Showing papers in "International journal of engineering research and technology in 2013"

A Detailed Analysis on NSL-KDD Dataset Using Various Machine Learning Techniques for Intrusion Detection

Abstract: During the last decade the analysis of intrusion detection has become very important, the researcher focuses on various dataset to improve system accuracy and to reduce false positive rate based on DAPRA 98 and later the updated version as KDD cup 99 dataset which shows some statistical issues, it degrades the evaluation of anomaly detection that affects the performance of the security analysis which leads to the replacement of KDD dataset to NSL-KDD dataset. This paper focus on detailed study on NSLKDD dataset that contains only selected record. This selected dataset provide a good analysis on various machine learning techniques for intrusion detection. Keyword: NSL-KDD, Data Mining Technique and KDD Cup 99

A Comparative Study Of Data Clustering Techniques

Abstract: As we know that clustering is a process for discovering groups and identifying interesting patterns. Data mining refers to extract knowledge from large database. We can say that data mining is a knowledge mining process. Size and need of dataset are increasing day by day. That’s why we need data mining techniques for managing huge dataset. It is a process of knowledge discovery in database (KDD). Data mining techniques are useful in many more fields today such as biology , libraries, GIS, satellite images, marketing, medical diagnostics and many more field .in this paper this study tells us about the comparison between data mining techniques on the basis of size, model, application areas and others features. This study tells us when and which data mining techniques are used.

Wireless Speed Control Of An Induction Motor Using PWM Technique With GSM

Abstract: This paper presents design and analysis of a three phase induction motor drive using IGBT‟s at the inverter power stage with volts hertz control (V/F) in closed loop using a microcontroller. A 1HP, 3-phase, 415V, 50Hz induction motor is used as load for the inverter. Oscilloscope is used to record and analyze the various waveforms. The experimental results for V/F control of 3-Phase induction motor using GSM clearly shows constant volts per hertz and stable inverter line to line output voltage.

Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by using Sodium Borohydride as a Reducing Agent

Abstract: Silver nanoparticles easily interact with other particles and increase their antibacterial efficiency moreover have received considerable attention due to their attractive physical, chemical and optical properties The optical properties of silver nanoparticles are highly dependent on the nanoparticle diameter and refractive index near the nanoparticle surface Silver nanoparticles are extraordinarily efficient at absorbing and scattering of light due to its optical properties These particles were synthesized by the chemical reduction method of AgNO3 using NaBH4 The borohydride anions were adsorbed onto silver nanoparticles and addition of PVP prevented the aggregation of particles A yellow colour was given by the silver nanoparticle solution using a spectrophotometer that had Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) at 386 nm The silver nanoparticles were estimated to be 10 to 20 nm in diameter

A Systematic Review on Cloud Computing

Abstract: Probably in the 21 st century, cloud computing is the most considerable new technique and hot researching area in IT world. It is now conveying huge impact to the society, mainly the business world. It provides services on demand basis over internet, which allows the clients to focus on their major chores without worrying about purchasing infrastructure and installing it to data processing. Many reputed IT companies, such as Amazon, Google, Microsoft, IBM, Yahoo and so on, developed cloud computing system and provide services for a huge amount of users. However, it produces too facilities which can make people’s live easy, but we cannot decline the truth that it is near to public domain, resulting prone to security leakage. Due to security issues and challenges, costumers are slow in adopting it. In this paper, we performed a systematic review including the following terms: Evolution, definitions and characteristics of cloud computing, and then introduced its models (i.e. deployment model, service model), cloud vendors with their products, finally security issues and challenges related to cloud computing. In cloud computing environment it is an important issue to provide secure and reliable services. This paper can be very useful to anyone who have heard the word “cloud computing” for the first time and interested to know what it is.

