Gait Analysis. An Introduction

Privacy and Freedom.

IoT-based telemedicine for disease prevention and health promotion: State-of-the-Art

Teleradiology allows medical images to be transmitted over electronic networks for clinical interpretation and for improved healthcare access, delivery, and standards. Although such remote transmission of the images is raising various new and complex legal and ethical issues, including image retention and fraud, privacy, malpractice liability, etc., considerations of the security measures used in teleradiology remain unchanged. Addressing this problem naturally warrants investigations on the security measures for their relative functional limitations and for the scope of considering them further. In this paper, starting with various security and privacy standards, the security requirements of medical images as well as expected threats in teleradiology are reviewed. This will make it possible to determine the limitations of the conventional measures used against the expected threats. Furthermore, we thoroughly study the utilization of digital watermarking for teleradiology. Following the key attributes and roles of various watermarking parameters, justification for watermarking over conventional security measures is made in terms of their various objectives, properties, and requirements. We also outline the main objectives of medical image watermarking for teleradiology and provide recommendations on suitable watermarking techniques and their characterization. Finally, concluding remarks and directions for future research are presented.

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A Review of Medical Image Watermarking Requirements for Teleradiology

Cyber Physical System (CPS) has provided an outstanding foundation to build advanced industrial systems and applications by integrating innovative functionalities through Internet of Things (IoT) and Web of Things (WoB) to enable connection of the operations of the physical reality with computing and communication infrastructures. A wide range of industrial CPS-based applications have been developed and deployed in Industry 4.0. In order to understand the development of CPS in Industry 4.0, this paper reviews the current research of CPS, key enabling technologies, major CPS applications in industries, and identifies research trends and challenges. A main contribution of this review paper is that it summarizes the current state-of-the-art CPS in Industry 4.0 from Web of Science (WoS) database (including 595 articles) and proposes a potential framework of CPS systematically.

Cyber Physical System (CPS)-Based Industry 4.0: A Survey

Since the utilization of finance self-service is getting increment, bank and financial institutions has provided various services using automatic banking systems. For better efficiency of utilization of automatic banking system, banknote recognition, performing banknote classification and counterfeit detection, is getting more important. This paper used color and UV information of bankonte for banknote recognition. We have improved the accuracy of banknote classification by classify the candidate of the kind of banknote and then applying size information of the banknote. Counterfeit detection is performed to comparing UV information of reference and input image after banknote classification. Our experimental results show that the performance of banknote classification and counterfeit detection are 99.1% and 98.3%.

A Study on the Korean Banknote Recognition Using RGB and UV Information

Digital medical images assist specialists in improving their diagnostic efficiency and in treating diseases. For example, the chest Computed Tomography (CT) images help in diagnosing the lung disease. The chest CT scan generates multiple images of a patient's lung. The size of the medical imaging data has increased with the usage of medical images. In a picture archiving and communication system, large-scale medical images must be transmitted to specialists through either wired or wireless communications and retained in the archive. Hence, medical images have to be compressed, and there should be no damage to the Region of Interest (RoI) during compression. In order to protect the RoI, image segmentation is needed to detect RoI in medical images. Among the various image segmentation methods available, the method using Level-set is robust to irregular noises. However, the problems faced in using this method include manual input of the initial contour and slow performance speed. Inputting an initial contour to the Level-set that correctly fits the object's form helps in reducing the number of repetitions. This in turn helps in improving the segmentation performance speed. However, it is difficult for a user to input an appropriate initial contour. Therefore, this paper aims at providing a method to auto-configure the initial contour in the Level-set method. Multi-resolution analysis helps in reducing the pace of the auto-configuration process of the initial contour. In addition, the volume data of a CT image is used to prevent data loss that occurs during the MRA transformation process. Studies have confirmed that the proposed method facilitates drastic improve.

Automatic lung segmentation for large-scale medical image management

To compare the diagnostic performance and interpretation time of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) for both novice and experienced readers with and without using a computer-aided detection (CAD) system for concurrent read. CAD system was developed for concurrent read in DBT interpretation. In this observer performance study, we used an enriched sample of 100 DBT cases including 70 with and 30 without breast cancers. Image interpretation was performed by four radiologists with different experience levels (two experienced and two novice). Each reader completed two reading sessions (at a minimum 2-month interval), once with and once without CAD. Three different rating scales were used to record each reader’s interpretation. Reader performance with and without CAD was reported and compared for each radiologist. Reading time for each case was also recorded. Average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values for BI-RADS scale on using CAD were 0.778 and 0.776 without using CAD, demonstrating no statistically significant differences. Results were consistent when the probability of malignancy and percentage probability of malignancy scales were used. Reading times per case were 72.07 s and 62.03 s (SD, 37.54 s vs 34.38 s) without and with CAD, respectively. The average difference in reading time on using CAD was a statistically significant decrease of 10.04 ± 1.85 s, providing 14% decrease in time. The time-reducing effect was consistently observed in both novice and experienced readers. DBT combined with CAD reduced interpretation time without diagnostic performance loss to novice and experienced readers. • The use of a concurrent DBT-CAD system shortened interpretation time.
 • The shortened interpretation time with DBT-CAD did not come at a cost to diagnostic performance to novice or experienced readers.
 • The concurrent DBT-CAD system improved the efficiency of DBT interpretation.

Decrease in interpretation time for both novice and experienced readers using a concurrent computer-aided detection system for digital breast tomosynthesis

As medical images are created, displayed, transmitted or stored in a digital form, there has been a growing interest in protecting the medical images against external/internal attackers. In this paper, we propose a dual watermarking method(DWM) to protect medical images in transmission/storage. As the proposed DWM provides both robustness and fragileness with the embedded watermarks, it can guarantee the integrity of the medical image transmitted and/or stored. In DWM, watermarks are carefully embedded avoiding the areas of region of interest(ROI) and the edge of the contents to protect the integrity of the medical image. Based on experimental results, we confirm that our DWM can detect the robust watermark accurately and detect the intentional/unintentional leakage of the transmitted or stored medical image.

Dual Watermarking Method for Integrity of Medical Images

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/5325010/5325011/05325342.pdf

Seung-Hoon Chae

Papers

A Study on the Korean Banknote Recognition Using RGB and UV Information

Automatic lung segmentation for large-scale medical image management

Decrease in interpretation time for both novice and experienced readers using a concurrent computer-aided detection system for digital breast tomosynthesis

Dual Watermarking Method for Integrity of Medical Images

SSIRI 2009 Short Paper JPEG 2000 and Digital Watermarking Technique Using in Medical Image