Snake venoms and the hemostatic system

Studies on the quantitative method for determination of hemorrhagic activity of Habu snake venom.

Hemorrhagic metalloproteinases from snake venoms.

Snake venom metalloproteinases:Their role in the pathogenesis of local tissue damage

Clostridium botulinum toxins.

Standardization of antivenine. II. A method for determination of antihemorrhagic potency of Habu antivenine in the presence of two hemorrhagic principles and their antibodies.

A simple and rapid method for separating two hemorrhagic principles in the venom of Trimeresurus flavoridis

In the separate paper (Ohsaka et al., 1961) it was reported that zone electrophoresis provided evidence for the presence in Habu venom of at least two hemorrhagic principles, designated as HR1 and HR2, both of which were associated with proteolytic activity on casein. The present experiment is directed to confirm the difference between HR1 and HR2 in the zone electrophoretical mobility and to examine further the possible correlation between hemorrhagic and proteolytic activities by repeat electrophoresis.

Two hemorrhagic principles derived from Habu snake venom and their difference in zone electrophoretical mobility.

Habu venom and the purified toxic principles (HR1 and HR2) were converted to toxoid with formalin. Immunogenicity was preserved well consistently if formalin was added in several steps to a final concentration of about 0.8%. An adsorbed mixed toxoid composed of purified HR1 and HR2 toxoids was proved to contain all the important antigens necessary for the protection against the envenomation by the Habu bite. Potency of the toxoid preparations can be determined by titrating the circulating antitoxins (anti-HR1 and antiHR2) of the immunized guinea pigs. A practical method for potency test was proposed, in which the potency is expressed in the relative value to a reference toxoid.

Satoru Kondo

Papers

Studies on the quantitative method for determination of hemorrhagic activity of Habu snake venom.

Standardization of antivenine. II. A method for determination of antihemorrhagic potency of Habu antivenine in the presence of two hemorrhagic principles and their antibodies.

A simple and rapid method for separating two hemorrhagic principles in the venom of Trimeresurus flavoridis

Two hemorrhagic principles derived from Habu snake venom and their difference in zone electrophoretical mobility.

Preparation and standardization of toxoid from the venom of Trimeresurus flavoviridis (Habu).