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textPrior studies have emphasized that structural attributes are crucial to simultaneously pursuing exploration and exploitation, yet our understanding of antecedents of ambidexterity is still limited. Structural differentiation can help ambidextrous organizations to maintain multiple inconsistent and conflicting demands; however, differentiated exploratory and exploitative activities need to mobilized, coordinated, integrated, and applied. Based on this idea, we delineate formal and informal senior team integration mechanisms (i.e. contingency rewards and social integration) and formal and informal organizational integration mechanisms (i.e. cross-functional interfaces and connectedness) and examine how they mediate the relationship between structural differentiation and ambidexterity. Overall, our findings suggest that the previously asserted direct effect of structural differentiation on ambidexterity operates through informal senior team (i.e. senior team social integration) and formal organizational (i.e. cross-functional interfaces) integration mechanisms. Through this richer explanation and empirical assessment, we contribute to a greater clarity and better understanding of how organizations may effectively pursue exploration and exploitation simultaneously to achieve ambidexterity.

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Structural Differentiation and Ambidexterity: The Mediating Role of Integration Mechanisms

Growth of freestanding nano- and microstructures with complex morphologies is a highly desired aspect for real applications of nanoscale materials in various technologies. Zinc oxide tetrapods (ZnO-T), which exhibit three-dimensional (3D) shapes, are of major importance from a technological applications point of view, and thus efficient techniques for growth of different varieties of tetrapod-based networks are demanded. Here, we demonstrate the versatile and single-step synthesis of ZnO-T with different arm morphologies by a simple flame transport synthesis (FTS) approach, forming a network. Morphological evolutions and structural intactness of these tetrapods have been investigated in detail by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and micro-Raman measurements. For a deeper understanding of the crystallinity, detailed high-resolution transmission electron microscopic studies on a typical ZnO tetrapod structure are presented. The involved growth mechanism for ZnO tetrapods with various arm mor...

Direct Growth of Freestanding ZnO Tetrapod Networks for Multifunctional Applications in Photocatalysis, UV Photodetection, and Gas Sensing

The Organization Studies Summer Workshop is an annual activity, first launched in June 2005, to facilitate high-quality scholarship in organization studies. Its primary aim is to advance cutting-edge research on important topics in the field by bringing together on a Greek island, in early summer, a small and competitively selected group of scholars, who will have the opportunity to interact and share insights in a stimulating and scenic environment. Following on the tremendous success of the First Organization Studies Workshop on Santorini, we are happy to announce that the Second Workshop will take place at Saint John Hotel (http://www.saintjohn.gr), Mykonos, on 15 and 16 June 2006. Mykonos (http://www.mykonosgreece.com/, http://www.mykonos.net), a worldfamous resort with beautiful sandy beaches, unique Cycladic architecture, and unrivalled night life, will provide an ideal setting for workshop participants to relax and engage in authentic dialogue. With this workshop we aim to create a setting in which the juices of intellectual creativity will naturally flow. Because the aim of the workshop is to generate opportunities for creative interaction and intelligent conversation, the number of participants will be kept intentionally small — up to 50 papers will be accepted. Papers will be circulated in advance and participants will be urged to read them prior to the workshop. More about the practicalities and costs of the workshop will appear later on the Organization Studies website (www.egosnet.org/os).

Professional competence as ways of being: An existential ontological perspective

Iran in transition.

The role of reactants and droplet interfaces on nucleation and growth of ZnO nanorods synthesized by vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) mechanism

A diffusion-controlled kinetic model for growth of Au-catalyzed ZnO nanorods: Theory and experiment

This study aims to examine the relationship between open innovation (OI), organisational ambidexterity (OA), and entrepreneurial orientation (EO). Since OA is central to the short and long-term sur...

Exploring the relationship between open innovation and organisational ambidexterity: the moderating effect of entrepreneurial orientation

This paper presents the results of a study on the Performance implications of Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) at fifteen research centers within three public research and technology institutions (RTIs) in energy industry of Iran. Considering the sensitivity of EO construct to specific contexts, we initially developed a new scale to measure the EO of research centers; and then, investigated its consequences. Different latent interaction and multiple regression techniques were employed to investigate the effects of EO on performance indices of research centers from universalistic and contingency perspectives. It was concluded that EO has the strongest positive effect on financial performance of research centers, when they are dealing with unfavorable environmental conditions.

Performance implications of entrepreneurial orientation at public research and technology institutions

Sustainable development is becoming increasingly important in the development of business strategies. Consequently, transport activities come under particular attention due to its significant role in economic development process and its impacts on the environment. Achieving sustainability in transport sector becomes more challenging given the growing demand for any kind of transport activities. The main aim of this paper is to explore the Iranian transport sector’s sustainability barriers, and evaluate the efficiency of implemented policies and strategies in order to identify the potentials of improvement. For this purpose, an overview of the country and its transport sector in terms of energy consumption and pollutant emissions, which are two main recognized sustainability issues in Iran, will be discussed at first. Then, sustainability barriers are identified. To that end, the case study approach is used, and data are collected through documents analysis and interviewing transport planning and environment management experts. Then, the detected policies and strategies and their efficiency are discussed using the view point of transport and environment management experts by Delphi technique. The research revealed that the growing rate and the age of road vehicle fleet, outdated manufacturing standards, wasteful consumption patterns, traffic and inefficiency of public transport system are the main obstacles in the way of achieving a sustainable transport system in Iran. In addition, according to the viewpoint of experts, renovating deteriorated passenger cars, obligatory vehicle inspections, expanding subway system in metropolitans, renovating public transport vehicles and motivating private sector for investment in public transport were policies who considered having better performance. It is concluded that a sustainable transport system in Iran will be achieved only in case of changing the vehicle production and fuel consumption patterns. Also passenger travel and freight distribution should be shifted to other transport mode.

Seyed Reza Hejazi

Papers

The role of reactants and droplet interfaces on nucleation and growth of ZnO nanorods synthesized by vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) mechanism

A diffusion-controlled kinetic model for growth of Au-catalyzed ZnO nanorods: Theory and experiment

Exploring the relationship between open innovation and organisational ambidexterity: the moderating effect of entrepreneurial orientation

Performance implications of entrepreneurial orientation at public research and technology institutions

Sustainability in Iran’s Road Transport Sector: Evaluating Strategies and Policies