The electrical properties of polymer nanocomposites containing a small amount of carbon
nanotube (CNT) are remarkably superior to those of conventional electronic composites. Based on three-dimensional (3D) statistical percolation and 3D resistor network modeling, the electrical properties of CNT nanocomposites, at and after percolation, were successfully predicted in this work. The numerical analysis was also extended to investigate the effects of the aspect ratio, the electrical conductivity, the aggregation and the shape of CNTs on the electrical properties of the nanocomposites. A simple empirical model was also established based on present numerical simulations to predict the electrical conductivity in several electronic composites with various fillers. This investigation further highlighted the importance
of theoretical and numerical analyses in the exploration of basic physical phenomena, such as percolation and conductivity in novel nanocomposites.

The electrical properties of polymer nanocomposites with carbon nanotube fillers

Effect of expanded graphite and modified graphite flakes on the physical and thermo-mechanical properties of styrene butadiene rubber/polybutadiene rubber (SBR/BR) blends

Remarkably improving performance of carbon black-filled rubber composites by incorporating MoS2 nanoplatelets

RCN Nomenclature and classification of clays are first summarized, highlighting the most important clay features that affect their behaviour as fillers for rubbers. The modification of clays with organophilic compensating cations, to promote their compatibilization with the polymer matrix, is then presented. The processing methods for the preparation of RCN is then discussed and the main aspects of RCN are reviewed, namely: rheology, vulcanization, barrier and mechanical properties. Finally, commercial applications of RCN are presented.

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Rubber Clay Nanocomposites

Nanocomposites based on natural rubber, organoclay and nano-calcium carbonate: Study on the structure, cure behavior, static and dynamic-mechanical properties

Styrene butadiene rubber-organoclay nanocomposites were prepared with Cloisite 15A via melt intercalation. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy indicated that the nanostructures are partially exfoliated and intercalated. The nanocomposites exhibited great improvements in tensile strength and tensile modulus. The incorporation of organoclay gave rise to considerable reduction of tan delta and increase in storage modulus in the rubbery region. It is shown that after 6 phr (parts per hundred rubber) clay loading there is not much increase in the properties. The effect of carbon black (N330) on mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties, heat build up, abrasion resistance in the nanocomposites having the optimized clay level (6 phr) was investigated. Optimum results were obtained with the addition of 25 phr carbon black. For comparison with the 6phr nanoclay and 25phr N330 (high abrasion furnace carbon black) filled SBR composites, 40 phr N330 filled SBR composites was used. The 6phr organoclay and 25phr N330 filled SBR nanocomposite showed better properties than 40phr carbon filled SBR compound. These results indicate that 6phr organoclay can be replaced by 15 phr carbon black from the conventional SBR-carbon black based tire tread compounds. The Dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) results revealed that the new tire tread compound gives better rolling resistance and comparable wet grip resistance and lower heat build up than that of conventional tread compound.

SBR-clay-carbon black hybrid nanocomposites for tire tread application

In this investigation, the emphasis is given to the partial replacement of carbon black by an optimized level of Cloisite 15A, an organoclay in a typical styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) based passenger car tire tread compound. The effect of epoxidized natural rubber with 50 % epoxidation (ENR 50) on the properties of organoclay-SBR composite was also studied. Curing studies shows that both ENR 50 and nanoclay decreases the scorch time and cure time due to the activation of an adjacent double bond by the presence of epoxide group in the ENR and the amine groups present in the organic modifier in the nanoclay structure. The incorporation of ENR showed better dispersion and exfoliation of nanoclay in the rubber matrix. Synergistic reinforcement effect of high abrasion furnace carbon black (HAF/N330) on the mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties, heat build up and abrasion resistance in the SBR–ENR–clay nanocomposites having the optimized clay level was investigated. SBR–ENR–carbon black hybrids with 25 phr N330 and 6 phr nanoclay have shown better reinforcement, significantly lower heat generation, comparable/similar rolling resistance (indicated by tan δ at 60 °C) and wet skid resistance with that of conventional SBR–carbon black (40 phr N330) loaded composites.

Sanjay Kumar Patel

Papers

SBR-clay-carbon black hybrid nanocomposites for tire tread application

Development of cooler running PCR tire tread using SBR–ENR–nano clay composite