https://researchcommons.waikato.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10289/4616/Tephrochronology%20and%20its%20application.pdf;sequence=2

Tephrochronology and its application: A review

The origin of contemporary Europeans remains contentious. We obtained a genome sequence from Kostenki 14 in European Russia dating from 38,700 to 36,200 years ago, one of the oldest fossils of anatomically modern humans from Europe. We find that Kostenki 14 shares a close ancestry with the 24,000-year-old Mal’ta boy from central Siberia, European Mesolithic hunter-gatherers, some contemporary western Siberians, and many Europeans, but not eastern Asians. Additionally, the Kostenki 14 genome shows evidence of shared ancestry with a population basal to all Eurasians that also relates to later European Neolithic farmers. We find that Kostenki 14 contains more Neandertal DNA that is contained in longer tracts than present Europeans. Our findings reveal the timing of divergence of western Eurasians and East Asians to be more than 36,200 years ago and that European genomic structure today dates back to the Upper Paleolithic and derives from a metapopulation that at times stretched from Europe to central Asia.

/pdf/genomic-structure-in-europeans-dating-back-at-least-36-200-7726ytnxq0.pdf

Genomic structure in Europeans dating back at least 36,200 years

https://www.cell.com/current-biology/pdf/S0960-9822(09)02139-3.pdf

A complete mtDNA genome of an early modern human from Kostenki, Russia

Synchronisation of palaeoenvironmental records over the last 60,000 years, and an extended INTIMATE event stratigraphy to 48,000 b2k

https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/3034.pdf

The modern human colonization of western Eurasia: When and where?

http://www.archeo.ru/struktura-1/otdel-arheologii-paleolita/pdf/2006Pyle_et_al.pdf

Wide dispersal and deposition of distal tephra during the Pleistocene ‘Campanian Ignimbrite/Y5’ eruption, Italy

In this paper all the Stone Age and Early Metal Period (ca. 8600 cal BC — 300 AD) radiocarbon dates from the Karelian Isthmus, Russia, are compiled and their archaeological usability assessed using a set of evaluation principles. The quality of radiometric dates from such a large area has rarely been methodologically examined in Finnish or North-West Russian archaeology, and is applied here for the first time on the present material. Special attention is given to the discussion on the deficiencies and limitations of the current data. Based on the 81 dates evaluated as useful, a tentative radiocarbon chronology is presented for the study area. This is generally in sequence with the chronologies of the nearby areas, but suggests some differences especially towards the end of Stone Age, as well as the presence of biases caused by taphonomic and research-related factors.

/pdf/the-good-the-bad-the-weird-stone-age-and-early-metal-period-mc86wj01cs.pdf

Sergei N. Lisitsyn

Papers

Wide dispersal and deposition of distal tephra during the Pleistocene ‘Campanian Ignimbrite/Y5’ eruption, Italy

“The good, the bad, the weird”: Stone Age and Early Metal Period radiocarbon dates and chronology from the Karelian Isthmus, North-West Russia

Kostënki 9: The chronology and lithic assemblage of a Gravettian site in Russia