The present invention is designed to provide a user terminal, a radio base station and a radio communication method of novel structures that can achieve a good communication environment. A radio base station non-orthogonal-multiplexes downlink signals for a plurality of user terminals over a given radio resource, a user terminal having received the downlink signals for the plurality of user terminals decodes downlink signal for another user terminal, judges whether or not the downlink signal for the other user terminal has been successfully received, based on the decoding result of the downlink signal, reports a judgement result as to whether or not the downlink signal for the other user terminal has been successfully received and a judgement result as to whether or not a downlink signal for the user terminal has been successfully received, to the radio base station, and then the radio base station executes retransmission control of downlink signals based on reports from the user terminal.

User terminal, radio base station and radio communication method

一种高速调制解调器，它通过电话线发送和接收一载频集的数字数据。 该调制解调器包括在载波之间可变地分配数据和功率，以便补偿等效噪声和使数据速率最大的系统。 此外，也介绍不需要一个均衡网络、可自适应地分配信道的控制和可跟踪线上参数变化的系统。

Ensemble modem structure for imperfect transmission media

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving, by a feed point of a dielectric antenna, electromagnetic waves from a dielectric core coupled to the feed point without an electrical return path, where at least a portion of the dielectric antenna comprises a conductive surface, directing, by the feed point, the electromagnetic waves to a proximal portion of the dielectric antenna, and radiating, via an aperture of the dielectric antenna, a wireless signal responsive to the electromagnetic waves being received at the aperture. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Method and apparatus for coupling an antenna to a device

A distributed antenna and backhaul system provide network connectivity for a small cell deployment. Rather than building new structures, and installing additional fiber and cable, embodiments described herein disclose using high-bandwidth, millimeter-wave communications and existing power line infrastructure. Above ground backhaul connections via power lines and line-of-sight millimeter-wave band signals as well as underground backhaul connections via buried electrical conduits can provide connectivity to the distributed base stations. An overhead millimeter-wave system can also be used to provide backhaul connectivity. Modules can be placed onto existing infrastructure, such as streetlights and utility poles, and the modules can contain base stations and antennas to transmit the millimeter-waves to and from other modules.

Backhaul link for distributed antenna system

A distributed antenna system is provided that frequency shifts the output of one or more microcells to a 60 GHz or higher frequency range for transmission to a set of distributed antennas. The cellular band outputs of these microcell base station devices are used to modulate a 60 GHz (or higher) carrier wave, yielding a group of subcarriers on the 60 GHz carrier wave. This group will then be transmitted in the air via analog microwave RF unit, after which it can be repeated or radiated to the surrounding area. The repeaters amplify the signal and resend it on the air again toward the next repeater. In places where a microcell is required, the 60 GHz signal is shifted in frequency back to its original frequency (e.g., the 1.9 GHz cellular band) and radiated locally to nearby mobile devices.

Remote distributed antenna system

A method performed by a network node (101) for enabling Interference Alignment, IA, of transmissions to user equipments (121-126) is provided. The network node (101) and the user equipments (121-126) are configured to be in a wireless telecommunications network (100). The network node receives signal strength values associated with more than one network node (101-107) for the user equipments (121-126), wherein each signal strength value is associated with one network node. Then, the network node schedules a first group (131) of the user equipments (121-126) on radio transmission resources that are orthogonal to radio transmission resources of at least one other group of the user equipments (121-126) when an IA gain value for each user equipment in the first group (131) passes a threshold level. The IA gain value is determined by the network node based on the received signal strength values. The network node may then enable IA of transmissions to the scheduled first group (131) of user equipments from at least two network nodes (101-103) capable of performing IA of transmissions. A network node (101) for enabling IA of transmissions to user equipments (121- 26) is also provided.