A Comparative Study Of LPCC And MFCC Features For The Recognition Of Assamese Phonemes

Abstract: In this paper two popular feature extraction techniques Linear Predictive Cepstral Coefficients (LPCC) and Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) have been investigated and their performances have been evaluated for the recognition of Assamese phonemes. A multilayer perceptron based baseline phoneme recognizer has been built and all the experiments have been carried out using that recognizer. In the present study, attempt has been made to evaluate the performance of the speech recognition system with different feature set in quiet environmental condition as well as at different level of noise. It has been observed that at noise free operating environment when same speaker is used for training and testing the system, the system given 100% recognition accuracy for the recognition of Assamese phones for both the feature set. However, the performance of the system degrades considerably with increase in environmental noise level.It has been observed that the performance of LPCC based system degrades more rapidly compare to MFCC based system under environmental noise condition whereas under speaker variability conditions, LPCC shows relative robustness compare to MFCC though the performance of both the systems degrades considerably. Key Terms: Speech Recognition, LPCC, MFCC, MLP

The Effect of Super Charging and Rice Bran Oil Biodiesel As an Additive in Diesel- Ethanol Blends For Diesel Engines

Abstract: A number of studies currently focus on the renewable fuels to reduce the reliance on petroleum fuels. Biofuels such as biodiesel and bioethanol have been studied and tested in many countries including India. One of the methods to reduce the use of fossil fuel is blending ethanol with fossil diesel. However, an emulsifier or a co-solvent is needed to homogenize the diesel-ethanol blends. The rice bran oil biodiesel offers an alternative application as an emulsifier for diesel and ethanol blends. The present research is aimed to investigate experimentally the performance and exhaust emission characteristics of a direct injection (DI) diesel engine when fuelled with conventional diesel fuel, rice bran oil biodiesel, a blend of diesel and rice bran oil biodiesel and three blends of diesel-biodiesel-ethanol over the entire range of load on the engine. The experimental results showed that the highest brake thermal efficiency was observed with 15% ethanol in diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends. The exhaust gas temperature and the sound intensity from the engine reduced with the increase of ethanol percentage in diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends. The Carbon monoxide and smoke emissions reduced significantly with higher percentage of ethanol in diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends. The unused oxygen with 5% ethanol in diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blend was lower than that of diesel fuel. The Hydrocarbons, Oxides of nitrogen and carbon dioxide emissions increased with the increase of ethanol percentage in diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends but the hydrocarbon emissions were still lower than that of diesel fuel. As the brake thermal efficiency increased and carbon monoxide, sound, hydrocarbons and smoke were lower than that of diesel fuel with the diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends, the rice bran oil biodiesel can be used as an additive to mix higher percentages of ethanol in diesel-ethanol blends to improve the performance and reduce the emissions of a diesel engine.

Use Of Recycled Aggregate In Concrete

Abstract: Use of recycled aggregate in concrete can be useful for environmental protection. Recycled aggregates are the materials for the future. The application of recycled aggregate has been started in a large number of construction projects of many European, American, Russian and Asian countries. Many countries are giving infrastructural laws relaxation for increasing the use of recycled aggregate. This paper reports the basic properties of recycled fine aggregate and recycled coarse aggregate & also compares these properties with natural aggregates. Basic changes in all aggregate properties are determined and their effects on concreting work are discussed at length. Similarly the properties of recycled aggregate concrete are also determined. Basic concrete properties like compressive strength, flexural strength, workability etc. are explained here for different combinations of recycled aggregate with natural aggregate. Codal guidelines of recycled aggregates concrete in various countries are stated here with their effects, on concreting work. In general, present status of recycled aggregate in India along with its future need and its successful utilization are discussed here. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Malware and Malware Detection Techniques : A Survey

Abstract: Now a day’s malicious program is a serious threat. It is developed to damage the computer system and some of them are spread over the connected system in the network or internet connection. Researchers are taking great efforts to produce anti-malware system with effective malware detection methods to protect computer system. Two basic approaches have been proposed for it i.e. signature-based and heuristicbased detection. These approaches detect known malware accurately but cannot detect the new, unknown malware. Recently different researchers have proposed malware detection system using data mining and machine learning methods to detect known as well as unknown malwares. In this paper, a detailed analysis has been conducted on the current state of malware infection and work done to improve the malware

