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Fundamental Concepts In The Design Of Experiments

On centrifugal pumps

The paper reviews recent research and development activities in the field of hydropower technology. It covers emerging and advanced technologies to mitigate flow instabilities (active and passive a ...

Analysis of emerging technologies in the hydropower sector

Energy is unarguably the key factor for today's economic and social development within nations Electricity as one of many energy forms is a critical input to developing countries in the struggle to the national self-satisfaction in all domains Rural electricity supply involved institutions have recently recommended the pump as turbine (PAT)-based micro hydropower plant (MHP) schemes for remote off-grid electrification, mostly from their economic advantages However, from different published research findings, PAT-based MHP is not only simple and economically feasible, but has presented bottlenecks in the move to its full understanding Moreover, compared to other clean energy technologies, PAT technology has not found much literature in academic published researches, thus contributing to its limited understanding within the community Therefore, the PAT literature availability is one way to level up its understanding, which can be helpful to academic and professional communities In the present study, a state-of-the-art review on the two most challenging PAT aspects, namely PAT performance prediction and PAT flow stability aspects are presented In the presented literature, the selected energy sources history leading to the actual MHP global adoption was first briefly explained, followed by an intensive literature on PAT operations, where details about PAT selection and performance prediction were provided Finally, the PAT flow stability aspects where pump-turbine S-shape and Saddle-type characteristics constitute the main focus, were discussed It is worth an attention to mention that the words “pump-turbine”, “Pump as turbine”, and “reversible pump turbine”; are equally used throughout the whole literature It is within the authors wish that this paper can scale up the reader's PAT technology understanding, thus serving awareness in the same

Investigation on pump as turbine (PAT) technical aspects for micro hydropower schemes: A state-of-the-art review

A review on hydrodynamic cavitation disinfection: The current state of knowledge.

Multi-objective optimization of a Stairmand cyclone separator using response surface methodology and computational fluid dynamics

A centrifugal pump is the most common type of pump used in industrial areas. To design a higher-performance pump, design optimization using mechanical concepts is required. In this study, optimization of an impeller and a volute was carried out to improve the performance of a centrifugal pump. The base impeller was designed using fluid machinery design theory and internal design databases, and its performance was evaluated through numerical analysis. Design optimization was then performed to improve the performance of the base impeller. The design variables and variable ranges for the impeller were defined. Based on these design variables and ranges, experiment sets were produced, and their performance was evaluated through numerical analysis. An optimized impeller was then produced that satisfied the design specifications according to a response surface method (RSM) analysis. Finally, the performance of the optimized impeller was verified through numerical analysis. Stepanoff theory was also applied in the design of the volute, and an appropriate design was suggested by modifying the cross-section distribution of the volute and performance evaluation, with numerical analysis.

Design techniques to improve the performance of a centrifugal pump using CFD

Design technique to improve the energy efficiency of a counter-rotating type pump-turbine

In this paper, we describe a numerical study about the performance improvement of a mixed-flow pump by optimizing the design of the impeller and diffuser using a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code and design-of-experiments (DOE). The design variables of impeller and diffuser in the vane plane development were defined with a fixed meridional plane. The design variables were defined by the vane plane development, which indicates the blade-angle distributions and length of the impeller and diffuser. The vane plane development was controlled using the blade-angle in a fixed meridional plane. The blade shape of the impeller and diffuser were designed using a traditional method in which the inlet and exit angles are connected smoothly. First, the impeller optimum design was performed with impeller design variables. The diffuser optimum design was performed with diffuser design variables while the optimally designed impeller shape was fixed. The importance of the impeller and diffuser design variables was analyzed using 2k factorial designs, and the design optimization of the impeller and diffuser design variables was determined using the response surface method (RSM). The objective functions were defined as the total head (Ht) and the total efficiency (?t) at the design flow rate. The optimally designed model was verified using numerical analysis, and the numerical analysis results for both the optimum model and the reference model were compared to determine the reasons for the improved pump performance. A pump performance test was carried out for the optimum model, and its reliability was proved by a comparative analysis of the results of the numerical analysis and an experiment using the optimum model.

High performance hydraulic design techniques of mixed-flow pump impeller and diffuser

This paper reports on an investigation (using RSM with commercial CFD software) of the performance characteristics of the impeller in a centrifugal pump. Geometric parameters of vane plane development were defined with the meridional shape and frontal view of the impeller. The parameters are focused on the blade-angle distributions through the impeller in a fixed meridional geometry. For screening, a 2 k factorial design has been used to identify the important design parameters. The objective functions are defined as the total head rise and the total efficiency at the design flow-rate. From the 2 k factorial design results, it is found that the incidence angles and the exit blade angle are the most important parameters influencing the performance of the pump. Keywords : Centrifugal pump, Impeller, Optimization, RSM(Response surface method) 1. Introduction The centrifugal pump is a centrifugal fluid-machine that can transform mechanical energy into fluid-pressure and kinetic energy, through an impeller that is rotated by external power. In order to determine the best shape for yields the best performance in a centrifugal pump, about it is necessary to have meridional-view and front-view data on the basic shape and blade-angles of the impeller. The classical method for obtaining such data is based on the basic pump-theory, in which the sought parameters are derived from specifications of performance. Inlet blade-angle and exit blade-angle are usually determined by the fluid angle of the inlet and outlet, according to meridional parameters. The sweep angle, which is related to the blade-length, is a dependent variable and not an important design parameter of impeller, if a smooth blade-angle distribution is employed. From the combination of meridional-view and front-view data, the shape of impeller can be described by a vane plan e, and the length and the angle of the blade at the impeller inlet and exit can readily be derived from the vane plane. Because the vane plane determines the shape of impeller and affects on the performance of pump, it is essential to understand how the performance of the pump is affected by several design parame ters and also to compute the best values for each parameter. In our study, we defined the parameters of the vane plane were allowed to vary, but the shape of meridional geometry of impeller was fixed, thus allowing for a systematic analysis of the effect of the parameters on performance. The analysis was based on 2

https://www.koreascience.kr:443/article/JAKO200920065114240.pdf

Sung Kim

Papers

Multi-objective optimization of a Stairmand cyclone separator using response surface methodology and computational fluid dynamics

Design techniques to improve the performance of a centrifugal pump using CFD

Design technique to improve the energy efficiency of a counter-rotating type pump-turbine

High performance hydraulic design techniques of mixed-flow pump impeller and diffuser

Design Optimization of Centrifugal Pump Impellers in a Fixed Meridional Geometry using DOE