The 11th edition of Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine welcomes Anthony Fauci to its editorial staff, in addition to more than 85 new contributors. While the organization of the book is similar to previous editions, major emphasis has been placed on disorders that affect multiple organ systems. Important advances in genetics, immunology, and oncology are emphasized. Many chapters of the book have been rewritten and describe major advances in internal medicine. Subjects that received only a paragraph or two of attention in previous editions are now covered in entire chapters. Among the chapters that have been extensively revised are the chapters on infections in the compromised host, on skin rashes in infections, on many of the viral infections, including cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus, on sexually transmitted diseases, on diabetes mellitus, on disorders of bone and mineral metabolism, and on lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. The major revisions in these chapters and many

Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine

Medicinal plants of India with anti-diabetic potential.

http://www.beauty-review.nl/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Some-phytochemical-pharmacological-and-toxicological-properties-of-ginger-Zingiber-officinale-Roscoe-A-review-of-recent-research.pdf

Some phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological properties of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe): a review of recent research.

To evaluate the antibacterial activity of 21 plant essential oils against six bacterial species. The selected essential oils were screened against four gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris) and two gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus at four different concentrations (1:1, 1:5, 1:10 and 1:20) using disc diffusion method. The MIC of the active essential oils were tested using two fold agar dilution method at concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 25.6 mg/ml. Out of 21 essential oils tested, 19 oils showed antibacterial activity against one or more strains. Cinnamon, clove, geranium, lemon, lime, orange and rosemary oils exhibited significant inhibitory effect. Cinnamon oil showed promising inhibitory activity even at low concentration, whereas aniseed, eucalyptus and camphor oils were least active against the tested bacteria. In general, B. subtilis was the most susceptible. On the other hand, K. pneumoniae exhibited low degree of sensitivity. Majority of the oils showed antibacterial activity against the tested strains. However Cinnamon, clove and lime oils were found to be inhibiting both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Cinnamon oil can be a good source of antibacterial agents.

/pdf/in-vitro-antibacterial-activity-of-some-plant-essential-oils-115needhff.pdf

In vitro antibacterial activity of some plant essential oils.

http://www.sld.cu/galerias/pdf/sitios/mednat/natural_medicines_used_in_the_traditional_chinese_medical_system_for_therapy_of_diabetes_mellitus.pdf

Natural medicines used in the traditional Chinese medical system for therapy of diabetes mellitus

Background: Presently, varied case reports demonstrated an increase or decrease in blood concentration of diverse conventional drugs, often co-administered with edible fruits, spices, or vegetables. The overarching aim of this research is to elucidate the fluctuations in tacrolimus (TAC) blood concentration on the consumption of pomegranate rind extract (PRE). Methods: A pharmacokinetic (PK) study was conducted with two groups, vis-a-vis PRE + TAC (3 mg/kg) and TAC (3 mg/kg) alone groups. An experimental study was conducted in three different manners: Single-dose (S) PRE (200 mg/kg), 7-day repetitive (7-R) PRE (200 mg/kg) dosing, and multiple (M) PRE doses (100, 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg). All the blood samples (approximately 300 μl) were drawn at different time intervals, i.e., 30 min, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 h after oral administration of TAC (3 mg/kg). The estimation of TAC in rat plasma was done using the hyphenated technique LC-MS/MS where the mass spectrometer used was a triple-stage quadrupole in multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Results: The findings depict that in comparison with the TAC (3 mg/kg) alone group with the 7-day repetitive (7-R) PRE (200 mg/kg) dosing, the Cmax was found to be 9.03 ± 1.21 ng/ml; AUC from time zero to infinity (AUC0-∞), 61.91 ± 17.37 ngh/ml, while the TAC (3 mg/kg) + PRE group exhibited an increase in PK parameters of TAC (Cmax 22.48 ± 3.07 ng/ml; AUC0-∞ 153.08 ± 13.24 ng h/ml). The authors further investigated in what manner the PRE affects the PK of TAC in animals. For this, docking studies with major phytoconstituents present in the PRE with CYP3A4 isoenzyme were carried out. Ellagitannins (dock score, −11.64) and punicalagin (dock score, −10.68) were again used for molecular simulation studies with TAC. To validate our findings, a CYP3A4 inhibitory in vitro assay was conducted. Conclusion: Based on the integrated in vivo and in silico studies, we concluded that pomegranate rind extract interacts strongly with CYP isoenzyme and is therefore responsible for the altered PK profile of TAC.

Potential profound fluctuation in tacrolimus concentration on consumption of pomegranate rind extract: A Pharmacokinetic Experiment

The present laboratory investigation was aiming to assess the influence of various post-harvest packaging materials on storage behaviour of aonla fruits during the year 2021 in the Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. Freshly harvested physiological mature fruits of aonla cv. Chakaiya of uniform size, shape, colour, free from disease and bruises were given various post-harvest treatment of packaging material (non-perforated and perforated poly bags, wooden box without cushioning, with newspaper lining, with paddy straw, with newspaper cuttings and Corrugated fibre board boxes with newspaper cuttings and without cutting and plastic crate) during storage of transportation at ambient temperature condition. The data were recorded on total soluble solids, treatable acidity, ascorbic acid content, total soluble solids to acid ratio, phenol content and organoleptic rating. The recorded data were subjected to statistical analysis using Completely Randomized Design (factorial). The non-perforated polybags was found effective in organoleptic rating, which helps in improving the shelf-life of aonla fruits however, wooden box with paddy straw is effective in maintaining a lower level of phenol content and higher level of total soluble solids (TSS), TSS to acid ratio, ascorbic acid, and titratable acidity, which helps in maintaining acceptable quality of aonla fruits for longer time.

Effect of packaging material on quality parameters of transported aonla ( Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) cv.

Potentially Profound Fluctuation in Tacrolimus Concentration on the Consumption of Pomegranate: Computed by Lc-Ms/Ms and Md Simulation Studies

An appropriate growing media is essential for production of good quality plant material. The rooting system in terms of growth and development mainly depend on the growing media. Afield experiment to see the effect of growing media on seedling growth of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana var. rotundifolia) was conducted during 201819 in the nursery at Experimental Orchard of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The media for the study were garden soil and sand with the different proportion of vermicompost, FYM and cocopeat constituting 16 treatments. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design. The results revealed that growing Media T7: Garden soil + FYM + VC + CP (3:1:1:1) improved the seedling height, stem girth, intermodal length, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh weight of shoot and root and survival per cent. Media T7 having Garden soil + FYM + VC + CP (3:1:1:1) found better in improving the available N, P, K (165.7, 33.0 and 267.0 kg/ha). 

Surender Singh

Papers

Potential profound fluctuation in tacrolimus concentration on consumption of pomegranate rind extract: A Pharmacokinetic Experiment

Effect of packaging material on quality parameters of transported aonla ( Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) cv.

Potentially Profound Fluctuation in Tacrolimus Concentration on the Consumption of Pomegranate: Computed by Lc-Ms/Ms and Md Simulation Studies

Growing Media Affects Seedling Growth of Ber (Ziziphus mauritiana var. rotundifolia)

Changing contour in India-Afghanistan relations: A study of Taliban regime