Diarrhea is one of an endemic disease and also a potential disease of outbreaks in Indonesia, including in Mamuju, West Sulawesi, where the disease is often accompanied by death. Tapalang is a sub-district with the highest cases of diarrhea in Mamuju in recent years. This study used a case control design with a fixed disease sampling technique. The population in this study were all toddlers in Tapalang as many as 1927 people with a total sample of 60 cases and 60 controls so that a total of 120 samples. The instruments used in this study were questionnaires, checklists and observation sheets. Data were analyzed using Multivariate analysis. The results showed that there was a direct and statistically significant effect between family income on the incidence of diarrhea (b = 1.50; 95% CI = 0.319 to 2.68; p = 0.013). There was an indirect influence between family income on the incidence of diarrhea through behavior but not statistically significant (b = 0.98; 95% CI = -0.76 to 2.73; p = 0.269). There is a direct influence between behavior and the incidence of diarrhea even though it is not statistically significant (b = 0.74; 95% CI = -0.41 to 1.90 p = 0.210). The conclusions of toddlers diarrhea in Tapalang is influenced by family income. It is hoped that this research can be used as a reference for related parties in diarrhea control policies and also for mothers and toddlers' families in efforts to prevent diarrhea in toddlers.

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Analysis of Family Income Factors on Diarrhea Incidence through Behavior in Tapalang

High-risk pregnant women is a period where pregnant women can experience a variety of risks that are influenced by various factors. If a pregnant woman has more knowledge about the high risk of pregnancy then it is likely that mothers will think of overcoming the problem of risk of pregnancy. High-risk pregnant class mothers with a Healthy Food Diet High Risk Pregnant Women (AMARIS). is one of the means to increase mothers' knowledge and attitudes about pregnancy care. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of high-risk classes of pregnant women on the level of knowledge and attitudes of mothers about pregnancy care. This study used a pre-experimental research design with one group pretest-posttest, with a total sample of 30 people. The results of the study showed an increase in the average score of knowledge and attitudes after being given a class of resting pregnant women. The average knowledge score before resti pregnant women class was 71.77, while thereafter increased to 88.22. The average score before resting pregnant women for attitude was 72.66, while after that it increased to 77.83. There is an influence of AMARIS class on the level of knowledge and attitudes of high risk pregnant women with p value = 0,000. There is an influence of the Amaris class on the level of knowledge and attitudes of high-risk pregnant women.

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The Implementation of Healthy Food Diet for High-Risk Pregnant Woman (Amaris) Class on The Level of Knowledge and Attitude of Pregnant Woman

Diarrhea is the second leading cause of infant mortality worldwide. In Indonesia, diarrhea is among the top 10 diseases handled in the Puskesmas and the top 10 inpatient diseases at regional hospitals. Measles immunization is recommended by the world health organization as a prevention and health care effort for children including prevention of the incidence of diarrhea. The general objective of this study was to determine the relationship between measles immunization status and the incidence of diarrhea in toddler in the work area of Kasihan Bantul Health Center. This study uses a case control research design with a retrospective approach. Data collection began with data collection ages 12 - 59 months suffering from diarrhea in the last 6 months at the Kasihan Bantul Health Center. Then the researcher conducted homevisit to ask about the history of measles immunization in children. The number of samples in the control group was 44 children and the case group was 44 children. The results showed that there was no statistically significant relationship between measles status and the incidence of diarrhea in children aged 12- 59 months at the Kasihan Bantul Health Center. Health centers and health workers need to increase public awareness of the importance of measles immunization in infants as a form of support for government programs to prevent the occurrence of diarrhea.

