This work investigated the elimination of Methyl Orange (MO) using a new adsorbent prepared from Activated Carbon (AC) with polyaniline reinforced by a simple oxidation chemical method. The prepared materials were characterized using XRD, TGA, FTIR and nitrogen adsorption isotherms. Furthermore, PANI@CA highest specific surface area values (near 332 m2 g−1) and total mesoporous volume (near 0.038 cm3 g−1) displayed the better MO removal capacity (192.52 mg g−1 at 298 K and pH 6.0), which is outstandingly higher than that of PANI (46.82 mg g−1). Besides, the process’s adsorption, kinetics, and isothermal analysis were examined using various variables such as pH, MO concentration and contact time. To pretend the adsorption kinetics, various kinetics models, the pseudo first- and pseudo second- orders, were exercised to the experimental results. The kinetic analysis revealed that the pseudo second order rate law performed better than the pseudo first order rate law in promoting the formation of the chemisorption phase. In the case of isothermal studies, an analysis of measured correlation coefficient (R2) values showed that the Langmuir model was a better match to experimental results than the Freundlich model. By regeneration experiments after five cycles, acceptable results were observed.

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Anionic Methyl Orange Removal from Aqueous Solutions by Activated Carbon Reinforced Conducting Polyaniline as Adsorbent: Synthesis, Characterization, Adsorption Behavior, Regeneration and Kinetics Study

The quest for organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) with low operating voltage has become highly compelling in many application areas, such as medical sensors, radio frequency identification (RFID), wearable and stretchable technologies, etc. To this end, considerable efforts have been devoted to decreasing the operation voltage of OFETs while retaining high performance over the last few decades. This Review focuses on the recent progress in the field of low-voltage OFETs. The critical factors to realize low-voltage OFETs are analyzed systematically through establishing the relationships between the operation voltage and subthreshold swing. Further on the strategic approaches for lowering the operation voltage, increasing gate dielectric capacitance, reducing the trap density within the semiconductor layer or at device interfaces, and using the negative capacitor effect, are summarized and discussed. We conclude with an overview of these critical methods and the key challenges to enable the laboratory-to-production transition. 

Low-Voltage Organic Field-Effect Transistors: Challenges, Progress, and Prospects

The construction of fibrous ionic conductors and sensors with large stretchability, low-temperature tolerance, and environmental stability is highly desired for practical wearable devices yet is challenging. Herein, metallogels (MOGs) with a rapidly reversible force-stimulated sol-gel transition were employed and encapsulated into a hollow thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) microfiber through a simple coaxial spinning. The resultant MOG@TPE coaxial fiber exhibited a high stretchability (>100%) in a broad temperature range (-50 to 50 °C). The MOG@TPE fibrous strain sensor demonstrated a high-yet-linear working curve, fast response time (<100 ms), highly stable conductivity under large deformation, and excellent cycling stability (>3000 cycles). The MOG@TPE fibrous sensors were demonstrated to be directly attached to the human skin to monitor the real-time movements of large/facet joints of the elbow, wrist, finger, and knee. It is believed that the present work for preparing the stretchable ionic conductive fibers holds great promise for applications in fibrous wearable sensors with broad temperature range, large stretchability, stable conductivity, and high wearing comfort.

Stretchable, Environment-Stable, and Knittable Ionic Conducting Fibers Based on Metallogels for Wearable Wide-Range and Durable Strain Sensors.

The photoelectric response of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) will cause severe photoelectric interference, which hinders the applications of OFETs in the light environment. It is highly challenging to relieve this problem because of the high photosensitivity of most organic semiconductors. Here, we propose an efficient "exciton-polaron quenching" strategy to suppress the photoelectric response and thus construct highly photostable OFETs by utilizing a polymer electrolyte dielectric─poly(acrylic acid) (PAA). This dielectric produces high-density polarons in organic semiconductors under a gate electric field that quench the photogenerated excitons with high efficiency (∼70%). As a result, the OFETs with PAA dielectric exhibit unprecedented photostability against strong light irradiation up to 214 mW/cm2, which far surpasses the reported values and solar irradiance value (∼138 mW/cm2). The strategy shows high universality in OFETs with different OSCs and electrolytes. As a demonstration, the photostable OFET can stably drive an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) under light irradiation. This work presents an efficient exciton modulation strategy in OSC and proves a high potential in practical applications.

Polymer Electrolyte Dielectrics Enable Efficient Exciton-Polaron Quenching in Organic Semiconductors for Photostable Organic Transistors.

Si@Ti3C2Tx with Si nanoparticles embedded in a 3D conductive network of crumpled Ti3C2Tx nanosheets for the anode of lithium-ion batteries with enhanced cycling performance

Conductive polymers are considered promising electrode materials for organic transistors, but the reported devices with conductive polymer electrodes generally suffer from considerable contact resistance. Currently, it is still highly challenging to pattern conductive polymer electrodes on organic semiconductor surfaces with good structure and interface quality. Herein, we develop an in situ polymerization strategy to directly pattern the top-contacted polypyrrole (PPy) electrodes on hydrophobic surfaces of organic semiconductors by microchannel templates, which is also applicable on diverse hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces. Remarkably, a width-normalized contact resistance as low as 1.01 kΩ·cm is achieved in the PPy-contacted transistors. Both p-type and n-type organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) exhibit ideal electrical characteristics, including almost hysteresis-free, low threshold voltage, and good stability under long-term test. The facile patterning method and high device performance indicate that the in situ polymerization strategy in confined microchannels has application prospects in all-organic, transparent, and flexible electronics.

Directly Patterning Conductive Polymer Electrodes on Organic Semiconductor via In Situ Polymerization in Microchannels for High-Performance Organic Transistors.

Low-voltage polymer-dielectric-based organic field-effect transistors and applications

The invention provides a pressure sensor and a manufacturing method thereof The pressure sensor comprises a grid electrode, an insulating layer formed on the grid electrode, a semiconductor layer formed on the insulating layer and an electrode layer formed on the semiconductor layer, wherein the electrode layer comprises a second insulating layer, a source electrode and a drain electrode, and thesource electrode and the drain electrode are formed between the semiconductor layer and the second insulating layer and are respectively positioned on the two sides of the second insulating layer The source electrode comprises a first micro-structure layer with conductive performance, and the drain electrode comprises a second micro-structure layer with conductive performance According to the pressure sensor and the manufacturing method thereof, when the second insulating layer is subjected to low pressure and ultralow pressure, the magnitude of the pressure can also be obtained through thecurrent change between the first micro-structure layer and the second micro-structure layer Therefore, the sensitivity of the whole pressure sensor can be improved

Shujing Guo

Papers

Directly Patterning Conductive Polymer Electrodes on Organic Semiconductor via In Situ Polymerization in Microchannels for High-Performance Organic Transistors.

Low-voltage polymer-dielectric-based organic field-effect transistors and applications

Pressure sensor and manufacturing method thereof