Survey on Resource Allocation Strategies in Cloud Computing

Abstract: Cloud computing is the next generation of technology which unifies everything into one. It is an on demand service because it offers dynamic flexible resource allocation for reliable and guaranteed services in pay as-you-use manner to public. In Cloud computing multiple cloud users can request number of cloud services simultaneously. So there must be a provision that all resources are made available to requesting user in efficient manner to satisfy their need. In this paper a review of various policies for dynamic resource allocation in cloud computing is shown based on Topology Aware Resource Allocation (TARA), Linear Scheduling Strategy for Resource Allocation and Dynamic Resource Allocation for Parallel Data Processing. Moreover, significance, advantages and limitations of using Resource Allocation in Cloud computing systems is also

Experimental Study On Replacement Of Cement By Glass Powder

Abstract: In a growing country like India a huge amount of industrial waste are polluting the environmental. With a view to the above, this study aims at utilization of such industrial by product for value added application. In addition the waste can improve the properties of construction materials. The recycled glass has been used in the form of powder. The glass powder was tested with concrete and mortar. Cement was replaced by the glass powder in the proportion of 5%, 10% and 15%. The compressive strength, split tensile strength, consistency and flexural strength were conducted for the above replacements. The result showed glass powder improves the mechanical properties. The advantages of this project are that the replacement of glass powder is economically cheap as well as a superior concrete can be made. 1.0 INTRODUCTION The quantity of waste glass has slowly increased over the years due to the growing need and usage of glass products, this gives way for large quantity of glass waste. Most of these waste glasses can be recycled. At the same time today’s annual global cement production has reached 2.8 billion tons, and is expected to increase to some 4 billion tons per year. The cement industry is facing challenges such as cost increases in energy supply, requirements to reduce CO2 emissions and the supply of raw materials in sufficient qualities [1]. The usage of waste glass to replace cement could reduce the cost of concrete and also the consumption of cement; there by directly reduce the CO2 emission which is related to the production of cement. Also this reduces the cost of making concrete since a waste material in used. Attempts have been made to use glass as a replacement for coarse aggregate and also as a hydration enhancing filler. However, replacement of cement with flass to make concrete will be a great value addition.[2]. The pozzolanic property of glass powder [3] has shown the possibility to improve the concrete property by using waste glass in concrete. Glass is made by combining several inorganic minerals, based on their composition glasses can be classified in to many categories but soda-lime glass is the widely used type of glass. The typical glass contains 70 % silica approximately. The presents of alkali in glass may cause alkali-silica reaction and change in volume but it has been found that finely ground glass does not contribute to alkali-silica reaction [4]. As a pozzolan, glass powder provides a more uniform distribution and a greater volume of hydration products. Addition of glass powder to a concrete mix alters the cement paste structure. The resulting paste contains more of the strong calciumsilicate hydrates (C-S-H) and less of the weak and easily soluble calcium hydroxides (Ca(OH)2) than ordinary cement pastes. The calcium silicate hydrate formed is the glue, or binder, which holds the system together, and is the main source of concrete strength. The weaker calcium hydroxide does not contribute as a binder, and can occupy space. Further, the calcium hydroxide can combine with carbon dioxide to form a soluble salt which will leach through the concrete, and can cause efflorescence. The small particles size of powder glass are very good at infiltrating and plugging capillary pores in concrete making pores smaller and fewer and concrete more dense. The microfiller effect greatly reduces permeability and improving the pasteto-aggregate bond of concrete with glass powder compared to conventional concrete.[5].

Attitude and Motivation towards Learning Physics

Abstract: Physics is considered as one of the most prevailing and problematic subjects by the students in the realm of science. Students perceived physics as a difficult subject during high school days and become more evasive when they reach college. Based on an investigation of 446 engineering and technology students, this study analyses and evaluates the relationship between attitude and motivation of engineering and technology students towards learning physics. It shows that there is no significant difference in the attitude and motivation of students towards learning physics. Furthermore, there is a negligible degree of relationship for attitude and motivation. The relationship between attitude and motivation is due to chance. This confides that most students found that is unlikely for them to enjoy learning physics because of their professor. Faculty should encourage students in drilling physics problems, students are found to like answering difficult physics questions in ever examination, expresses that they have a mathematical mind.