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Hubungan Status Imunisasi Campak Dengan Kejadian Diare Pada Anak Usia 12-59 Bulan

Prenatal classes in Indonesia are government’s effort to improve the knowledge and skills of pregnant women. Several factors influence the participation of pregnant women in these classes. This research aimed to identify the factors that correlate with pregnant women’s participation in prenatal classes in several rural villages of Magetan Regency, Indonesia. This observational analytical research was performed quantitatively using a cross-sectional design. Seventy-eight pregnant women meeting the research criteria were included in this study. Data were collected through a questionnaire that has been tested through validity and reliability tests. A binary logistic regression was employed to conduct a statistical analysis. Results showed that supports from family (OR 32.40, p-value < 0.01, 95% CI 4.55–230.64) and from health workers (OR 22.53, p-value < 0.001, 95% CI 3.96–128.19) were significantly associated with the respondent’s participation in prenatal classes after controlling the potential confounding factors such as knowledge, attitudes and information availability.

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Factors Influencing Pregnant Women's Participation in Prenatal Classes in Magetan Regency, Indonesia

Diarrhoea is one of the causes of high morbidity and mortality rates in developing countries that have poor environmental sanitation, inadequate water supply, high poverty rates and low levels of education. The purpose of this study was to examine diarrhoea control models in toddlers of Banyuasin District wetlands. This study used a cross- sectional study design. The study was conducted in the wetland area of Banyuasin District with a sample of 296 respondents. Data analysis was performed in univariate, bivariate and multivariate. The results showed that there was a correlation between chemical indicators (p-value = 0.035), latrine sanitation (p-value = 0.004), latrine quality (p- value = 0.005), income (p-value = 0.023), and hand washing with soap (p-value = 0.035) with the occurrence of diarrhoea in toddlers of Banyuasin District wetlands area. 51.9% of diarrhoea prevention can be explained by the water factor (19.7%), sanitation factor (15.6%), personal hygiene factor (8.2%), toddler factor (4.8%) and mother factor (3.5%) in this study. Improvements of environmental sanitation related to healthy latrines, rubbish bins, sewerage and clean / drinking water sources, as well as intensive education about personal hygiene and breastfeeding toddlers can contribute in reducing the occurrence of diarrhoea in toddlers.

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Modelling of mitigating diarrhoea in the wetland area of banyuasin district, indonesia: a cross-sectional study

Diarrheal is still a global problem with  high degree of morbidity and mortality in many countries, especially in developing countries, as well as  one of  high rates s of  morbidity and mortality in the world. This study aims to examine the factors that affect the incidence of diarrhea in infants at area health center Rejosari Year in 2017. This type of  research quantitative  with cross sectional design with chi square test. Place of research at  the health center Rejosari  Pekanbaru  on 01 to 13 May 2017. The Sampling technique using  consecutive sampling technique, population in this study amounted to 379 people and a sample of 195 people. Primary data collection with questionnaire. The processing data is SPSS includes editing, coding, sorting, entry, scoring and tabulating. The analysis is univariate and bivariate. The result of research there is correlation factor between independent variable and dependent variable which means Ha accepted and Ho rejected with p-value <α = 0,05. education p-value = 0,000, knowledge p-value = 0,000, handwashing behavior p-value = 0,000. So it is concluded that there is a factor relationship that affects the incidence of diarrhea in infants in the work area of health center Rejosari Pekanbaru in 2017 Penyakit diare masih menjadi masalah global dengan derajat kesakitan dan kematian yang tinggi di berbagai negara terutama di negara berkembang, dan juga sebagai salah satu penyebab utama tingginya angka kesakitan dan kematian anak di dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian diare pada balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Rejosari Tahun 2017. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional dengan uji C hi square . Tempat penelitian di Puskesmas Rejosari Pekanbaru pada tanggal 01 hingga 13 Mei tahun 2017. Teknik sampling consecutive sampling, populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 379 orang dan sampel berjumlah 195 orang. Pengumpulan data primer dengan lembar kuesioner . Pengolahan data SPSS meliputi editing, coding, sorting, entry, skoring dan tabulating. Analisa data adalah univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian terdapat hubungan faktor antara variabel independen dan variabel dependen yang artinya Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak dengan nilai p-value<α=0,05.  pendidikan p-value= 0,000, pengetahuan p-value= 0,000, perilaku mencuci tangan p-value= 0,000. Maka disimpulkan terdapat hubungan faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian diare pada balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Rejosari Pekanbaru tahun 2017.

