Showing papers by "Sui-Yuan Chang published in 2018"
TL;DR: While the rates of virological failure varied with the nN RTI used, the rate of emergent RAMs of HIV-1 to NRTIs and nNRTIs among the antiretroviral-naïve patients who failed nNNRTI-containing cART remained low.
Abstract: Background Increasing trends of resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) to non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (nNRTIs) have raised concerns about the effectiveness of the regimens in the national HIV treatment programs in resource-limited countries. We aimed to retrospectively investigate the incidence and patterns of emergent RAMs of HIV-1 in HIV-positive adults experiencing virological failure to first-line nNRTI-containing combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in Taiwan. Patients and methods Between June 2012 and March 2016, 1138 antiretroviral-naive HIV-positive adults without baseline RAMs who initiated nNRTI-containing regimens were included for analysis. Virological failure was defined as plasma viral load (PVL) ≥200 copies/mL after 6 months of cART or confirmed PVL ≥200 copies/mL after achieving PVL <50 copies/mL. Population sequencing was retrospectively performed to detect baseline and emergent RAMs. RAMs were interpreted using the International AIDS Society-USA 2016 mutations list. Results Seventy-one patients (6.2%) developed virological failure, which occurred in 14.8% (43/291), 3.9% (26/675), and 1.2% (2/172) of patients receiving 2 nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) plus nevirapine, efavirenz, and rilpivirine, respectively. Among those, 53 (74.6%) had emergent RAMs identified, which included 43 (81.1%), 53 (100.0%), and 1 (1.9%) with RAMs to NRTIs, nNRTIs, and protease inhibitors, respectively; and 43 (81.1%) had multi-drug resistance. The most common emergent RAMs to NRTIs were M184V/I (42.3%) and K65R (28.2%), and those to nNRTIs were Y181C (42.3%), K103N (15.5%), G190A/E/Q (12.7%), V179D/E (12.7%), and V108I (9.9%). Conclusion While the rates of virological failure varied with the nNRTI used, the rate of emergent RAMs of HIV-1 to NRTIs and nNRTIs among the antiretroviral-naive patients who failed nNRTI-containing cART remained low.
10 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that magnolol could effectively lower the plasma triglyceride levels in APOA5 c.553G>T variant carrier mice and facilitate the triglyceride metabolism in postprandial hypertriglyceridemia.
Abstract: Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor of arteriosclerosis, stroke, and other coronary heart disease, which has been shown to correlate with single nucleotide polymorphisms of genes essential for lipid metabolism, such as lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5). In this study, the effect of magnolol, the main active component extracted from Magnolia officinalis, on LPL activity was investigated. A dose-dependent up-regulation of LPL activity, possibly through increasing LPL mRNA transcription, was observed in mouse 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes cultured in the presence of magnolol for 6 days. Subsequently, a transgenic knock-in mice carrying APOA5 c.553G>T variant was established and then fed with corn oil with or without magnolol for four days. The baseline plasma triglyceride levels in transgenic knock-in mice were higher than those in wild-type mice, with the highest increase occurred in homozygous transgenic mice (106 mg/dL vs 51 mg/dL, p T variant carrier mice and facilitate the triglyceride metabolism in postprandial hypertriglyceridemia.
8 citations
TL;DR: DTG and RPV is a novel two-drug antiretroviral combination regimen that can be effectively and safely used in patients with viral suppression for 6 months or longer, however, its use in Patients with a previous history of virological failure and/or antireTroviral resistance warrants further investigation.
Abstract: Purpose of reviewWith prolonged life expectancy in HIV-positive patients on combination antiretroviral therapy, the quest for reducing lifelong drug exposure and minimizing or avoiding the toxicities of combination antiretroviral therapy while maintaining viral suppression has emerged when coformula
3 citations
Patent•
08 Feb 2018
TL;DR: In this article, a cancer initiating cell comprising an isolated coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor positive mouse pulmonary stem/progenitor cell that overexpresses Oct-4 was identified.
Abstract: The present invention relates to a cancer initiating cell comprising an isolated coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor positive mouse pulmonary stem/progenitor cell that overexpresses Oct-4 The present invention also relates to an use of a mouse with a tumor for screening an anti-cancer drug, wherein the tumor is induced by a cancer initiating cell, wherein the cancer initiating cell comprises an isolated coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor positive mouse pulmonary stem/progenitor cell that overexpresses Oct-4