I read this book the same weekend that the Packers took on the Rams, and the experience of the latter event, obviously, colored my judgment. Although I abhor anything that smacks of being a handbook (like, \"How to Earn a Merit Badge in Neurosurgery\") because too many volumes in biomedical science already evince a boyscout-like approach, I must confess that parts of this volume are fast, scholarly, and significant, with certain reservations. I like parts of this well-illustrated book because Dr. Sj6strand, without so stating, develops certain subjects on technique in relation to the acquisition of judgment and sophistication. And this is important! So, given that the author (like all of us) is somewhat deficient in some areas, and biased in others, the book is still valuable if the uninitiated reader swallows it in a general fashion, realizing full well that what will be required from the reader is a modulation to fit his vision, propreception, adaptation and response, and the kind of problem he is undertaking. A major deficiency of this book is revealed by comparison of its use of physics and of chemistry to provide understanding and background for the application of high resolution electron microscopy to problems in biology. Since the volume is keyed to high resolution electron microscopy, which is a sophisticated form of structural analysis, but really morphology in a modern guise, the physical and mechanical background of The instrument and its ancillary tools are simply and well presented. The potential use of chemical or cytochemical information as it relates to biological fine structure , however, is quite deficient. I wonder when even sophisticated morphol-ogists will consider fixation a reaction and not a technique; only then will the fundamentals become self-evident and predictable and this sine qua flon will become less mystical. Staining reactions (the most inadequate chapter) ought to be something more than a technique to selectively enhance contrast of morphological elements; it ought to give the structural addresses of some of the chemical residents of cell components. Is it pertinent that auto-radiography gets singled out for more complete coverage than other significant aspects of cytochemistry by a high resolution microscopist, when it has a built-in minimal error of 1,000 A in standard practice? I don't mean to blind-side (in strict football terminology) Dr. Sj6strand's efforts for what is \"routinely used in our laboratory\"; what is done is usually well done. It's just that …

Methods in Enzymology.

▶ Addresses a wide range of timely environment, economic and energy topics ▶ A forum to review, analyze and stimulate the development, testing and implementation of mitigation and adaptation strategies at regional, national and global scales ▶ Contributes to real-time policy analysis and development as national and international policies and agreements are discussed and promulgated ▶ 94% of authors who answered a survey reported that they would definitely publish or probably publish in the journal again

Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change

The current demands of the world’s biotechnological industries are enhancement in enzyme productivity and development of novel techniques for increasing their shelf life. These requirements are inevitable to facilitate large-scale and economic formulation. Enzyme immobilization provides an excellent base for increasing availability of enzyme to the substrate with greater turnover over a considerable period of time. Several natural and synthetic supports have been assessed for their efficiency for enzyme immobilization. Nowadays, immobilized enzymes are preferred over their free counterpart due to their prolonged availability that curtails redundant downstream and purification processes. Future investigations should endeavor at adopting logistic and sensible entrapment techniques along with innovatively modified supports to improve the state of enzyme immobilization and provide new perspectives to the industrial sector.

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Enzyme immobilization: an overview on techniques and support materials.

This research is focused on the ultrasound-assisted removal of Auramine-O (AO) dye from aqueous solutions using ZnS:Cu nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon (ZnS:Cu-NP-AC) as an adsorbent. ZnS:Cu nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized using FESEM (Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy) and XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) analysis. The experiments were designed by response surface methodology. A quadratic model was used to predict the variables. Analysis of variance was used for investigation of variables and interaction between them. High F-value (48.91), very low P-value (<0.00001), non-significant lack of fit, and the determination coefficient (R2 = 0.977) demonstrate good correlation between experimental and predicted values of the response. The highest removal percent attained was 99.76%, and the optimum parameters achieved are: adsorbent amount (0.02 g), initial dye concentration (20 mg L−1), sonication time (3 min) and pH = 7. Adsorption processes of AO by ZnS:Cu-NP-AC could be well described by a Langmuir isotherm and a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The maximum adsorption capacity of AO by ZnS:Cu-NP-AC was determined as 183.15 mg g−1, suggesting a highly promising potential for ZnS:Cu-NP-AC to be used as a new adsorbent.

