Education and Physical Growth Implications of the Study of Children's Growth for Educational Theory and Practice. By Dr. J. M. Tanner. Pp. 144. (London: University of London Press, Ltd., 1961.) 12S. 6d. net.

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Development and Learning

Fitting In, Standing Out: Navigating the Social Challenges of High School to Get an Education:

All higher education institutions are organised on a local level which means that they are under the responsibility of the respective state but with different regulations for public and private institutions. The role of the federal government on primarily confined to student aid and research funding (Eckel 2001, p.106). Significant for the U.S. are high tuition fees compared to Europe and a competition of universities for the best professors, the most intelligent students and, of course, the most generous donors. Thus, there is a cluster of so-called elite-universities with an internationally excellent reputation. This reputation is often claimed for the whole American higher education sector although lots of higher education institutions do not provide high quality education. Furthermore, the U.S. apply accreditation procedures through certain bodies or regional organs of the academic self-administration instead of a nationally organised approval procedure for higher education institutions.

United States of America (U.S.)

Background: Training of athletes for optimal performance would be enhanced in an environment of appropriate data. There is, however, limited data on anthropometric and sport performance characteristics of male soccer players in Ghanaian public universities. This study comparatively presents the distribution of anthropometric and motor performance characteristics of male soccer players among public universities. 
Methods: Male soccer players (n = 44, mean age = 22.61 ±1.87 yrs) from four public universities were recruited. Weight, leg length, thigh girth, calf girth, forearm length, upper arm length, upper arm girth, chest girth, and finger span were measured. The participants were also assessed on a 36.58 m (40 yards) dash, vertical jump, agility, flexibility, sit-ups, push-ups, dribbling, shooting accuracy, and kicking distance. 
Results: There were significant differences in the forearm length (p = 0.001), leg power (p = 0.040), abdominal strength (p = 0.005), agility (p = 0.001), flexibility (p = 0.009), and upper body strength (p = 0.023) among the male soccer players of the universities. All anthropometric characteristics significantly predicted kicking distance (p = 0.002). Thigh girth (p = 0.014), chest girth (p = 0.010) and finger span (p = 0.012) significantly distinctly served as predictors. 
Conclusion: Anthropometric and motor performance characteristics were relatively different among male soccer players in Ghana public universities. University soccer coaches should place major emphasis on individual traits and potentials when developing combined training regimes.

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Anthropometric and motor performance characteristics of male soccer players in public universities

The purpose of this study is to compare physical education teachers working in elementary schools and educators working in verbal, numeric, pre-school and classroom teaching branches in terms of the quality of life. For this purpose, the short version of The World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF) including 27-items was applied to randomly chosen teachers attending the June 2013 seminars and working in elementary schools in Izmit district of Kocaeli province on a voluntary basis. As a conclusion, significant differences were found compare branches. All teachers quality of life significant results were found in the sub scales of mental quality of life in terms of gender, physical quality of life in terms of age, social, cultural and environmental quality of life in terms of economic situation and in total quality of life in terms of participation in an activity, while the quality of life scores did not differ significantly in terms of working year, number of children and marital status.

A Research On The Life Qualities Of Physical Education Teachers And Other Branch Teachers

The purpose of this study was to investigation of the effect of six weeks electrostimulation training on physical changes in the sedentary men and women. Electro muscle stimulation (EMS), which is applied since the discovery of contraction under the influence of electrical currents, on the purpose of rehabilitation and treatment purposes, has attracted the attention of coaches, athletes and sports scientists as a popular training method over time. In the present research, 6 weeks, 3 days a week and for 25 minutes in a day of EMS machine training program was applied to the sedentary women n=12 and sedentary men n=12 . In order to determine effect of EMS machine training on the physical changes which are body mass, % body fat, fat mass, body mass index, total body water, fat free mass, muscle mass, Tanita (SC-300) Body Composition Analyzer was used as a pre-test and post-test. The results of the Tanita body measurements were analyzed by using SPSS computer program, the standard deviations were calculated, and pre- and post-training statistical paired samples T Test analysis were made. According to SPSS analysis results, there are statistically significant increases in the % body fat, fat mass, soft muscle tissues, extracellular and intracellular liquid weights and cell mass weights (p 0.05). Only EMS training has increased the maximum power associated with sports, due to the increase in the speed of movement. In addition, the stronger long-term effects of EMS training provide new opportunities, as determined by the duration of the training. The right application of full-body EMS training with dynamic exercise movements is a promising combination for power and speed training.

