PART ONE: CLEARING THE GROUND PART TWO: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES PART THREE: CONCEPTS OF LANGUAGE PART FOUR: CONCEPTS OF SOCIETY PART FIVE: CONCEPTS OF LANGUAGE LEARNING PART SIX: CONCEPTS OF LANGUAGE TEACHING

语言教学的基本概念 = Fundamental concepts of language teaching

A concise and factual abstract is required (of between 100-200 words). The abstract should state briefly the purpose of the research, the principal results and major conclusions. An abstract is often presented separately from the article, so it must be able to stand alone. For this reason, References should be avoided, but if essential, then cite the author(s) and year(s). Also, non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, but if essential they must be defined at their first mention in the abstract itself. Graphical abstract Although a graphical abstract is optional, its use is encouraged as it draws more attention to the online article. The graphical abstract should summarize the contents of the article in a concise, pictorial form designed to capture the attention of a wide readership. Graphical abstracts should be submitted as a separate file in the online submission system. Image size: Please provide an image with a minimum

English for Specific Purposes

Терминосистема методики преподавания современного английского языка в словаре Джека Ричардса и Ричарда Шмидта "dictionary of language teaching and Applied Linguistics"

Individual differences in second language acquisition

Online learning has become essential in education as the spread of coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought significant changes to the field. However, education should remain welcoming and supportive to all the learners as it is important to keep the students’ behavioural intention in any form of learning environment. Thus, this study is significant as online learning is leading the trend of education now. Past studies revealed that the factors of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions under the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model affect learners’ behavioural intention to use online learning. This study intended to identify the most significant factors that influence TESL postgraduate students’ behavioural intention towards the use of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. It also examined the relationship amongst the four factors and postgraduate students’ behavioural intention to use online learning. The participants consisted of 169 postgraduate students at a public university in Malaysia. To achieve the aim, the study utilized a survey design using a questionnaire. The results from regression analysis revealed that all of the factors have positive effects on postgraduate students’ behavioural intention to use online learning. Meanwhile, performance expectancy has the greatest influence on postgraduate students’ behavioural intention. Hence, this study concludes that the practicality and the usefulness of online learning should be highlighted by the authorities.

Factors Affecting Teaching English as a Second Language (TESL) Postgraduate Students’ Behavioural Intention for Online Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Covid-19 proved a pandemic that has affected the whole world on a large scale. Every walk of life got disturbed by this pandemic. Educational institutions not only in Pakistan but all over the globe remain close, which causes a loss of study for the students of all Grades, notably Higher education (Postgraduate Level), which directly affected education, learners,  and teachers in terms of learning, time, and economically. Virtual Teaching (VT) is proving an emerging method of teaching in the field of education all over the world. Developed countries have opted for this method of teaching much before. In Pakistan, universities under the directions of HEC started Virtual Teaching VT (Online Teaching) for the students, which was an attempt to cover the loss on an experimental basis. This study is conducted to know the impact of VT on ESL students' behavior. For this purpose among 100 students of KFUEIT, RYK University distributed a questionnaire to measure their behavior level. Students' participation was inspiriting, and their response found positive in this new field of Teaching.

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Impact of Virtual Teaching on ESL Learners' Attitudes under Covid-19 Circumstances at Post Graduate Level in Pakistan

English is considered a language of communication as well as language of fashion and status in Pakistan. For last some decades, it is being taught in different institutions to meet specified academic and professional needs of learners. As far as medical profession is concerned, doctors need English language during their academic studies as well as in their professional settings. The study investigated the communicative needs of doctors at academic and professional level in survey based research. The data was collected, analyzed and interpreted quantitatively by administering questionnaire among medical students and doctors. The findings revealed that there is huge gap between the acquired competencies of doctors with their desired level of English proficiency skills. Majority of the respondents stressed upon the need to introduce English language courses and workshops for medical students and doctors respectively, so that they may fulfill their communicative needs in effective way.

