The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) has received considerable attention in the literature. The present study is a quantitative integration and review of that research. From a database of 185 independent studies published up to the end of 1997, the TPB accounted for 27% and 39% of the variance in behaviour and intention, respectively. The perceived behavioural control (PBC) construct accounted for significant amounts of variance in intention and behaviour, independent of theory of reasoned action variables. When behaviour measures were self-reports, the TPB accounted for 11% more of the variance in behaviour than when behaviour measures were objective or observed (R2s = .31 and .21, respectively). Attitude, subjective norm and PBC account for significantly more of the variance in individuals' desires than intentions or self-predictions, but intentions and self-predictions were better predictors of behaviour. The subjective norm construct is generally found to be a weak predictor of intentions. This is partly attributable to a combination of poor measurement and the need for expansion of the normative component. The discussion focuses on ways in which current TPB research can be taken forward in the light of the present review.

/pdf/efficacy-of-the-theory-of-planned-behaviour-a-meta-analytic-32gm69pazu.pdf

Efficacy of the Theory of Planned Behaviour: a meta-analytic review.

The adolescent brain and age-related behavioral manifestations

https://faculty.weber.edu/eamsel/Research%20Groups/Dual%20PRocess%20Research/New%20Papers/Steinberg%20(2008).pdf

A Social Neuroscience Perspective on Adolescent Risk-Taking.

Risky families are characterized by conflict and aggression and by relationships that are cold, unsupportive, and neglectful. These family characteristics create vulnerabilities and/or interact with genetically based vulnerabilities in offspring that produce disruptions in psychosocial functioning (specifically emotion processing and social competence), disruptions in stress-responsive biological regulatory systems, including sympathetic-adrenomedullary and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical functioning, and poor health behaviors, especially substance abuse. This integrated biobehavioral profile leads to consequent accumulating risk for mental health disorders, major chronic diseases, and early mortality. We conclude that childhood family environments represent vital links for understanding mental and physical health across the life span.

/pdf/risky-families-family-social-environments-and-the-mental-and-2ydtsobufc.pdf

Risky Families: Family Social Environments and the Mental and Physical Health of Offspring

Our future: a Lancet commission on adolescent health and wellbeing

Context. —Adolescents' concerns about privacy in clinical settings decrease their willingness to seek health care for sensitive problems and may inhibit their communication with physicians. Objective. —To investigate the influence of physicians' assurances of confidentiality on adolescents' willingness to disclose information and seek future health care. Design. —Randomized controlled trial. Setting. —Three suburban public high schools in California. Participants. —The 562 participating adolescents represented 92% of students in mandatory classes. Intervention. —After random assignment to 1 of 3 groups, the adolescents listened to a standardized audiotape depiction of an office visit during which they heard a physician who assured unconditional confidentiality, a physician who assured conditional confidentiality, or a physician who did not mention confidentiality. Main Outcome Measures. —Adolescents' willingness to disclose general information, willingness to disclose information about sensitive topics, intended honesty, and likelihood of return visits to the physician depicted in the scenario were assessed by anonymous written questionnaire. Results. —Assurances of confidentiality increased the number of adolescents willing to disclose sensitive information about sexuality, substance use, and mental health from 39% (68/175) to 46.5% (178/383) (β=.10,P=.02) and increased the number willing to seek future health care from 53% (93/175) to 67% (259/386) (β=.17,P Conclusions. —Adolescents are more willing to communicate with and seek health care from physicians who assure confidentiality. Further investigation is needed to identify a confidentiality assurance statement that explains the legal and ethical limitations of confidentiality without decreasing adolescents' likelihood of seeking future health care for routine and nonreportable sensitive health concerns.

https://jamanetwork.com/HttpHandlers/ArticlePdfHandler.ashx?journal=jama&articleId=418249&pdfFileName=jama_278_12_044.pdf

Influence of physician confidentiality assurances on adolescents' willingness to disclose information and seek future health care. A randomized controlled trial.

Susan G. Millstein

Papers

Influence of physician confidentiality assurances on adolescents' willingness to disclose information and seek future health care. A randomized controlled trial.

Biopsychosocial correlates of risk-taking behaviors during adolescence. Can the physician intervene?

Relationship of alcohol use and risky sexual behavior: a review and analysis of findings

Verbal and Numerical Expressions of Probability: "It's a Fifty-Fifty Chance"

Perceptions of risk and vulnerability