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Faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian diare pada balita di wilayah kerja puskesmas rejosari pekanbaru

Massage is stimulation of the skin and tissues below it with various levels of hand pressure to reduce pain, make reflexes and improve circulation and have biochemical and psychological effects on the body. Stimulant massage for a term baby can improve the relationship between baby and mother and can increase body weight in baby.But unfortunately there are still many myths in the community, especially in the care of babies who are still believed that babies should not be massaged often, their bodies are still weak or other reasons that have never been verified. Though touching the baby at the beginning of his birth can have a positive influence on the growth of the baby. This study aims tothe effect of baby massage on the increase of baby weight in the work area at pekanbaru payung sekaki primary health center in 2019. This study used a Quasi Experiment design with Cross Sectional research design. Samples taken as many as 20 babies, 10 babies carried out baby massage and 10 other babies were not carried out baby massage. Sampling technique for consecutive sampling. The data collection tool uses checklist sheets, baby massage SOP, and baby scales. Data analysis was used univariate and bivariate, with statistical tests namely non-parental and Mann Whitney tests with the help of SPSS. The results showed that the p-value < 0.05. This means that 0,000<0,05, means that there is the effect of baby massage on the increase in baby massage weight in the work area at ??Payung Sekaki Pekanbaru Health Center in 2019. It is expected that the Payung Sekaki Pekanbaru health center Primary can conduct counseling or do baby massage to the local community

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Effects of Baby Massage on Weight Gain in Babies: Effects of Baby Massage on Weight Gain in Babies

Pregnant women class is a learning facility for pregnant women in undergoing the process of pregnancy and postpartum. Based on the preliminary survey conducted by researchers in the work area of ​​Payung Sekaki Primary Health Center, it was obtained data that the narration of midwives working in the work area of ​Payung Sekaki Primary Health Center was indeed carried out, but there were still many pregnant women who had not utilized maternal facilities optimally.  The purpose of this study is the Factors Associated with the Participation of Pregnant Women in the Work Area Payung Sekaki Primary Health Center 2018. This type of research is quantitative using correlation analysis with Chi-square. The population in the study amounted to 297 people, with a total sample of 75 people with accidental sampling technique. This research was carried out in the work area of ​​Payung Sekaki Primary Health Center Pekanbaru on 05 to 28 July 2018. The results showed that there was a relationship between knowledge and maternal participation in the class of pregnant women in the work area of Payung Sekaki Primary Health Center with a p-value = 0,000, there was a relationship between parity with the participation of pregnant women in the Working Area of ​​Payung Sekaki  Primary Health Center  with a p-value = 0.025 and there is a relationship of family support with the participation of pregnant women in the work area of Payung Sekaki Primary Health Center with a p-value = 0.03 with a degree of Error α = 0,1. 
Keywords         : Knowledge, parity, family support, participation of pregnant women
Bibliography   : 15 References (2007-2018).

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Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Keikutsertaan Ibu Hamil Dalam Kelas Ibu Hamil

Anemia merupakan masalah kesehatan seluruh dunia, menurut World Health Organization (WHO) secara global, kasus anemia mempengaruhi 1,62 miliar orang atau setara dengan 24,8% dari populasi. Anemia pada remaja dapat menyebabkan menurunkan kemampuan dan konsentrasi belajar, menghambat pertumbuhan fisik dan kecerdasan otak, meningkatkan risiko infeksi, menurunkan daya tahan tubuh sehingga mudah sakit, menurunkan semangat, konsentrasi dan prestasi belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian tablet besi (Fe)terhadap status anemia remaja putri di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kerumutan Kabupaten Pelalawan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yakni seluruh siswi SMA Sederajat dengan jumlah 153 orang di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kerumutan, Sampel yang diambil 15 orang responden. Alat pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini berupa variabel independen  menggunakan Hb digital dan dependen adalah lembar observasi. Analisis penelitian ini menggunakan uji paired t test dependent. Hasil uji diketahui terdapat pengaruh pemberian tablet besi (Fe)  terhadap status anemia remaja putri, yang ditunjukkan nilai p value< ? yaitu 0,000  < 0,05.

