A number of closed-loop postulations to explain motor skills learning and performance phenomena have appeared recently, but each of these views suffers from either (a) logical problems in explaining the phenomena or (b) predictions that are not supported by the empirical evidence. After these difficulties are discussed, a new theory for discrete motor learning is proposed that seems capable of explaining the existing findings. The theory is based on the notion of the schema and uses a recall memory to produce movement and a recognition memory to evaluate response correctness. Some of the predictions are mentioned, research techniques and paradigms that can be used to test the predictions are listed, and data in support of the theory are presented.

A schema theory of discrete motor skill learning.

On the genesis of abstract ideas.

Pattern recognition and categorization

Méthodes : Sur une série de 31 femmes présentant des varices périnéales d’origine extrasaphéniennes ayant bénéficié d’une exploration radiologique veineuse pelvienne et de l’embolisation des veines incontinentes nous avons étudié les résultats et les corrélations anatomo-clinique entre les varices et les signes cliniques de l’insuffisance veineuse pelvienne. Un sous-groupe B de 23 patientes présentant une insuffisance veineuse pelvienne et des signes cliniques a été comparé à un groupe A de 4 patientes qui ne présentaient pas d’insuffisance veineuse pelvienne à l’exploration. Nous avons choisi d’étudier 3 signes cliniques : la douleur pelvienne et la douleur des membres inférieurs survenant au début ou pendant les règles ainsi que la dyspareunie. La symptomatologie a été évaluée sur une échelle analogique de 0 à 10 et un score clinique (de 0 à 30) a été établi en ajoutant ces 3 chiffres.

http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/BF02973687.pdf

Références bibliographiques: La fibroscopie bronchique

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the abstraction and the process of recognition. It is concerned with the successive stages of processing that are involved in the encoding of simple stimuli and with the record that each stage produces. These issues lie within the areas of perception and memory, respectively. Because the recognition of stimuli is impossible without stored information, it will also be necessary to consider learning of trace systems applicable to the classification of patterns never before seen. The process of moving from the top to the bottom may be called abstraction. In psychological research, the term abstraction has been used in two different ways. One sense of abstraction involves the selection of certain portions or aspects of an experience. A second sense refers to the classification of a stimulus into a wider or more inclusive superordinate category. The second sense of abstraction has been used primarily with the investigation of object names. This sense of abstraction does not involve selection of any physical aspect of the stimulus, but rather a relationship between a particular stimulus name and another broader category name.

Abstraction and The Process of Recognition

Schema theory has recently been extended, coupled with suitable stimulus generating, procedures, and shown to have some predictive utility. A concise summary of extended schema theory is here presented, with provisional definitions of key terms and a statement of the basic suppositions. A distinction is made between the single schema condition and the mixed schema conditions; suppositions about schema learning are offered for both cases.

/pdf/a-brief-statement-of-schema-theory-5cb74gc780.pdf

A brief statement of schema theory

Presented with a set of patterns containing two schema-defined categories, Ss were asked to sort the patterns into two categories. No instructions about relevant attributes were given, and no feedback was provided. A significant number of Ss used the schema-defined categories in sorting.

/pdf/schematic-concept-formation-demonstration-in-a-free-sorting-cu62scd3ki.pdf

Schematic concept formation: Demonstration in a free sorting task

Research in pattern perception could benefit from an efficient method for sampling unfamiliar patterns from a defined population of stimuli under conditions which allow for independent control of uncertainty (bits per stimulus), redundancy, and schema. VARGUS 7, in conjunction with the theory of Markov processes, offers these characteristics in a form requiring a minimum of computer facilities.

Vargus 7: Computed patterns from markov processes

Utilizing intact and embedded headings as processing aids with nonnarrative text

In a mixed schema task, Ss learned to distinguish among different schemata both with and without knowledge of results (KR) KR did not appear to assist schema learning These results indicate that humans can discriminate higher order variables (schemata) without external assistance

/pdf/effects-of-knowledge-of-results-on-mixed-schema-4ixqe2c15g.pdf

Selby H. Evans

Papers

A brief statement of schema theory

Schematic concept formation: Demonstration in a free sorting task

Vargus 7: Computed patterns from markov processes

Utilizing intact and embedded headings as processing aids with nonnarrative text

Effects of knowledge of results on mixed schema discrimination