Applications and Challenges for Sentiment Analysis : A Survey

Abstract: With rapid development of Web 2.0 applications such as microbloging, social networks, e-commerce sites, news portals and web-forums reviews, comments, recommendations, ratings and feedbacks are generated by users. This user generated content can be about products, people, events, etc. This information is very useful for businesses, governments and individuals. While this content meant to be helpful, bulk of this user generated content require the use of automated techniques for mining and analyzing because manual analysis are difficult for such a huge content. Sentiment analysis is the automated mining of attitudes, opinions, and emotions from text, speech, and database sources through Natural Language Processing (NLP). This paper presents a survey on the Sentiment analysis applications and challenges with their approaches and techniques.

Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engine

Abstract: In the context of environmental restrictions and su stainable development, pollution standards have become more and more stringent. The design omost fuel efficient and environmental friendly internal combustion engine so as to meet t he future emission standards is currently one of the main goals of engine researchers. Homoge neous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) combustion has the potential to be highly ef ficient and to produce low emissions. HCCI engines can have efficiencies as high as compr ession-ignition direct-injection (CIDI) engines (an advanced version of the commonly known diesel engine), while producing ultralow oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) emissions. HCCI engines can operate on gasoline, diesel fuel and most alternati ve fuels. HCCI represents the next major step beyond high efficiency CIDI and spark-ignition , direct-injection (SIDI) engines for use in transportation vehicles. In some regards, HCCI e ngines incorporate the best features of both spark ignition (SI) gasoline engines and CIDI engines. Like an SI engine, the charge is well mixed which minimizes particulate emissions, a nd like a CIDI engine it is compression ignited and has no throttling losses, which leads tefficiency. However, unlike either of these conventional engines, combustion occurs simul taneously throughout the cylinder volume rather than in a flame front. This paper rev iews the technology involved in HCCI engine, and its merits and demerits. The challenges encountered and recent developments in HCCI engine are also discussed in this paper.

Soiling and Dust Impact on the Efficiency and the Maximum Power Point in the Photovoltaic Modules

Abstract: The installation of PV systems for optimum yield is primarily dictated by its geographic location and installation design to maximize solar exposure. However, there are other depending factors that arise in determining the system performance (efficiency and output). Dust is the lesser acknowledged factor that significantly influences the performance of the PV installations. PV modules are highly reliable. However, in polluted environments, over time, they will collect grime and dust. There are also limited field data studies about soiling losses on PV modules. The photovoltaic cells already have low conversion efficiencies in the range of 16% to 18% , the accumulation of sand and dust particles from the outdoor environment on their surface further reduces the generated output power. This is due to the reduction the solar radiation incident on the solar cell. Further dust changes the dependence on the angle of incidence of such radiation. This limitation makes photovoltaic cells an unreliable source of power for unattended remote devices, such as solar-powered traffic and other remote applications in environmentally hazard areas. For large-scale solar plants to maintain their maximum efficiency, the photovoltaic cells must be kept clean, which can be a challenging task in dusty environments. This paper is an insight into the losses caused by the accumulation of dust on the surface of photovoltaic modules and an attempt to analyze and quantify such losses based on the experiments conducted by various researchers all over the world.

Intuitionistic Fuzzy Multi Similarity Measure Based on Cotangent Function

Abstract: In this paper, the Similarity measure of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Multi sets (IFMS) based on Cotangent function is presented and analyzed. The properties of the similarity measure are proved and verified using the numerical evaluation of the proposed similarity measure. The unique feature of this proposed method is that it considers multi membership and non membership for the same element. As the proposed method is mathematically valid, it can be applied to any decision making problems, medical diagnosis, engineering problems, pattern recognition, etc. Finally, the application of medical diagnosis shows that the proposed similarity measures are much simpler, well suited one to use with linguistic variables.

Partial Replacement Cement in Concrete Using Waste Glass

Abstract: This paper investigates the performance of concrete containing glass powder as partial substitution of cement. Portland cement (PC) was partially replaced with 0-40% glass powder. Testing included ultrasonic pulse velocity, compressive strength and absorption. Specimens were cured in water at 20°C. The results indicate that the maximum strength of concrete occurs at around 10% glass powder. Beyond 10% glass powder the strength of concrete reduces and is lower than that of the control.