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Investigation of the Effect of Six Weeks Electro Muscle Stimulation Training on Physical Changes in the Sedentary Men and Women

The purpose of this study was to compare some parameters of football players playing in 3rd League, BAL (Regional Amateur League) and SAL (Super Amateur League) according to the leagues they play in. Body height, body weight, body mass index, age, age of becoming a registered football player, vertical jump, anaerobic power, shuttle run, aerobic capacity (MaxVO 2 ), leg strength, back strength, right-hand grip strength and left-hand grip strength parameters were measured in this study. ANOVA test, which is one of the parametric tests, were applied for the analysis of the data and significance level of p˂0.05 was sought. In conclusion, significant differences among the leagues were found according to height, vertical jump, anaerobic power, shuttle run, aerobic capacity, leg strength and back strength. However, no significant differences were found on body mass index, age, and age of becoming a registered football player, right-hand grip strength and left-hand grip strength parameters.

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A Comparison of Some Parameters of Football Players According to the Leagues They Play In

The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of participating in the school sports on the school motivation according to selected variables. 1463 secondary school students, 790 of whom were male (54%) and 673 female (46%), participated in the study with an age average of 12,46±1.23 years. The school motivation levels of the students were determined via the "School Motivation Scale for the Secondary School Students", which was developed by Kaynak, Ozhan and Kan (2017), comprising of 14 articles. The data of the study were analyzed through SPSS 15 package program. The school motivation levels of the students were positively influenced from their participation in school teams, in regular physical activities, in school social activity programs, and their attendance levels to the school (p<0.05). In order to increase the school motivation levels of the secondary school students, it was suggested that they should be encouraged to participate in school teams, they should be motivated for physical activities, they should be invited to school social activity programs, and necessary measures should be taken to minimize their absence from the school.

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Examining the Impact of Participating in the School Sports and Selected Variables on School Motivation

Objective of this study is to compare the life quality of the students in the Faculty of Sports Sciences and the Faculty of Education in Akdeniz University for the education year 2017-2018. The sample of the research study was composed of 895 students (448 female, 447 male) from Akdeniz University, Faculty of Sports Sciences and the Faculty of Education. The life qualityes of the studentes were evaluated according to the Turkish brief questionnaire (WOQOL-BREF TR) of WHOQOL life quality scale. WHOQOL life quality scale was developed by WOQOL group. WOQOL-BREF, a shorter form of this test, which involved 100 items, was developed by the same group and it was interpreted into Turkish afterwards, by Fidaner et al. (1999). Originally composed of 26 items, this scale's Turkish version was comprised of 27 items. The data was analyzed via SPSS package program. In order to determine the differences in socio-demographic features of the participant students, one-way variance analysis (ANOVA) was used, and for observing the group differences, Tukey HSD and Independent Sample T Test were used. When the results of the Life Quality Scale of the students were analyzed, it was observed that there was statistically no significant difference in any sub-dimension of the life satisfaction, including the life satisfaction total points.

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Tahir Kılıç

Papers

Investigation of the Effect of Six Weeks Electro Muscle Stimulation Training on Physical Changes in the Sedentary Men and Women

A Comparison of Some Parameters of Football Players According to the Leagues They Play In

Examining the Impact of Participating in the School Sports and Selected Variables on School Motivation

Comparing the Life Quality of the Students in the Faculty of Sports Sciences and the Faculty of Education