Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism

This article examines five common misunderstandings about case-study research: (a) theoretical knowledge is more valuable than practical knowledge; (b) one cannot generalize from a single case, therefore, the single-case study cannot contribute to scientific development; (c) the case study is most useful for generating hypotheses, whereas other methods are more suitable for hypotheses testing and theory building; (d) the case study contains a bias toward verification; and (e) it is often difficult to summarize specific case studies. This article explains and corrects these misunderstandings one by one and concludes with the Kuhnian insight that a scientific discipline without a large number of thoroughly executed case studies is a discipline without systematic production of exemplars, and a discipline without exemplars is an ineffective one. Social science may be strengthened by the execution of a greater number of good case studies.

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Five Misunderstandings About Case-Study Research

In a preferred embodiment an apex seal for a rotary combustion engine is disclosed having a hollow, thin wall, tubular, metal core member embedded in an extruded composite metal-carbon matrix. The seal is adapted to slidably engage the slot of the rotor in which it rides, and to sealingly engage the rotor housing against which it is spring and gas pressure biased. The incorporation of the hollow tubular core in the extruded seal permits a reduction in weight with no significant loss in flexural strength or wear resistance. It also provides gas pressure balance, end to end.

https://blogs.unpad.ac.id/teddykw/files/2012/07/Jurgen-Habermas-The-Theory-of-Communicative-Action-Volume-2.pdf

The Theory of Communicative Action

Evolutionary psychology is one of many biologically informed approaches to the study of human behavior. Along with cognitive psychologists, evolutionary psychologists propose that much, if not all, of our behavior can be explained by appeal to internal psychological mechanisms. What distinguishes evolutionary psychologists from many cognitive psychologists is the proposal that the relevant internal mechanisms are adaptations—products of natural selection—that helped our ancestors get around the world, survive and reproduce. To understand the central claims of evolutionary psychology we require an understanding of some key concepts in evolutionary biology, cognitive psychology, philosophy of science and philosophy of mind. Philosophers are interested in evolutionary psychology for a number of reasons. For philosophers of science —mostly philosophers of biology—evolutionary psychology provides a critical target. There is a broad consensus among philosophers of science that evolutionary psychology is a deeply flawed enterprise. For philosophers of mind and cognitive science evolutionary psychology has been a source of empirical hypotheses about cognitive architecture and specific components of that architecture. Philosophers of mind are also critical of evolutionary psychology but their criticisms are not as all-encompassing as those presented by philosophers of biology. Evolutionary psychology is also invoked by philosophers interested in moral psychology both as a source of empirical hypotheses and as a critical target.

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Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

This article aims (1) to analytically disaggregate agency into its several component elements (though these are interrelated empirically), (2) to demonstrate the ways in which these agentic dimensions interpenetrate with forms of structure, and (3) to point out the implications of such a conception of agency for empirical research. The authors conceptualize agency as a temporally embedded process of social engagement, informed by the past (in its “iterational” or habitual aspect) but also oriented toward the future (as a “projective” capacity to imagine alternative possibilities) and toward the present (as a “practical‐evaluative” capacity to contextualize past habits and future projects within the contingencies of the moment).

What is agency

Introduction 1. On hospitality: rereading Kant's cosmopolitan doctrine 2. 'The right to have rights': Hannah Arendt and the contradictions of the nation-state 3. The law of peoples, distributive justice and migrations 4. Transformations of citizenship: the case of the European Union 5. Democratic iterations: the local, the national and the global Conclusion References Index.

/pdf/the-rights-of-others-aliens-residents-and-citizens-cwycsq8v1l.pdf

The rights of others : aliens, residents, and citizens

Preface vii Acknowledgments xv 1. Introduction On the Use and Abuse of Culture 1 2. "Nous" et les "Autres" (We and the Others) Is Universalism Ethnocentric? 24 3. From Redistribution to Recognition? The Paradigm Change of Contemporary Politics 49 4. Multiculturalism and Gendered Citizenship 82 5. Deliberative Democracy and Multicultural Dilemmas 105 6. Who are "We"? Dilemmas of Citizenship in Contemporary Europe 147 7. Conclusion What Lies beyond the Nation-State? 178 Notes 187 Bibliography 215 Index 231

The Claims of Culture: Equality and Diversity in the Global Era

Introduction: The Democratic Moment and the Problem of Difference3Pt. 1Democratic Theory: Foundations and Perspectives191Three Normative Models of Democracy212Fugitive Democracy313Using Power/Fighting Power: The Polity464Toward a Deliberative Model of Democratic Legitimacy675Procedure and Substance in Deliberative Democracy956Communication and the Other: Beyond Deliberative Democracy120Pt. 2Equality, Difference, and Public Representation1377Dealing with Difference: A Politics of Ideas, or a Politics of Presence?1398Three Forms of Group-Differentiated Citizenship in Canada1539Diversity and Democracy: Representing Differences17110Democracy, Difference, and the Right of Privacy18711Gender Equity and the Welfare State: A Postindustrial Thought Experiment218Pt. 3Culture, Identity, and Democracy24312Democracy, Power, and the "Political"24513Difference, Dilemmas, and the Politics of Home25714Democracy and Multiculturalism27815The Performance of Citizenship: Democracy, Gender, and Difference in the French Revolution29516Peripheral Peoples and Narrative Identities: Arendtian Reflections on Late Modernity314Pt. 4Does Democracy Need Foundations?33117Idealizations, Foundations, and Social Practices33318Democratic Theory and Democratic Experience33619Democracy, Philosophy, and Justification34020Foundationalism and Democracy348List of Contributors361Index365

Seyla Benhabib

Papers

The rights of others : aliens, residents, and citizens

The Claims of Culture: Equality and Diversity in the Global Era

Democracy and difference : contesting the boundaries of the political

Situating the Self: Gender, Community and Postmodernism in Contemporary Ethics.

Situating the Self: Gender, Community and Postmodernism in Contemporary Ethics.