Probability Distributions.- Linear Models for Regression.- Linear Models for Classification.- Neural Networks.- Kernel Methods.- Sparse Kernel Machines.- Graphical Models.- Mixture Models and EM.- Approximate Inference.- Sampling Methods.- Continuous Latent Variables.- Sequential Data.- Combining Models.

Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning

Changes in portlandite morphology with solvent composition: Atomistic simulations and experiment

Mechanisms of cement hydration

The microstructural evolution of alkali-activated binders based on blast furnace slag, fly ash and their blends during the first six months of sealed curing is assessed. The nature of the main binding gels in these blends shows distinct characteristics with respect to binder composition. It is evident that the incorporation of fly ash as an additional source of alumina and silica, but not calcium, in activated slag binders affects the mechanism and rate of formation of the main binding gels. The rate of formation of the main binding gel phases depends strongly on fly ash content. Pastes based solely on silicate-activated slag show a structure dominated by a C–A–S–H type gel, while silicate-activated fly ash are dominated by N–A–S–H ‘geopolymer’ gel. Blended slag-fly ash binders can demonstrate the formation of co-existing C–A–S–H and geopolymer gels, which are clearly distinguishable at earlier age when the binder contains no more than 75 wt.% fly ash. The separation in chemistry between different regions of the gel becomes less distinct at longer age. With a slower overall reaction rate, a 1:1 slag:fly ash system shares more microstructural features with a slag-based binder than a fly ash-based binder, indicating the strong influence of calcium on the gel chemistry, particularly with regard to the bound water environments within the gel. However, in systems with similar or lower slag content, a hybrid type gel described as N–(C)–A–S–H is also identified, as part of the Ca released by slag dissolution is incorporated into the N–A–S–H type gel resulting from fly ash activation. Fly ash-based binders exhibit a slower reaction compared to activated-slag pastes, but extended times of curing promote the formation of more cross-linked binding products and a denser microstructure. This mechanism is slower for samples with lower slag content, emphasizing the correct selection of binder proportions in promoting a well-densified, durable solid microstructure.

Modification of phase evolution in alkali-activated blast furnace slag by the incorporation of fly ash

https://www.tpbin.com/Uploads/Subjects/0c9c42eb-ff6e-4ada-b126-dbb3146ed30e.pdf

Comparison of methods for arresting hydration of cement

Autogenous shrinkage of alkali activated slag mortars: Basic mechanisms and mitigation methods

https://par.nsf.gov/servlets/purl/10025828

On drying shrinkage in alkali-activated concrete: Improving dimensional stability by aging or heat-curing

Influence of chemical and physical characteristics of cement kiln dusts (CKDs) on their hydration behavior and potential suitability for soil stabilization

https://par.nsf.gov/servlets/purl/10025826

Temperature and activator effect on early-age reaction kinetics of alkali-activated slag binders

The influence of starting material on the hydration kinetics and composition of binding gel in alkali activated binder systems was evaluated. The starting materials used were ground granulated blast furnace slag, class C fly ash and class F fly ash. All starting materials were activated using alkaline solution with a SiO2/Na2O ratio of 1.5. The hydration kinetics were monitored using in situ isothermal conduction calorimetry and the chemical compositions of the binder gels were determined by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. In the fly ash systems, the calorimetric curves had only one peak, which occurred in the first 30 min of reaction, and lacked an induction period. Two peaks were distinguishable in slag systems, though the induction period was much shorter than that of a typical OPC system. The gel composition ratios, including Ca/Si, Na/Si, Na/Al and Al/Si, were different in each of the systems and are discussed in detail.

Sulapha Peethamparan

Papers

Autogenous shrinkage of alkali activated slag mortars: Basic mechanisms and mitigation methods

On drying shrinkage in alkali-activated concrete: Improving dimensional stability by aging or heat-curing

Influence of chemical and physical characteristics of cement kiln dusts (CKDs) on their hydration behavior and potential suitability for soil stabilization

Temperature and activator effect on early-age reaction kinetics of alkali-activated slag binders

Influence of starting material on the early age hydration kinetics, microstructure and composition of binding gel in alkali activated binder systems