Showing papers by "Sverre E. Kjeldsen published in 1997"

Whole Blood Viscosity, Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Healthy Blood Donors

Abstract: Fossum E, Hoieggen A, Moan A, Nordby G, Velund TL, Kjeldsen SE. Whole blood viscosity, blood pressure and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy blood donors.Whole blood viscosity contributes to the total peripheral resistance and has been suggested to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Whole blood viscosity was measured using a direct technique in 105 healthy blood donors and in addition to establishing our reference values, the relationship to blood pressure and other cardiovascular risk factors was assessed. Whole blood viscosity correlated with systolic blood pressure (r = 0.29, p = 0.003), cholesterol (r = 0.21, p = 0.034), cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio (r = 0.33, p = 0.01), triglycerides (r = 0.37, p 130 mmHg (n = 16) had higher whole blood viscosity (p = 0.017) than those with lower blood pressure. Whole blood viscosity was significantly lower in women (n...

Predictors of 7-year changes in exercise blood pressure : effects of smoking, physical fitness and pulmonary function

Abstract: BackgroundThe health status of 1999 apparently healthy men, aged 40–59 years, was ascertained after 16 years. We found that their systolic blood pressure during an ergometer exercise test added prognostic information beyond that from their blood pressure at rest concerning total cardiovascular morta

Exercise blood pressure predicts cardiovascular death and myocardial infarction.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the exercise systolic blood pressure predicts cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and in particular myocardial infarction beyond that prediction provided by the casual blood pressure at rest and independently of other cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS: We performed an average 16-year follow-up of 1999 middle-aged healthy men. RESULTS: We found that the systolic blood pressure during 6 min on a moderate load during a bicycle ergometer exercise test was a stronger predictor of total cardiovascular mortality and of morbidity and mortality from myocardial infarction than was the blood pressure of the subjects at rest. Furthermore, an early rise in systolic blood pressure during exercise seems to add prognostic information only when the systolic blood pressure of the subject at rest is elevated mildly (>/= 140 mmHg). Subjects whose systolic blood pressure increased to >/= 200 mmHg had a more than twofold greater risk of dying from cardiovascular causes and from myocardial infarction in particular within 16 years than did normotensives and men whose systolic blood pressure was >/= 140 mmHg when they were at rest whose systolic blood pressure did not increase to a similar extent, after we had adjusted for differences in age and a rather large number of traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSION: We suggest that systolic blood pressures recorded during standardized ergometer exercise testing may help one to distinguish between severe and less severe cases of hypertension among middle-aged men.

Seasonal covariation in physical fitness and blood pressure at rest and during exercise in healthy middle-aged men

Abstract: Mundal R, Kjeldsen SE, Sandvik L, Erikssen G, Thaulow E, Erikssen J. Seasonal covariation in physical fitness and blood pressure at rest and during exercise in healthy middle-aged men.It has been suggested that seasonal changes in cardiovascular risk factors may explain simultaneous seasonal variations in cardiovascular diseases. Since systolic blood pressure (SBP) during an ergometer exercise test adds prognostic information beyond that of BP at rest we aimed to study whether SBP during exercise also demonstrates similar seasonal variation after adjustment for covariates. Blood pressures of 1574 apparently healthy men aged 40-59 years examined throughout two consecutive years showed a seasonal variation, with higher SBP during the period September-December compared with the rest of the year, 2.8 mmHg (p = 0.003) at rest and 4.2 mmHg (p < 0.001) during ergometer exercise at 600 kpm min-1. After adjustment for a parallel marked drop in physical fitness, these differences were no longer significant. Thus, t...

Insulin sensitivity relates to other cardiovascular risk factors in young men: validation of some modifications of the hyperinsulinaemic, isoglycaemic glucose clamp technique.

Abstract: Reduced peripheral sensitivity to insulin-stimulated glucose disposal, insulin resistance, is considered to be central in the metabolic cardiovascular syndrome. The hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic glucose clamp technique was introduced by DeFronzo in 1979 and is regarded as the reference method for quantifying insulin resistance in skeletal muscle tissue. Recently, we used this technique in young men to relate insulin resistance (inverse of insulin sensitivity) to a number of established cardiovascular risk factors. The method has undergone numerous modifications since 1979 which have not been extensively validated. Therefore, we now describe the modified hyperinsulinaemic, isoglycaemic glucose clamp procedure performed in our laboratory and validate some of the modifications. Five young/middle-aged men were examined twice in three weeks and then re-examined after 4 years in the same way. The intrasubject day-to-day variability in insulin sensitivity was 5%. The average reduction in insulin sensitivity after 4 years was 21%. The last 60 min of the clamp offered a better basis for calculating glucose disposal rate (GDR) than the last 20 min. The variation in glucose measurements during clamp was 5%. We thus found that our modified isoglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic glucose clamp technique for assessing insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle tissue is accurate and reproducible when performed in young/middle-aged men.