may increase students’ sense of connectedness to teachers without themselves undergoing any intervention.

Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Educators: Effects of a School-Based Cluster Randomized Controlled Study

Boys don't cry

Given the significance of teachers’ professional success in the adequacy of education, exploring the determinants of this variable appears crucial. To address this need, this inquiry inspected the role of well-being and emotion regulation in Chinese EFL teachers’ professional success. For this purpose, 357 Chinese EFL teachers were selected to answer three pre-designed questionnaires. Structural equation modeling (SEM) using Smart-PLS was implemented to analyze teacher participants’ responses. The structural model revealed a strong, favorable connection between well-being, emotion regulation, and professional success. The model also demonstrated that both well-being and emotion regulation were highly influential in Chinese EFL teachers’ professional success. The potential implications for EFL teachers, teacher educators, and educational authorities are further discussed.

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English as a foreign language teachers’ professional success in the Chinese context: The effects of well-being and emotion regulation

There is growing awareness of the benefits of curriculum-based social and emotional learning (SEL) programs in Early Childhood Education and Care settings for children’s social, emotional, and cognitive development. While many SEL programs aim to strengthen teachers’ capacity and capability to foster children’s social and emotional skills, research effort has focused on understanding the impact on child outcomes, with less emphasis on improvement in teaching quality. This systematic literature review examined the effectiveness of universal curriculum-based SEL programs on teacher outcomes. Fifteen studies met inclusion criteria, capturing ten distinct SEL interventions. The findings suggest SEL programs may strengthen teaching quality, particularly the provision of responsive and nurturing teacher-child interactions and effective classroom management. Data were insufficient to ascertain whether participation improved teachers’ knowledge, self-efficacy, or social-emotional wellbeing. The potential pathways between SEL intervention, teaching quality and children’s developmental outcomes are discussed.

Do Curriculum-Based Social and Emotional Learning Programs in Early Childhood Education and Care Strengthen Teacher Outcomes? A Systematic Literature Review

This quasi-experimental study examined the effects of the Promoting Alternative Thinking Strategies (PATHS) Preschool Program on the outcomes of children's social-emotional competence, perceived relationships between teacher and children and teachers' ability to create a positive classroom atmosphere. Two hundred and eighty five children (48-72 months) and teachers in Izmir participated in the intervention, and 280 children (48-72 months) and teachers participated as comparison group. Intervention teachers implemented PATHS in their classrooms. For data triangulation, multiple sources of data were collected in the study. Classrooms were observed using two different scales. Teacher rated students using another two different scales. Children were assessed with an interview to evaluate their perceptions of relationships. Intervention group teachers reported greater improvement of children's social-emotional skills, interpersonal relationship skills and emotion regulation. Furthermore, when observed intervention group children showed higher levels of pro-social behaviour, increased levels of compliance, better problem solving skills and more positive feelings. Intervention group children also described their relationships with their teachers as significantly more positively. Finally, intervention group teachers perceived more dependency in their relationships with children.

The effects of Promoting Alternative Thinking Strategies Preschool Program on teacher-children relationships and children's social competence in Turkey.

The way how pre-school teachers perceive their relationships they formed with their students, teaching beliefs regarding the profession and teachers’ competencies to regulate their emotions are eff...

Emotion regulation, teaching beliefs and child–teacher relationships from the perspectives of pre-school teachers

It is frequently stated that stereotypes and cultural values about gender roles are effective in children’s adoption of sexual identities, shaping of their emotions, thoughts, and behaviors in accordance with their sexual identities and the construction of their gender roles. By creating learning environments where roles that will satisfy the needs of modern life developed independently from gender stereotypes, preschool teachers can help structuring perceptions of children on gender equality. In this context, it is considered that preschool education program should be enriched with educational materials and activities to improve a point of view related to gender equality in early childhood period. In this research, it is aimed to investigate the effects of educational activities and materials for gender equality on the gender stereotypes of children in preschool period. The research was conducted as an experimental field study with experimental and control groups. The study group consists of 84 children aged 5 in an independent kindergarten in Izmir. It was found that there was a significant difference between the posttest scores of the experimental and control groups in terms of tasks/jobs, professions, toys, games, hobbies and emotions after the implementation of the education program supporting gender equality.

