Data Mining - Concepts and Techniques.

Data Mining Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques

物件導向軟體之架構(Object-Oriented Software Construction)探討

Aspect] is a simple and practical aspect-oriented extension to Java With just a few new constructs, AspectJ provides support for modular implementation of a range of crosscutting concerns. In AspectJ's dynamic join point model, join points are well-defined points in the execution of the program; pointcuts are collections of join points; advice are special method-like constructs that can be attached to pointcuts; and aspects are modular units of crosscutting implementation, comprising pointcuts, advice, and ordinary Java member declarations. AspectJ code is compiled into standard Java bytecode. Simple extensions to existing Java development environments make it possible to browse the crosscutting structure of aspects in the same kind of way as one browses the inheritance structure of classes. Several examples show that AspectJ is powerful, and that programs written using it are easy to understand.

An overview of AspectJ

This ebook is the first authorized digital version of Kernighan and Ritchie's 1988 classic, The C Programming Language (2nd Ed.). One of the best-selling programming books published in the last fifty years, "K&R" has been called everything from the "bible" to "a landmark in computer science" and it has influenced generations of programmers. Available now for all leading ebook platforms, this concise and beautifully written text is a "must-have" reference for every serious programmers digital library.

As modestly described by the authors in the Preface to the First Edition, this "is not an introductory programming manual; it assumes some familiarity with basic programming concepts like variables, assignment statements, loops, and functions. Nonetheless, a novice programmer should be able to read along and pick up the language, although access to a more knowledgeable colleague will help."

The C programming language

Code duplication is one of the factors that severely complicates the maintenance and evolution of large software systems. Techniques for detecting duplicated code exist but rely mostly on parsers, technology that has proven to be brittle in the face of different languages and dialects. In this paper we show that is possible to circumvent this hindrance by applying a language independent and visual approach, i.e. a tool that requires no parsing, yet is able to detect a significant amount of code duplication. We validate our approach on a number of case studies, involving four different implementation languages and ranging from 256 K up to 13 Mb of source code size.

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A language independent approach for detecting duplicated code

The rapid growth of object-oriented development over the past twenty years has given rise to many object-oriented systems that are large, complex and hard to maintain. These systems exhibit a range of problems, effectively preventing them from satisfying the evolving requirements imposed by their customers. In our paper, we address problem of understanding and reengineering such object-oriented legacy systems. The material is presented as a set of "reengineering patterns" - recurring solutions that experts apply while reengineering and maintaining object-oriented systems. The patterns distill successful techniques in planning a reengineering project, reverse-engineering, problem detection, migration strategies and software redesign. The principles and techniques described have been observed and validated in a number of industrial projects, and reflect best practice in object-oriented reengineering.

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Object-oriented reengineering patterns

Reverse engineering is the process of uncovering the design and the design rationale from a functioning software system Reverse engineering is an integral part of any successful software system, because changing requirements lead to implementations that drift from their original design In contrast to traditional reverse engineering techniques ---which analyse a single snapshot of a system--- we focus the reverse engineering effort by determining where the implementation has changed Since changes of object-oriented software are often phrased in terms of refactorings, we propose a set of heuristics for detecting refactorings by applying lightweight, object-oriented metrics to successive versions of a software system We validate our approach with three separate case studies of mature object-oriented software systems for which multiple versions are available The case studies suggest that the heuristics support the reverse engineering process by focusing attention on the relevant parts of a software system

Finding refactorings via change metrics

The severity of a reported bug is a critical factor in deciding how soon it needs to be fixed. Unfortunately, while clear guidelines exist on how to assign the severity of a bug, it remains an inherent manual process left to the person reporting the bug. In this paper we investigate whether we can accurately predict the severity of a reported bug by analyzing its textual description using text mining algorithms. Based on three cases drawn from the open-source community (Mozilla, Eclipse and GNOME), we conclude that given a training set of sufficient size (approximately 500 reports per severity), it is possible to predict the severity with a reasonable accuracy (both precision and recall vary between 0.65–0.75 with Mozilla and Eclipse; 0.70–0.85 in the case of GNOME).

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Predicting the severity of a reported bug

This book focuses on novel trends in software evolution research and its relations with other emerging disciplines. Mens and Demeyer, both authorities in the field of software evolution, do not restrict themselves to the evolution of source code but also address the evolution of other, equally important software artifacts. This book is the indispensable source for researchers and professionals looking for an introduction and comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art.

Serge Demeyer

Papers

A language independent approach for detecting duplicated code

Object-oriented reengineering patterns

Finding refactorings via change metrics

Predicting the severity of a reported bug

Software Evolution