Obesity and overweight (ICD-10 E66).

Interestingly, community organizing and community building for health that you really wait for now is coming. It's significant to wait for the representative and beneficial books to read. Every book that is provided in better way and utterance will be expected by many peoples. Even you are a good reader or not, feeling to read this book will always appear when you find it. But, when you feel hard to find it as yours, what to do? Borrow to your friends and don't know when to give back it to her or him.

Community Organizing and Community Building for Health

The objectives of the intervention are to assess the effects of primary prevention interventions (school-based, community/home-based, clinic-based, and faith-based) on unintended pregnancies among adolescents Data sources 12 electronic bibliographic databases, 10 key journals, citations of relevant articles, and contact with authors Study selection 26 trials described in 22 published and unpublished reports that randomised adolescents to an intervention or a control group (alternate intervention or nothing) The interventions did not delay initiation of sexual intercourse in young women (pooled odds ratio 112; 95% confidence interval 096 to 130) or young men (099; 084 to 116); did not improve use of birth control by young women at every intercourse (095; 069 to 130) or at last intercourse (105; 050 to 219) or by young men at every intercourse (090; 070 to 116) or at last intercourse (125; 099 to 159); and did not reduce pregnancy rates in young women (104; 078 to 140) Four abstinence programmes and one school based sex education programme were associated with an increase in number of pregnancies among partners of young male participants (154; 103 to 229) There were significantly fewer pregnancies in young women who received a multifaceted programme (041; 020 to 083), though baseline differences in this study favoured the intervention Primary prevention strategies evaluated to date do not delay the initiation of sexual intercourse, improve use of birth control among young men and women, or reduce the number of pregnancies in young women

Interventions for preventing unintended pregnancies among adolescents

Photo novella does not entrust cameras to health specialists, policymakers, or profes sional photographers, but puts them in the hands of children, rural women, grassroots workers, and other constituents with little access to those who make decisions over their lives. Promoting what Brazilian educator Paulo Freire has termed "education for critical consciousness," photo novella allows people to document and discuss their life conditions as they see them. This process of empowerment education also enables community members with little money, power, or status to communicate to policymakers where change must occur. This paper describes photo novella's underpinnings: empowerment education, feminist theory, and documentary photography. It draws on our experience implementing the process among 62 rural Chinese women, and shows that two major implications of photo novella are its contributions to changes in consciousness and in forming policy. The camera is my tool. Through it I give a reason to everything aroun...

Empowerment through photo novella: portraits of participation

Objectives Although sex and relationship education (SRE) represents a key strand in policies to safeguard young people and improve their sexual health, it currently lacks statutory status, government guidance is outdated and a third of UK schools has poor-quality SRE. We aimed to investigate whether current provision meets young people's needs.

Design Synthesis of qualitative studies of young people's views of their school-based SRE.

Setting Eligible studies originated from the UK, Ireland, the USA, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Japan, Iran, Brazil and Sweden.

Participants Studies of students aged 4–19 in full-time education, young adults ≤19 (not necessarily in full-time education) or adults ≤25 if recalling their experiences of school-based SRE.

Results –69 publications were identified, with 55 remaining after quality appraisal (representing 48 studies). The synthesis found that although sex is a potent and potentially embarrassing topic, schools appear reluctant to acknowledge this and attempt to teach SRE in the same way as other subjects. Young people report feeling vulnerable in SRE, with young men anxious to conceal sexual ignorance and young women risking sexual harassment if they participate. Schools appear to have difficulty accepting that some young people are sexually active, leading to SRE that is out of touch with many young people's lives. Young people report that SRE can be negative, gendered and heterosexist. They expressed dislike of their own teachers delivering SRE due to blurred boundaries, lack of anonymity, embarrassment and poor training.

Conclusions SRE should be ‘sex-positive’ and delivered by experts who maintain clear boundaries with students. Schools should acknowledge that sex is a special subject with unique challenges, as well as the fact and range of young people's sexual activity, otherwise young people will continue to disengage from SRE and opportunities for safeguarding and improving their sexual health will be reduced.

https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/bmjopen/6/9/e011329.full.pdf

What do young people think about their school-based sex and relationship education? A qualitative synthesis of young people's views and experiences

This article illustrates a method used in a community empowerment project where community members and university facilitators collaborated to increase the capacity of the community. The method may have practical uses in collaborations with community groups. The six-step process enabled the community groups to accomplish their short-term community goals: developing effective after-school programs and resolving problems of damaged homes and blighted properties in a relatively short time and continuing on their collaborative work. Having a social ecological model as a conceptual framework was helpful for the community to assess their status and develop action plans. Consistent community meetings, open communication, focused community leadership, community networking, and collaboration of community organizations and a university were the factors that reinforced the empowerment process. Challenges such as maximizing limited resources and generating more participation from the community need to be resolved while the reinforcing factors are cultivated.