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The Effects of Social Gender Equality-Oriented Educational Activities and Materials on Gender Stereotypes of Children

This study aims to evaluate the effects of “Classroom Management Training Programme” on preschool teachers’ teaching styles regarding classroom management practices and children's behaviors in the classroom atmosphere. For this study, thirty teachers were selected from the schools in Izmir by convenience sampling method. In this quasi-experimental study with a pre-test – intervention - post-test design, data was collected thorough Teaching Style Rating Scale (TSRS), Classroom Atmosphere Rating Scale (CARS) and Semi-structured Interview Form. According to the findings, the exprimental teachers performed better on problem solving, preventing misbehaviours, classroom management, and applying discipline. Children in in the experimental group were more positive, cooperative and adoptive rather than disruptive compared to control group’s children in the classroom atmosphere. Moreover the teachers expressed that they preferred more to use preventive and supportive approach rather than restrictive approach to cope with undesirable behaviors.selected from the schools in Izmir by convenience sampling method. In this quasi experimental study with a pre-test – intervention - post-test design, data was collected thorough Teaching Style Rating Scale (TSRS), Classroom Atmosphere Rating Scale (CARS) and Semistructured Interview Form. According to the findings, the exprimental teachers performed better on problem solving, preventing misbehaviours, classroom management, and applying discipline. Children in in the experimental group were more positive, cooperative and adoptive rather than disruptive compared to control group’s children in the classroom atmosphere. Moreover the teachers expressed that they preferred more to use preventive and supportive approach rather than restrictive approach to cope with undesirable behaviors.This study aims to evaluate the effects of “Classroom Management Training Programme” on preschool teachers’ teaching styles regarding classroom management practices and children's behaviors in the classroom atmosphere. For this study, thirty teachers were selected from the schools in Izmir by convenience sampling method. In this quasi-experimental study with a pre-test – intervention - post-test design, data was collected thorough Teaching Style Rating Scale (TSRS), Classroom Atmosphere Rating Scale (CARS) and Semistructured Interview Form. According to the findings, the exprimental teachers performed better on problem solving, preventing misbehaviours, classroom management, and applying discipline. Children in in the experimental group were more positive, cooperative and adoptive rather than disruptive compared to control group’s children in the classroom atmosphere. Moreover the teachers expressed that they preferred more to use preventive and supportive approach rather than restrictive approach to cope with undesirable behaviors.This study aims to evaluate the effects of “Classroom Management Training Programme” on preschool teachers’ teaching styles regarding classroom management practices and children's behaviors in the classroom atmosphere. For this study, thirty teachers were

Classroom Management Skills of Teachers Leads to Creating Positive Classroom Climate

In preschool period, children learn to be attuned to society by means of teacher’s leading and their peers. Teacher’s classroom management skills have an important role to promote positive behaviors, arranging educational environment, creating and maintaining flexible classroom atmosphere. Rules are required to be maintained regularly for desired behaviors. The study is aimed to determine the rules, foreseen by teachers, and assess children’s awareness. The participants are 30 preschool teachers and their 300 students in classrooms. To gather data, “Classroom Rules and Teacher Information Form” and “Semi-structured Play Interview Form” are used and data is qualitatively analyzed. Results showed that not only common sights between teachers’ perspectives and children’s perspectives concerning classroom rules but also some differences were established. The rules are about cleaning-order, behaviors in classroom, harmlessness. While teachers indicate that they exhibit positive attitudes in the case of not obeying the rules, children specified that teachers exhibit negative attitudes such as being anger or using punishment.

Şakire Ocak Karabay

Papers

The effects of Promoting Alternative Thinking Strategies Preschool Program on teacher-children relationships and children's social competence in Turkey.

Emotion regulation, teaching beliefs and child–teacher relationships from the perspectives of pre-school teachers

The Effects of Social Gender Equality-Oriented Educational Activities and Materials on Gender Stereotypes of Children

Classroom Management Skills of Teachers Leads to Creating Positive Classroom Climate

Classroom Rules Used by Preschool Teachers and Children’s Levels of Awareness Relating to Rules