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Pengaruh Pemberian Tablet Besi (Fe) terhadap Status Anemia Remaja Putri

Abstrak Endotelin-1 merupakan derivat endotelium yang ampuh sebagai vasokontriksi  paling kuat yang memiliki 21 asam amino. Kerusakan lapisan endotel mengaktivasikan peningkatan vasokontriksi yaitu endotelin-1. Peningkatan endotelin-1 ini menyebabkan terjadinya resistensi diseluruh sistem vaskuler maternal yang memiliki lapisan endotel sehingga menimbulkan manifestasi klinis preeklampsia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan perbedaan kadar endotelin-1 plasma pada penderita preeklampsia dan kehamilan normotensif. Penelitian bersifat observasional dengan desaincross sectional comparative. Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUP Dr.M.Djamil Padang dan RS Tk.III Reksodiwiryo Padang. Sampel penelitian ini terdiri dari dua kelompok yaitu 16 penderita preeklampsia dan 16 kehamilan normotensif dengan waktu penelitian dari  Juni sampai Agustus 2014. Analisis sampel dilakukan di Laboratorium Biomedik Universitas Andalas Padang. Pemeriksaan kadar endotelin-1 menggunakan metode ELISA. Analisa statistik mengunakan univariat dan bivariat. Analisa bivariat mengunakan uji t tidak berpasangan yang telah dilakukan uji normalitas dan uji homogenitas. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa rerata kadar endotelin-1 plasma pada penderita preeklampsia yaitu 0,73 ± 0,15 pg/ml, rerata kadar endotelin-1 plasma pada kehamilan normotensif yaitu 0,56 ±0,13 pg/ml dengan nilai p<0,05 (0,002). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat perbedaan kadar endotelin-1 yang signifikan rerata kadar endotelin-1 plasma pada penderita preeklampsia dengan kehamilan normotensif. Kata kunci: preeklampsia, endotelin-1, normotensif Abstract  Endothelin-1 is potent endothelium derived as the strongest vasocontrictor that has 21 amino acids. Damage of endothelial layer activated the increasing of vasoconstriction which is endothelin-1. The increasing of endothelin-1 caused a resistence across the maternal vascular system that has endothelial layer make a clinical manifestations of preeclampsia. The objective of this study was to determine the difference of endothelin-1 plasm level of preeclampsia and normotensive pregnancies. This study was an observational study with cross sectional design. This study has been done in RSUP Dr.M.Djamil and Reksodiwiryo hospital in Padang. The sample of this study consisted of two groups 16 patients with preeclampsia and 16 normotensive pregnancies from June to August 2014. The sample analyzed in biomedical laboratory of Andalas University Padang. Endothelin-1 plasm level examined by using ELISA method statically. The data analyse using univariate and bivariate analyses. Bivariate analysis using unpaired t-test that used test of normality and homogenity test before. Result found that the avarege of endothelin-1 plasm level on preeclampsia was 0.73±0.15 pg/ml while the avarege in normotensive pregnancy was 0.56±0.13 pg/ml. The probability value was 0.002 (p<0.05). This reseach concluded that there is significant difference of endothelin-1 plasm level between preeclampsia and normotensive. Keywords: preeclampsia, endothelin-1, normotensive

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Susi Hartati

Papers

Faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian diare pada balita di wilayah kerja puskesmas rejosari pekanbaru

Effects of Baby Massage on Weight Gain in Babies: Effects of Baby Massage on Weight Gain in Babies

Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Keikutsertaan Ibu Hamil Dalam Kelas Ibu Hamil

Pengaruh Pemberian Tablet Besi (Fe) terhadap Status Anemia Remaja Putri

Perbedaan Kadar Endotelin-1 Plasma pada Penderita Preeklampsia dengan Kehamilan Normotensif