https://www.arxiv.org/pdf/nucl-ex/0501009

Experimental and theoretical challenges in the search for the quark-gluon plasma: The STAR Collaboration's critical assessment of the evidence from RHIC collisions

http://nuclear.korea.ac.kr/~bhong/class/WhitePaper_PHENIX_RUN1-3.pdf

Formation of dense partonic matter in relativistic nucleus–nucleus collisions at RHIC: Experimental evaluation by the PHENIX Collaboration

A golden age for heavy-quarkonium physics dawned a decade ago, initiated by the confluence of exciting advances in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and an explosion of related experimental activity. The early years of this period were chronicled in the Quarkonium Working Group (QWG) CERN Yellow Report (YR) in 2004, which presented a comprehensive review of the status of the field at that time and provided specific recommendations for further progress. However, the broad spectrum of subsequent breakthroughs, surprises, and continuing puzzles could only be partially anticipated. Since the release of the YR, the BESII program concluded only to give birth to BESIII; the B-factories and CLEO-c flourished; quarkonium production and polarization measurements at HERA and the Tevatron matured; and heavy-ion collisions at RHIC have opened a window on the deconfinement regime. All these experiments leave legacies of quality, precision, and unsolved mysteries for quarkonium physics, and therefore beg for continuing investigations at BESIII, the LHC, RHIC, FAIR, the Super Flavor and/or Tau-Charm factories, JLab, the ILC, and beyond. The list of newly found conventional states expanded to include h(c)(1P), chi(c2)(2P), B-c(+), and eta(b)(1S). In addition, the unexpected and still-fascinating X(3872) has been joined by more than a dozen other charmonium- and bottomonium-like "XYZ" states that appear to lie outside the quark model. Many of these still need experimental confirmation. The plethora of new states unleashed a flood of theoretical investigations into new forms of matter such as quark-gluon hybrids, mesonic molecules, and tetraquarks. Measurements of the spectroscopy, decays, production, and in-medium behavior of c (c) over bar, b (b) over bar, and b (c) over bar bound states have been shown to validate some theoretical approaches to QCD and highlight lack of quantitative success for others. Lattice QCD has grown from a tool with computational possibilities to an industrial-strength effort now dependent more on insight and innovation than pure computational power. New effective field theories for the description of quarkonium in different regimes have been developed and brought to a high degree of sophistication, thus enabling precise and solid theoretical predictions. Many expected decays and transitions have either been measured with precision or for the first time, but the confusing patterns of decays, both above and below open-flavor thresholds, endure and have deepened. The intriguing details of quarkonium suppression in heavy-ion collisions that have emerged from RHIC have elevated the importance of separating hot- and cold-nuclear-matter effects in quark-gluon plasma studies. This review systematically addresses all these matters and concludes by prioritizing directions for ongoing and future efforts.

/pdf/heavy-quarkonium-progress-puzzles-and-opportunities-2tru0l8jyp.pdf

Heavy quarkonium: progress, puzzles, and opportunities

http://cds.cern.ch/record/257993/files/9401310.pdf

QCD phenomenology based on a chiral effective Lagrangian

We review the theoretical background, experimental techniques, and phenomenology of what is known in relativistic heavy ion physics as the Glauber model, which is used to calculate geometric quantities. A brief history of the original Glauber model is presented, with emphasis on its development into the purely classical, geometric picture used for present-day data analyses. Distinctions are made between the optical limit and Monte Carlo approaches, which are often used interchangeably but have some essential differences in particular contexts. The methods used by the four RHIC experiments are compared and contrasted, although the end results are reassuringly similar for the various geometric observables. Finally, several important RHIC measurements are highlighted that rely on geometric quantities, estimated from Glauber calculations, to draw insight from experimental observables. The status and future of Glauber modeling in the next generation of heavy ion physics studies is briefly discussed.

/pdf/glauber-modeling-in-high-energy-nuclear-collisions-2ns5ksc64e.pdf

Glauber Modeling in High Energy Nuclear Collisions

https://web2.ph.utexas.edu/~cmarkert/matsui.pdf

$J/\psi$ Suppression by Quark-Gluon Plasma Formation

Being motivated by recent experimental data on YBaCuO, we calculate dc resistivity ρ in the spingap state of charge-spin-separated t-J model by using a massive gauge theory of holons and spinons. The result shows ρ(T ) deviates downward from the T -linear behavior below the spin-gap on-set temperature T ∗ as ρ(T ) ∝ T{1 − c(T ∗ − T )} where the mean field value of d is 1/2. To achieve smooth deviation from the T -linear behavior, one needs d > 1. The deviation becomes reduced with increasing hole doping.

T Matsui

Papers

$J/\psi$ Suppression by Quark-Gluon Plasma Formation

71 21 82 v 1 1 6 D ec 1 99 7 Resistivity in the spin-gap state of the tJ model