This article is objected to present a new fully/electronically controllable voltage-mode Schmitt trigger based on a modified voltage differencing gain amplifier (VDGA). It can offer both counterclockwise (CCW) and clockwise (CW) functions, without changing circuit topology. The proposed Schmitt trigger comprises merely one VDGA and three resistors. The hysteresis and amplitude of the output voltage of proposed Schmitt trigger can be independently controlled by corresponding bias currents of the VDGA. The modified VDGA was designed by a fully balanced differential transconductance technique based on 0.35 µm CMOS transistor technology, providing advantages in high gain, wide range of adjustability and symmetrical output signals. The performances of proposed Schmitt trigger were deeply investigated by not only simulation via PSpice program, but also experimental setup using commercially available integrated circuits. Both results agree well with the theoretical anticipation and are consistent each other. The total power consumption is approximately 1.39 mW at ± 1.5 V power supply. Additionally, to prove the practical use-abilities of the proposed Schmitt trigger, its applications in a voltage-mode relaxation oscillator, a triangular/square wave generator and a pulse width modulator are also included.

A fully/electronically controllable voltage-mode Schmitt trigger based on only single VDGA and its applications

This paper presents electronically tunable Schmitt trigger circuit based on voltage differencing gain amplifier (VDGA). The circuit comprises only 1 VDGA without any passive element. The threshold and output voltage levels of the proposed Schmitt trigger can be independently controlled by corresponding bias currents of the VDGA. The performance verification of proposed Schmitt trigger is depicted by PSpice simulation program with the model parameter 0.35μm CMOS process. The obtained results confirm the theoretical expectation. The total power consumption approximately 0.25mW, at ±1.5V. This proposed Schmitt trigger can further be used in control systems and signal generators.

An Independently/Electronically Controllable Schmitt Trigger Using only Single VDGA

The Current Differencing Transconductance Amplifier (CDTA) is a popular active building block for analog signal processing. Since it is not available as a commercial IC, most of the CDTA applications are verified only via simulations or the CDTA is implemented by commercial circuits. The paper deals with CDTA implementation, emphasizing the accuracy, linearity, and dynamic range of the processed signals, and low power consumption. Such a CDTA can be useful wherever these requirements are more relevant than the speed and bandwidth, typically for implementing hardware emulators of memristive systems.

Precise Implementation of CDTA

A current mode multiplier is a valid structured block in many signal processing operations, such as modulation and demodulation schemes in communications, in development of bio-medical equipments, in analog computations, and fuzzy logic controllers. A single second generation current controlled conveyor (CCCII) based current mode multiplier without passive components is designed. CCCII has the eccentricity of intrinsic resistance in between the two input ports which are tunable by the external bias current. PSPICE simulator is utilized to examine the proposed design. The topology yields a simple structure and highly suitable for monolithic IC fabrication. Simulation results are confirmed with a voltage requirement of ± 2.5 V, the non linearities, total harmonic distortion (THD), and power dissipation are anticipated. Comparison of the proposed design with the existing methods is also performed. The parametric sweep and temperature analysis are also determined. The simulated results very well agree with the theoretical expectancy.

A New Current Mode Multiplier Using Single CCCII Without Passive Components

Z-Copy Current Differencing Buffered Amplifier based Schmitt trigger circuit without passive components

A current mode Schmitt trigger using Current Differencing Transconductance Amplifier (CDTA) is presented in this paper The proposed circuit employs only a single CDTA, without any passive component, that has been suitable for implementation of the IC design The operation of the proposed Schmitt trigger circuit has been observed and enforced at a supply voltage ± 085 V (bias current 32 µA) using Cadence and the model parameters of a gpdk 180 nm CMOS technology The Schmitt trigger circuit in this paper, which is realized using CDTA provides impervious to noise and insensitive to temperature

T. Srivyshnavi

Papers

A current mode Schmitt trigger based on Current Differencing Transconductance Amplifier