Fermentation-enabled wellness foods: A fresh perspective

Efficient media for high menaquinone-7 production: Response surface methodology approach

Methods and devices are provided for manipulating droplets on a support using surface tension properties, moving the droplets along a predetermined path and merging two droplets together enabling a number of chemical reactions. Disclosed are methods for controlling the droplets volumes. Disclosed are methods and devices for synthesizing at least one oligonucleotide having a predefined sequence. Disclosed are methods and devices for synthesizing and/or assembling at least one polynucleotide product having a predefined sequence from a plurality of different oligonucleotides having a predefined sequence. In exemplary embodiments, the methods involve synthesis and/or amplification of different oligonucleotides immobilized on a solid support, release of synthesized/amplified oligonucleotides in solution to form droplets, recognition and removal of error-containing oligonucleotides, moving or combining two droplets to allow hybridization and/or ligation between two different oligonucleotides, and further chain extension reaction following hybridization and/or ligation to hierarchically generate desired length of polynucleotide products.

Methods and Microfluidic Devices for the Manipulation of Droplets in High Fidelity Polynucleotide Assembly

Vitamin K health benefits have been recently widely shown to extend beyond blood homeostasis and implicated in chronic low-grade inflammatory diseases such as cardiovascular disease, osteoarthritis, dementia, cognitive impairment, mobility disability, and frailty. Novel and more efficient nutritional and therapeutic options are urgently needed to lower the burden and the associated health care costs of these age-related diseases. Naturally occurring vitamin K comprise the phylloquinone (vitamin K1), and a series of menaquinones broadly designated as vitamin K2 that differ in source, absorption rates, tissue distribution, bioavailability, and target activity. Although vitamin K1 and K2 sources are mainly dietary, consumer preference for diet supplements is growing, especially when derived from marine resources. The aim of this review is to update the reader regarding the specific contribution and effect of each K1 and K2 vitamers in human health, identify potential methods for its sustainable and cost-efficient production, and novel natural sources of vitamin K and formulations to improve absorption and bioavailability. This new information will contribute to foster the use of vitamin K as a health-promoting supplement, which meets the increasing consumer demand. Simultaneously, relevant information on the clinical context and direct health consequences of vitamin K deficiency focusing in aging and age-related diseases will be discussed.

https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/1/138/pdf

Vitamin K as a Diet Supplement with Impact in Human Health: Current Evidence in Age-Related Diseases.

There is disclosed a process for in vitro synthesis and assembly of long, gene-length polynucleotides based upon assembly of multiple shorter oligonucleotides synthesized in situ on a microarray platform. Specifically, there is disclosed a process for in situ synthesis of oligonucleotide fragments on a solid phase microarray platform and subsequent, “on device” assembly of larger polynucleotides composed of a plurality of shorter oligonucleotide fragments.

Microarray Synthesis and Assembly of Gene-Length Polynucleotides

Production of menaquinone (vitamin K2)-7 by Bacillus subtilis

PURPOSE: To obtain the subject lipid having high safety as an (auxiliary)food, being colorless and odorless, free from problem on taste and useful for preventing and treating hemorrhage and osteoporosis by taking out from a food raw material fermented with Bacillus subtilis represented by Bacillus natto. CONSTITUTION: This lipid is taken out from a food raw material fermented, e.g. at >=42 deg.C for >=48hr with Bacillus subtilis such as Bacillus natto under conditions not causing decomposition of natural menaquinone-7 using a purification method such as solvent extraction with solvent, fractionation with solvent, absorption fractionation, molecular distillation, steam distillation, chromatography or separation with membrane. This lipid is obtained by adding isopropyl alcohol to fermented soybean, powdering the fermented soybean, adding n-hexane thereto, re-powdering the fermented soybean, filtering the filtrate, collecting n-hexane layer, distilling the solvent away to afford the residue and subjecting the residue to steam treatment so as to remove odor.

Lipid having high natural menaquinone-7 content

PURPOSE:To obtain a food material having a high vitamin K content so as to enable daily intake of a large amount of vitamin K considered effective for preventing osteoporosis. CONSTITUTION:In fermenting a food material such as soybean soup, bean-curd refuse, soybean cake or seed coat of soybean with Bacillus natto, the fermentation is carried out at 42-50 deg.C for >=48 hours.

Production of food material having high vitamin k content

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently obtain the subject concentrate acting as a factor necessary for the coagulation of blood and also related to bone metabolisms by insolubilizing vitamin K2 -containing water-soluble micelles contained in the culture solution of Bacillus subtilis and subsequently separating and recovering the water-insoluble micelles. SOLUTION: This method for producing a concentrated vitamin K2 product comprises insolubilizing vitamin K2 -containing water-soluble micelles contained in the culture solution of Bacillus subtilis (preferably Bacillus natto) and subsequently separating and recovering the water-insoluble product by a centrifugal method or a membrane concentration method. The insolubilization of the micelles is carried out by adjusting the pH of the culture solution of e.g. a soybean broth to =10% saturation degree or adding >=10 pts.vol. of an organic solvent (e.g. methanol or ethanol) to 100 pts.vol. of the culture solution.

Production of concentrated vitamin k2 product

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To inexpensively obtain a large amount of vitamin K useful as a remedy for osteoporosis, having osteogenesis-promoting activity and osteroclasis- suppressive activity by adding a specified amount of glycerol to soybean broth, and after pH adjustment, inoculating the above mixture with Bacillus natto, followed by culturing according to a conventional method. SOLUTION: The objective vitamin K useful as a remedy for osteoporosis, etc., having osteogenesis-promoting activity and asteoclasis suppressive activity and clearly capable of increasing the bone density through its administration, and useful for inexpensive production of cultured product having extremely high vitamin K content, is inexpensively obtained in large amount by diluting soybean broth as a by-product during natto production to make a concentration as Brix of 5-10%, adjusting it to pH 7, adding glycerol at ≥1 wt.%, preferably, at 3-10 wt.%, putting the mixture into a jar fermenter, then, inoculating it with Bicillus natto, and culturing the inoculated system for 4 days at 40°C under aerated stirring. COPYRIGHT: (C)1998,JPO

Shin Araki

Papers

Production of menaquinone (vitamin K2)-7 by Bacillus subtilis

Lipid having high natural menaquinone-7 content

Production of food material having high vitamin k content

Production of concentrated vitamin k2 product

Production of vitamin k