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English for Doctors: An ESP Approach to Needs Analysis and Course Design For Medical Students

This present research is about how the linguistic landscape brings about the promotion of language and public awareness. The linguistic landscape is a sociolinguistic phenomenon that is used for the promotion of language and culture as well. Linguistic landscape can be seen everywhere in the society as in advertisement billboards, traffic signboards, public awareness messages on the signboards, buildings, shopping centers, airports, etc. This study covers the dimension of traffic signboards and how they are consciously or unconsciously are promoting the language in Pakistan, especially the Urdu, the National language of Pakistan, English, the international language, the Mandarin, the language of China, and the Sign language. Two hundred and ten traffic signboards are selected for the completion of this research. The data collected from the traffic signboards of the motorways, highways of all the provinces of Pakistan. The purposive sampling technique is used for this study. This study will disclose how traffic signboards are promoting the language written over them, whether written or sing language. The data was analyzed through observation with the pictures of traffic signboards. The present study is qualitative in nature, so the data is analyzed and interpreted in the description form.

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Linguistic Landscape in Promotion of Language Through Traffic Signboards: An Introduction to the Signs in Pakistani Roads and Highways

The subject of the Quran is a man, and all its teaching is to give guidance to human beings on the right path. It is impossible to get real guidance without understanding the message of Allah existing in its rich text. The Quran is the richest and authentic book regarding its style, and it is abundant with rhetorical devices and other forms of language and literature. No book can even compete with the Quran with its choice of words and rhetorical devices. This present study attempts to throw light on some of the rhetorical devices employed in Surah An Naba, the 78th Surah of the Quran of the English translated version by Muhammad Marmaduke Pickthall. This study aims to determine the rhetorical devices used in its English translation, so understand the real and true lessons lying between the texts. For this purpose, the major rhetorical devices as persuasive words. Amplification, hyperbole, simile, metaphor, parallelism, etc. were found. This study is qualitative. A content analysis technique is used to complete the objective of the study. The analysed data and findings are presented in the descriptive form. This study further recommends the researchers to research the other Surah of the Quran as well.

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Rhetorical Analysis of Surah An Naba of the English Translated Version by Muhammad Marmaduke Pickthall

The present study is based on a chapter of the PhD project conducted by the main researcher. It aims to explore the ESL teaching and learning practices in a Pakistani university by focusing on difficulties perceived and confronted by learners and teachers, and solutions suggested by them. One of the most significant issues at the university is large classes-exceeding to 100 and more students on average. The main researcher, being an ESL teacher at the target university, faced the same problem of large size and found it difficult to teach these classes. He embarked on analysing the situation so that he might come across some solutions through the suggestions and experiences of the ESL teachers and students of the same university. The design of the study is descriptive and the results of the present study come from the quantitative data collected through student and teacher questionnaires. The Student-participants were 300 undergraduate students from various major subjects attending English language support classes and 22 ESL teachers teaching these English language support classes at different institutes of the university. The data were analysed descriptively and presented with help of the boxplots. The views, commonly held by teachers are supported by the study’s findings i.e., large classes are likely to endorse teacher-centred approaches of teaching; very little significant student-student and teacher-student interaction is practised because of the inadequate physical environment; majority of learners remain off-task and appear to be unruly and they are given little, if any, feedback on their in-class and home tasks. Conversely, many teachers and learners reported that the adoption of group/pair work is likely to be an effective technique to use in these classes. Albeit a few teachers revealed having adopted group work infrequently, none used it all the time.

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Syed Khuram Shahzad

Papers

Impact of Virtual Teaching on ESL Learners' Attitudes under Covid-19 Circumstances at Post Graduate Level in Pakistan

English for Doctors: An ESP Approach to Needs Analysis and Course Design For Medical Students

Linguistic Landscape in Promotion of Language Through Traffic Signboards: An Introduction to the Signs in Pakistani Roads and Highways

Rhetorical Analysis of Surah An Naba of the English Translated Version by Muhammad Marmaduke Pickthall

Analysing the Situation of ESL Teaching and Learning in Large University Classes in Pakistan