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Removal of basic dye Auramine-O by ZnS:Cu nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon: optimization of parameters using response surface methodology with central composite design

Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution with magnetite loaded multi-wall carbon nanotube: kinetic, isotherm and mechanism analysis.

Reclamation of Wastes for Mercury Removal —A Review

The paper systematically presents a survey of the literature on algal biofuel by a bibliometric assessment. Based on 10,201 articles extracted from the Science Citation Index Expanded database during 1980–2019, a knowledge-generating system about algal biofuel has been established through analysis of publication performance, social networks, citations analysis and keywords analysis. Annual publication output in algal biofuel research has rapidly increased, particularly over the past decade. “Bioresource Technology” is the most outstanding journal when all analysis indices have been taken into account. The USA ranks 1st with 2,151 publications and has a high supremacy in international research collaborations. Through the analysis of keywords, the research trends of algae biofuel in algae selection, cultivation, harvesting, extraction, conversion and bioproducts are reviewed. The future of algal biofuel is quite promising, however, for its commercial production, several technical challenges like large-scale algal biomass production, cheap harvesting technology, etc. have to be met a-priori.

Trends and performances of the algal biofuel: a bibliometric approach

In the present research, three agents such as saw dust (carbonised), waste of the timber industry, suspended bacterial cells of Pseudomonas oleovorans strain NITD 20 and immobilised whole live bacterial cells were used individually for fluoride removal from synthetic wastewater. Carbonised saw dust was used first as an adsorbent at optimum conditions such as pH 7±0.2, initial fluoride concentration of 15 mg·L-1, particle size of 0.10 mm, adsorbent dose of 60 g·L-1, contact time of 10 h and stirring speed of 120 rpm, and it showed 79.04±0.196% fluoride removal. In the present study, both suspended and immobilised cells of ‘Pseudomonas oleovorans strain NITD 20’ were used for the defluoridation process. Immobilisation was done onto the carbonised saw dust. The maximum removal was observed for suspended cells at 94.5±2.1% and immobilised cells at 98±1.23% in 10 h and 8 h incubation periods, respectively, from 15 mg·L-1 fluoride containing synthetic wastewater.

Removal of Fluoride from Synthetic Wastewater Using Carbonised Saw Dust and Suspended and Immobilised Culture of Pseudomonas oleovorans Strain NITD 20 – A Comparative Study

This paper presents a deep neural network called DIVA unfolding a baseline adaptive denoising algorithm (De-QuIP), relying on the theory of quantum many-body physics. Furthermore, it is shown that with very slight modifications, this network can be enhanced to solve more challenging image restoration tasks such as image deblurring, super-resolution and inpainting. Despite a compact and interpretable (from a physical perspective) architecture, the proposed deep learning network outperforms several recent algorithms from the literature, designed specifically for each task. The key ingredients of the proposed method are on one hand, its ability to handle non-local image structures through the patch-interaction term and the quantum-based Hamiltonian operator, and, on the other hand, its flexibility to adapt the hyperparameters patch-wisely, due to the training process.

DIVA: Deep Unfolded Network from Quantum Interactive Patches for Image Restoration

The aim of the study was to synthesize stable mono disperse silica particles of size around 380 nm by seeded growth process using Ethanol, Tetra Ethyl Ortho Silicate (TEOS) and Ammonia solution. The synthesized micro particles have been characterized by DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), Zeta Potential measurement, XRD (X-ray Diffraction) and FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). These particles were successfully employed as template for coating oppositely charged chitosan and dextran sulphate by Layer by layer method for the preparation of natural degradable capsules.

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Susmita Dutta

Papers

Reclamation of Wastes for Mercury Removal —A Review

Trends and performances of the algal biofuel: a bibliometric approach

Removal of Fluoride from Synthetic Wastewater Using Carbonised Saw Dust and Suspended and Immobilised Culture of Pseudomonas oleovorans Strain NITD 20 – A Comparative Study

DIVA: Deep Unfolded Network from Quantum Interactive Patches for Image Restoration

Synthesis and Characterisation of Monodisperse Silica Templates for Pharmaceutical Applications