A network node and method for enabling interference alignment of transmissions to user equipments

Fifth-generation (5G) new radio (NR) holds promise in fulfilling new communication requirements that enable ubiquitous, low-latency, high-speed, and high-reliability connections among mobile devices. Compared to fourth-generation (4G) long-term evolution (LTE), new error-correcting codes have been introduced in 5G NR for both data and control channels. In this article, the specific low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes and polar codes adopted by the 5G NR standard are described. The purpose of each key component in these codes and the associated operations are explained. Performance and implementation advantages of these new codes are compared with those of 4G LTE.

Channel Coding in 5G New Radio: A Tutorial Overview and Performance Comparison with 4G LTE

This paper presents a strategy for the design of bandwidth-efficient LDPC codes with unequal error protection. Bandwidth efficiency is obtained by appropriately designing the codes for higher order constellations, assuming an AWGN channel. The irregularities of the LDPC code are designed, using the Gaussian approximation of the density evolution, to enhance the unequal error protection property of the code as well as account for the different bit error probabilities given by the higher order constellation. The proposed code design algorithm is flexible in terms of the number and proportions of protection classes. It also allows arbitrary modulation schemes. Our method combines the design of unequal error protection LDPC codes for the binary input AWGN channel with the code design for higher order constellations by dividing the variable node degree distribution into sub-degree distributions for each protection class and each level of protection from the modulation. The results show that appropriate code design for higher order constellations reduces the overall bit-error rate significantly. Furthermore, the unequal error protection capability of the code is increased, especially for high SNR.

/pdf/design-of-bandwidth-efficient-unequal-error-protection-ldpc-4wks5gpgt8.pdf

Design of bandwidth-efficient unequal error protection LDPC codes

First unequal error protection (UEP) proposals date back to the 1960's (Masnick and Wolf; 1967), but now with the introduction of scalable video, UEP develops to a key concept for the transport of multimedia data. The paper presents an overview of some new approaches realizing UEP properties in physical transport, especially multicarrier modulation, or with LDPC and Turbo codes. For multicarrier modulation, UEP bit-loading together with hierarchical modulation is described allowing for an arbitrary number of classes, arbitrary SNR margins between the classes, and arbitrary number of bits per class. In Turbo coding, pruning, as a counterpart of puncturing is presented for flexible bit-rate adaptations, including tables with optimized pruning patterns. Bitand/ or check-irregular LDPC codes may be designed to provide UEP to its code bits. However, irregular degree distributions alone do not ensure UEP, and other necessary properties of the parity-check matrix for providing UEP are also pointed out. Pruning is also the means for constructing variable-rate LDPC codes for UEP, especially controlling the check-node profile.

https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/am/2010/416797.pdf

UEP concepts in modulation and coding

A method performed by a network node (110) for enabling transmissions to a user equipment, UE (121), from transmission points, TPs, in a coordination cell area (101-105, 07) in a radio communications network (100) is provided. The network node (110) configures two or more TPs in the coordination cell area (101-105, 107) not currently serving the UE (121) to transmit signals on interference measurement, IM, resources of two or more Channel State Information, CSI, processes of the UE (121) according to three or more different interference states. The network node (110) then receives, from the UE (121), CSI reports based on the transmitted signals on the IM resources of the two or more CSI processes of the UE (121). After receiving the CSI reports, the network node (110) estimates one signal quality value for each of the three or more different interference states of the transmitted signals and at least one further signal quality value corresponding to at least one interference state that is not part of the three or more different interference states of the transmitted signals based on the received CSI reports of the two or more CSI processes. A network node (110) for enabling transmissions to a UE (121) from TPs in a coordination cell area (101-105, 107), a computer program and a carrier are also provided.

Sara Sandberg

Papers

A network node and method for enabling interference alignment of transmissions to user equipments

Channel Coding in 5G New Radio: A Tutorial Overview and Performance Comparison with 4G LTE

Design of bandwidth-efficient unequal error protection LDPC codes

UEP concepts in modulation and coding

A Method for Estimating Signal Quality of Transmission to a User Equipment from a Transmission Point