Abstract Electrochemical surface oxidation of carbon black Vulcan XC-72 and multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) has been compared following potentiostatic treatments up to 168 h under condition simulating PEMFC cathode environment (60 °C, N2 purged 0.5 M H2SO4, and a constant potential of 0.9 V). The subsequent electrochemical characterization at different treatment time intervals suggests that MWNT is electrochemically more stable than Vulcan XC-72 with less surface oxide formation and 30% lower corrosion current under the investigated condition. As a result of high corrosion resistance, MWNT shows lower loss of Pt surface area and oxygen reduction reaction activity when used as fuel cell catalyst support.

http://ma.ecsdl.org/content/MA2005-02/33/1168.full.pdf

Durability Investigation of Carbon Nanotube as Catalyst Support for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Electrode

The air electrode, which reduces oxygen (O2), is a critical component in energy generation and storage applications such as fuel cells and metal/air batteries. The highest current densities are achieved with platinum (Pt), but in addition to its cost and scarcity, Pt particles in composite electrodes tend to be inactivated by contact with carbon monoxide (CO) or by agglomeration. We describe an air electrode based on a porous material coated with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), which acts as an O2 reduction catalyst. Continuous operation for 1500 hours was demonstrated without material degradation or deterioration in performance. O2 conversion rates were comparable with those of Pt-catalyzed electrodes of the same geometry, and the electrode was not sensitive to CO. Operation was demonstrated as an air electrode and as a dissolved O2 electrode in aqueous solution.

High Rates of Oxygen Reduction over a Vapor

Renewable and sustainable biobased materials: An assessment on biofibers, biofilms, biopolymers and biocomposites

Recent Development of Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies: A Review

Carbon corrosion mechanism and mitigation strategies in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC): A review

Carbon and non-carbon support materials for platinum-based catalysts in fuel cells

Perfluorosulphonic acid-based membranes such as Nafion are widely used in fuel cell applications. However, these membranes have several drawbacks, including high expense, non-eco-friendliness, and low proton conductivity under anhydrous conditions. Biopolymer-based membranes, such as chitosan (CS), cellulose, and carrageenan, are popular. They have been introduced and are being studied as alternative materials for enhancing fuel cell performance, because they are environmentally friendly and economical. Modifications that will enhance the proton conductivity of biopolymer-based membranes have been performed. Ionic liquids, which are good electrolytes, are studied for their potential to improve the ionic conductivity and thermal stability of fuel cell applications. This review summarizes the development and evolution of CS biopolymer-based membranes and ionic liquids in fuel cell applications over the past decade. It also focuses on the improved performances of fuel cell applications using biopolymer-based membranes and ionic liquids as promising clean energy.

Review of chitosan-based polymers as proton exchange membranes and roles of chitosan- supported ionic liquids

The usage of natural fiber mat has created much attention especially in soil erosion control sector due to low cost and sustainable materials. This study investigated the effectiveness of natural fiber mat made from water hyacinth stems for soil erosion control. The water hyacinth fiber mat (WHFM) was fabricated with mesh opening size of 30 mm × 30mm and tested at 30 degree slope inclinations under simulated rainfall with constant intensity. Results revealed that soil with treatment (covered by WHFM) significantly decreased sediment yields and volumes, with average 78.74% reduction efficiency compared to untreated soil (bare soil).

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/551/1/012008/pdf

Investigating the effectiveness of Water Hyacinth Fiber Mat for Soil Erosion Control

Exploring undergraduates' perceptions of white board and powerpoint lecture style presentations: A case study in Malaysia

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/551/1/012011/pdf

Seng Tong Chong

Papers

Carbon and non-carbon support materials for platinum-based catalysts in fuel cells

Review of chitosan-based polymers as proton exchange membranes and roles of chitosan- supported ionic liquids

Investigating the effectiveness of Water Hyacinth Fiber Mat for Soil Erosion Control

Exploring undergraduates' perceptions of white board and powerpoint lecture style presentations: A case study in Malaysia

Evaluation of particle removal efficiency in sedimentation tank incorporating bottom grid structure