Collaborative community empowerment: an illustration of a six-step process.

Abstinence-only programs for preventing teen pregnancy are the only options in some states but are the programs of choice in others. Effectiveness data, however, are lacking. The SOS Adolescent Family Life Program (SOS), an abstinence-only teen pregnancy prevention program, was implemented in south central Louisiana. Peer mentoring with an abstinence and life skills curriculum comprised the major components. SOS was implemented in the same grades in the same schools with new students each year for five years. During the final years of the program, qualitative evaluation was conducted with principals, teachers, peer mentors, and students. Use of peer mentors was reaffirmed as valuable; however, quality of peer mentoring was questioned and was a major issue for improvement. Other issues included: starting sexuality education in earlier grades, updating curricula and materials, offering more interactive classes, improving peer mentor training, and using teacher input to improve educational aspects of the program. Qualitative assessments provided valuable insights for future improvement in abstinence-only programs.

A Qualitative Evaluation of the Students of Service (SOS) Program for Sexual Abstinence in Louisiana.

This article looks at current international legislation regulating child pornography, particularly at the category of virtual child pornography, or purely fictional images and textual representations of young people defined as minors This legislation has been drafted primarily with adult male pedophiles in mind in an attempt to stop harm to real children However, the legislation also inadvertently criminalizes a large, predominantly female group of manga fans who participate in online fan clubs dedicated to a Japanese manga genre known as yaoi, which celebrates love shared between fictional, so-called beautiful boys Results of this study suggest that there is insufficient research into the effects of this kind of fantasy fandom on girls and young women and that the broad scope of existing legislation, which in some jurisdictions criminalizes these fantasies, may actually be harmful to young people who need the freedom to express sexual fantasies in a secure, supportive environment

/pdf/the-international-yaoi-boys-love-fandom-and-the-regulation-2xpk8gayhz.pdf

The International yaoi boys’ love fandom and the regulation of virtual child pornography: The implications of current legislation

Objectives: This study aims to identify health status and health risks among female marriage immigrants to Korea and to provide a basis for public health strategies to address their health issues. Methods: The participants of the study were 3,069 immigrant wives. The health examination was conducted by the Korea Association of Health Promotion (KAHP) in 2008. The participants also completed self-administered questionnaires on demographic characteristics, health-related behaviors and mental health. Results: Patterns of immigrant women's health problems differed by age and country of origin. Behavior patterns also differed by their heritage, age, and years of residence in Korea. Generally Vietnamese women fell in lower ranges of disease prevalence and health risk factors in the participant group and Japanese women presented most healthy eating habits. Filipina women showed relatively high disease prevalence than any other group. Conclusion: Immigration to Korea by marriage is relatively a new phenomenon, thus continuing surveillance and research are needed to identify health risks, behavior patterns, and their relationships. Interventions and policies for the health of migrant wives, their children and families are required.

/pdf/health-status-and-associated-health-risks-among-female-4cx2do4wc5.pdf

Health Status and Associated Health Risks among Female Marriage Immigrants in Korea

The 6-step community empowerment model was replicated in communities with different geographical, racial, and age backgrounds from the original application. Resident groups of Blue Ribbon Health Panels (BRHPs) in federally funded senior housing in Pennsylvania followed the 6 steps to identify community health issues, to develop strategies to address priority issues, and to implement the strategies in collaboration with partner agencies. The 6-step model served as an operationalization strategy of community empowerment by facilitating quick accomplishments of communities' desired outcomes, legitimizing and motivating BRHP efforts. Community capacities to actively participate and collaborate influenced the model's progress in this replication study, as did partner agencies' capacities to adhere to the community-based participatory and collaborative orientation of the project. Community capacity development and partnership facilitation would be important for a community empowerment project, as well as consistent and clear communication among everyone involved in the process.

Seunghyun Yoo

Papers

Collaborative community empowerment: an illustration of a six-step process.

A Qualitative Evaluation of the Students of Service (SOS) Program for Sexual Abstinence in Louisiana.

The International yaoi boys’ love fandom and the regulation of virtual child pornography: The implications of current legislation

Health Status and Associated Health Risks among Female Marriage Immigrants in Korea

The 6-step model for community empowerment: revisited in public housing communities for low-income senior citizens.