The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: Report from the standardistation sub-committee of the International Continence Society.

The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: report from the Standardisation Sub-committee of the International Continence Society.

The standardisation of terminology in lower urinary tract function: report from the standardisation sub-committee of the International Continence Society.

The detection of psychiatric illness by questionnaire

http://2015.iuga.org/wp-content/uploads/workshops/ws15_rbump.pdf

The standardization of terminology of female pelvic organ prolapse and pelvic floor dysfunction

Epidemiology of surgically managed pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence.

Background:

Approximately 0·6–9 per cent of vaginal deliveries are complicated by third-degree tears. The precise impact of such injuries on future pelvic floor function remains unknown. The aim of this study was to define the extent of structural and physiological damage to the anal sphincter and to investigate anorectal function in women who sustained third-degree tears during vaginal delivery.



Methods:

Fifty-six women who sustained a third-degree tear were investigated prospectively. All patients had a primary repair of the anal sphincter complex, and were assessed by anorectal physiology and endoanal ultrasonography at a mean of 3·6 months. Symptoms were assessed by direct personal interview and also by a self-completed questionnaire.



Results:

Forty-four patients had a persistent anal sphincter defect on ultrasonography. The mean resting and squeeze anal canal pressures were significantly lower in patients with a combined defect than in those in whom the repair was intact (P = 0·036 and P = 0·005 respectively). At direct interview three patients volunteered current symptoms of faecal and/or urinary incontinence whereas 32 reported bothersome symptoms on the questionnaire (P < 0·001).



Conclusion:

The anatomical and physiological damage sustained during third-degree tears appears to be much greater than is generally appreciated. Primary repair does not provide lasting integrity. A self-administered questionnaire appears to be more accurate in defining the symptomatology. Copyright © 2003 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Stuart L. Stanton

Papers

Symptoms and anal sphincter morphology following primary repair of third-degree tears.

Urilos: The practical detection of urine loss

Women's attitudes to urodynamics: a questionnaire survey.

Incontinence in elderly women: is periurethral collagen an advance?

Treatment of delayed onset of spontaneous voiding after surgery for incontinence