Sign Language Recognition System For Deaf And Dumb People

Abstract: The Sign language is very important for people who have hearing and speaking deficiency generally called Deaf And Mute. It is the only mode of communication for such people to convey their messages and it becomes very important for people to understand their language. This paper proposes the method or algorithm for an application which would help in recognising the different signs which is called Indian Sign Language. The images are of the palm side of right and left hand and are loaded at runtime. The method has been developed with respect to single user. The real time images will be captured first and then stored in directory and on recently captured image and feature extraction will take place to identify which sign has been articulated by the user through SIFT (scale invariance Fourier transform) algorithm. The comparisons will be performed in arrears and then after comparison the result will be produced in accordance through matched keypoints from the input image to the image stored for a specific letter already in the directory or the database the outputs for the following can be seen in below sections. There are 26 signs in Indian Sign Language corresponding to each alphabet out which the proposed algorithm provided with 95% accurate results for 9 alphabets with their images captured at every possible angle and distance i.e. for every alphabet even if have approximately 5 images at different angles and distances then the algorithm is working accurately for 45 types of inputs.

SVD-Based Digital Image Watermarking

Abstract: To embed watermark is a way to increase the robustness of the image. In this paper the singular value decomposition (SVD) based image watermarking scheme is projected. From the obtained results we state that, the output result of SVD is more secure and robust. The result of SVD gives good accuracy, good robustness and good imperceptibility in resolving rightful ownership of watermarked image. In the proposed scheme D and U components are used for embedding watermark, contrasting to other transforms which uses fixed orthogonal bases, SVD uses none fixed orthogonal bases. With the improved utilization of SVD watermarking scheme, the watermarking technology in the transform domain has been developed to a great extent. The paper contains three parts: In part I ‘Introduction to Digital Image Watermarking’ is given, Part II includes ‘Survey on Digital Image Watermarking’; the survey has been focused on adding watermark using Singular Value Decomposition in the image. Part III contains the proposed work of watermarking and effect of different image processing such as noise, cropping, blurring, rotation, etc. on the watermarked image. The proposed work is implemented using MATLAB.

Automatic LPG Booking, Leakage Detection And Real Time Gas Measurement Monitoring System

Abstract: A cost-effective, automatic Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) booking, leakage detection and real time gas monitoring system is proposed in this paper. In this system, the LPG leakage is detected through the sensor and information is sent to the user by Short Message Service (SMS) and simultaneously alerts the customer using a GSM module, while activating the alarm and exhaust fan. The additional advantage of the system is that it continuously monitors the level of the LPG present in the cylinder using weight sensor and automatically books the cylinder using a GSM module.

Characterization Study Of Jute And Glass Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composite Material

Abstract: The aim of the present work was to investigate the hybridization of glass fibers with natural fibers for applications in the aerospace and naval industry. Mechanical properties such as tensile, impact and flexural test of hybrid glass/jute fiber reinforced epoxy composites in the forms of lamina and laminates were determined. The lamina prepared with natural fiber mat showed lower mechanical properties compared to laminas with glass mat. For this reason we proposed to use a hybrid design for the various applications which makes use of glass woven fabrics and jute fiber mats. The adoption of this design allowed for a cost reduction of 20% and a weight saving of 23% compared to the current commercial solution. Laminates were fabricated by hand lay-up technique in a mold and cured under light pressure for 1h, followed by curing at room temperature for 48 h. All the laminates were made with a total of 10 plies, by varying the number and position of glass layers so as to obtain six different stacking sequences. One group of all jute laminate was also fabricated for comparison purpose. Total fiber weight fraction was maintained at 42%. Specimen preparation and testing was carried out as per ASTM standards.

Image Enhancement Using Fuzzy Technique

Abstract: Image enhancement means to enrich the perception of images for human viewers. It can reduce impulsive noise, sharpen the edges with the help of different image enhancement techniques. Fuzzy techniques can manage the uncertainty and imperfection of an image which can be represented as a fuzzy set. Fuzzy logic can be used to process human knowledge in the form of fuzzy if-then rules. The accumulation of all these approaches come up to the theory of fuzzy image processing, which is divided into 3 phases: Image fuzzification, membership values modification, and image defuzzification. In most cases, images available are not in fine quality. In this paper an image enhancement technique based on fuzzy logic is discussed and then implemented in MATLAB 7.14.0 (R2012a).