Probability Distributions.- Linear Models for Regression.- Linear Models for Classification.- Neural Networks.- Kernel Methods.- Sparse Kernel Machines.- Graphical Models.- Mixture Models and EM.- Approximate Inference.- Sampling Methods.- Continuous Latent Variables.- Sequential Data.- Combining Models.

Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning

How has Japan become a major economic power, a world leader in the automotive and electronics industries? What is the secret of their success? The consensus has been that, though the Japanese are not particularly innovative, they are exceptionally skilful at imitation, at improving products that already exist. But now two leading Japanese business experts, Ikujiro Nonaka and Hiro Takeuchi, turn this conventional wisdom on its head: Japanese firms are successful, they contend, precisely because they are innovative, because they create new knowledge and use it to produce successful products and technologies. Examining case studies drawn from such firms as Honda, Canon, Matsushita, NEC, 3M, GE, and the U.S. Marines, this book reveals how Japanese companies translate tacit to explicit knowledge and use it to produce new processes, products, and services.

The knowledge-creating company : how Japanese companies create the dynamics of innovation

On Educational psychology: A cognitive view.

https://homepages.fhv.at/hgb/New-Papers/CMAME07_BS07b.pdf

Robust Optimization - A Comprehensive Survey

Sustainability in the construction industry: A review of recent developments based on LCA

We propose a spectral analysis to evaluate the coordination of gait and mental task. Our hypothesis is that when the mental workloads and the gait control are coherent, the capability to prepare for a perturbation is enhanced. Thirty volunteers walked with harness on instrumented treadmill. Two different levels of computations (1 and 2 digits additions) were introduced to the subjects. A bicycle break was applied, to grab and pull a light weight polyurethane rod attached to each subject’s shoe heel, causing unexpected tripping effect. The results show that there is no significant phase spectrum effect, but significant amplitude effect of cross-spectrum. For those subjects could not recover from the perturbation within one step, the entropy of the cross-periodogram are significantly decayed due to the increase mental workload.

Coupling gait and mental workload

Aging is a phenomenon that can be observed in biological and mechanical systems. The quest for a general explanation of aging invites us to consider the underlying theory of systems failure known as reliability theory. The objective of this paper is to probabilistically investigate the trends of human aging in different age groups based on their annual mortality rate due to certain disease. Data of two leading causes of death from 2005 to 2008 were analyzed, to determine the significance of the mortality decrease in individual age group, and the sensitivity of each disease with respect to age.

Application of probability theory to analyze impact of disease on human life expectancy

The interfacial fracture toughness between bovine cortical bone and various cements has been experimentally determined by several researchers, but the data is difficult to interpret and to apply in designing implants. This is mainly due to a large amount of apparent scatter resulting from the variation of the bone morphology. The failure strengths at the interface are governed by the localized high stress gradient and may hence be treated by the modify Weibull failure theory developed by the authors. The goal of this study is to obtain a probabilistic mechanistic interpretation of how bones fail and how the debonding of bone-cement interfaces occurs.

A probabilistic fracture mechanics criterion for bone-cement interface

In recent years, thanks to their significant advantages such as compactness, large torque-to-weight ratio, large transmission ratios, reduced noise and vibrations, internal gears have been used in automotive and aerospace applications especially in planetary gear drives. Although internal gears have a number of advantages, they have not been studied sufficiently. Internal gears are manufactured by pinion type cutters which are nearly identical with pinion gear except the addendum factor which is 1.25 instead of 1. The tip geometry of a pinion type cutter which determines the fillet of internal gear tooth can be sharp or rounded. In this study, the design of internal gears were investigated by using a traditional approach. Mathematical equations of pinion type cutter were obtained by using differential geometry, then the equations of internal gear tooth were derived accurately by using coordinate transformations and relative motion between the pinion type cutter and internal gear blank. A computer program was generated to attain points of internal gear teeth and three dimensional design of complete gear. 20°-20° were used as pressure angle. To find optimum internal gear geometry, different rim thicknesses and shapes are tried out for finite element analyses. There were several parameters that were shown to effect the performance of the internal gears, with tooth stiffness being the most significant parameter. Tooth stiffness was also vitally influence the dynamic analysis. In order to compute gear tooth stiffness of the internal gear with various rim thicknesses and shapes, finite element analysis was used. A static analysis was performed to assess the gear bending stress and tooth displacement. Tetrahedral element type was selected for meshing. The internal gear outer ring was fixed and the force of 2500 N was applied on the tooth. According to the displacement values from the analysis internal gear tooth stiffness were calculated individually. Additionally, the effect of root bending stress with varying rim thickness, shapes, and root radius were investigated. The bending stresses were calculated according to ISO 6336 and using finite element analysis were shown to be in good agreement. It was shown that when the rim thickness and fillet radius were increased, the maximum bending stresses decreased considerably. As rim thickness was increased, the maximum bending stress decreased nearly 23%. It was also shown that as the fillet radius decreased, the maximum bending stress increased, whereas the rim stresses slightly changed. As the fillet radius was decreased, the maximum bending stress increased nearly 10%. It was also observed that when rim thickness was increased, the stress on the rim was decreased, whereas tooth stiffness was increased. However, fillet radius had no visible effect both on rim stress and tooth stiffness. Furthermore, it was shown that the rim shape had significant effect on rim stress.Copyright © 2015 by ASME

Design and Analysis of Internal Gears With Different Rim Thickness and Shapes

This paper investigates the use of convolutional neural networks (CNN) to automatically detect aerodynamic imbalances in horizontal axis wind turbines (WTs). The database is assembled with low-frequency acquisition rates, similar to those obtained using supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. The methodology considers imbalances caused by pitch errors only, which might occur due to installation faults or pitch control errors. The measured raw data is initially processed using traditional statistical techniques. Next, the Gramian Angular Field (GAF) method is used to transform the statistical data into images, and then, a CNN is trained to identify aerodynamic rotor imbalance. The proposed methodology is evaluated under numerical simulations of a 1.5 MW wind turbine, and the accuracy and feasibility of the method are demonstrated. The paper demonstrates that it is possible to detect an aerodynamic imbalance in wind turbine rotors from statistics descriptors of nacelle IMU translational accelerations and wind speeds, considering a sampling frequency of above 0.05 Hz, and using an artificial intelligence technique.

Stephen Ekwaro-Osire

Papers

Coupling gait and mental workload

Application of probability theory to analyze impact of disease on human life expectancy

A probabilistic fracture mechanics criterion for bone-cement interface

Design and Analysis of Internal Gears With Different Rim Thickness and Shapes

Wind Turbine Rotor aerodynamic imbalance detection using CNN