Nowadays, solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) based on natural biopolymeric macromolecules such as cellulose and its derivatives have demonstrated great potential over their synthetic counterparts due to their natural abundance, low cost of production, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. However, the low ionic conductivity of these polymers has been a serious challenge and needs to be optimized to meet demands for practical applications. Herein, the response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) were employed to predict and optimize the performance of pectin/methylcellulose (PC/MC) based SPE complexed with potassium phosphate (K3PO4) and glycerol. RSM analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the interactive behaviour of both K3PO4 and glycerol, particularly at higher potassium salt content has an enormous influence on ionic conductivity and potential window of the SPE. After numerical optimization, an optimum interaction (∼3 × 10−4 Scm−1, 4.19 V) was achieved at 60 wt.% and 41.37 wt.% of K3PO4 and glycerol respectively. 

A new approach to understanding the interaction effect of salt and plasticizer on solid polymer electrolytes using statistical model and artificial intelligence algorithm

In this research, nanocomposite solid polymer electrolytes (NCSPEs) comprising methylcellulose/pectin (MC/PC) blend as host polymer, ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) as an ion source, and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) as nanofillers were synthesized via a solution cast methodology. Techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) were employed to characterize the electrolyte. FTIR confirmed that the polymers, NH4Cl salt, and ZnO nanofiller interact with one another appreciably. EIS demonstrated the feasibility of achieving a conductivity of 3.13 × 10−4 Scm−1 for the optimum electrolyte at room temperature. Using the dielectric formalism technique, the dielectric properties, energy modulus, and relaxation time of NH4Cl in MC/PC/NH4Cl and MC/PC/NH4Cl/ZnO systems were determined. The contribution of chain dynamics and ion mobility was acknowledged by the presence of a peak in the imaginary portion of the modulus study. The LSV measurement yielded 4.55 V for the comparatively highest conductivity NCSPE.

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Substantial Proton Ion Conduction in Methylcellulose/Pectin/Ammonium Chloride Based Solid Nanocomposite Polymer Electrolytes: Effect of ZnO Nanofiller

In this paper, we have used polymer polyethylene oxide as a host matrix and novel electrolyte ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tricyanomethanide as an dopant to increase ionic mobility. Different characterization techniques like Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, dielectric measurement, Fourier transform, X-ray diffraction, polarized optical microscopy, thermogravinometric analysis were used to identify the electrical, optical, structural and thermal properties. A laboratory scale supercapacitor has been fabricated using optimized solid polymer electrolyte film as an electrolyte and porous carbon derived from corn starch which shows a specific capacitance 13.6 F/g at 50 mV/s scan rate.

Ionic liquid doped solid polymer electrolyte: Synthesis, characterization and applications ICSEM-2021

In this research, innovative green and sustainable solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) based on plasticized methylcellulose/polyvinyl pyrrolidone/potassium carbonate (MC/PVP/K2CO3) were examined. The MC/PVP/K2CO3 SPE system with five distinct ethylene carbonate (EC) concentrations as a plasticizer was successfully designed. Frequency-dependent conductivity plots were used to investigate the conduction mechanism of the SPEs. Electrochemical potential window stability and the cation transfer number of the SPEs were studied via linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and transference number measurement (TNM), respectively. Additionally, the structural behavior of the SPEs was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. The SPE film complexed with 15 wt.% EC measured a maximum conductivity of 3.88 × 10−4 Scm−1. According to the results of the transference number examination, cations that record a transference number of 0.949 are the primary charge carriers. An EDLC was fabricated based on the highest conducting sample that recorded a specific capacitance of 54.936 Fg−1 at 5 mVs−1.

/pdf/innovative-methylcellulose-polyvinyl-pyrrolidone-based-solid-181wafwn.pdf

Innovative Methylcellulose-Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone-Based Solid Polymer Electrolytes Impregnated with Potassium Salt: Ion Conduction and Thermal Properties

Potassium resources are at the top of the list of options, not only due to their availability but also due to their comparable physical and chemical similarities to lithium. In order to fabricate the K-ion-conducting electrochemical devices, the development of electrolytes is as important as that of the electrodes. The key challenges in developing K-ion conducting electrolytes include the extreme side reactions at the electrolyte and potassium metal, the unstable electrolyte/electrode interface, and poor coulombic efficiency. Polymer electrolytes possess the same ion-transport characteristics as liquid electrolytes. This review examines the recent advances and prospects of K-ions conducting polymer electrolytes. This review highlights the key challenges of solid polymer electrolytes, viz. conventional solid polymer electrolytes, blended polymer electrolytes, and nanocomposite polymer electrolytes. A comprehensive discussion on using carbonate, glymes, and ionic liquid-based K-ion conducting electrolytes is also provided. The timeline development and possible applications of the K-ion conducting electrolytes is discussed. The future directions for exploring the hidden potential of K-ion conducting polymer gel electrolytes for electrochemical systems are summarized. 

Recent advances and prospects of K-ion conducting polymer electrolytes

Ionic liquid incorporated poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) doped with potassium iodide (KI) solid polymer electrolyte for energy device

Ionic liquid incorporated polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) doped with ammonium iodide (NH4I) doped solid polymer electrolyte for energy device

Ionic liquid (IL) is now being considered as a novel contender in the development of highly conducting polymer electrolytes rather than a solvent. It has a significant impact on the electrochemical performance of polymer electrolytes. This study emphasizes the significance of low viscosity IL dispersion within a polymer (PVA) matrix. The electrical, structural and photoelectrochemical properties of the IL-doped polymer electrolyte are discussed in detail. These highly conducting IL doped solid polymer electrolytes show promise towards the development of highly efficient supercapacitors.

Shreya Mathela

Papers

Ionic liquid incorporated poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) doped with potassium iodide (KI) solid polymer electrolyte for energy device

Ionic liquid incorporated polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) doped with ammonium iodide (NH4I) doped solid polymer electrolyte for energy device

Ionic liquid dispersed highly conducting polymer electrolyte for supercapacitor application: Current scenario and prospects “ICSEM 2021”