Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an essential role in regulating various physiological functions of living organisms. The intrinsic biochemical properties of ROS, which underlie the mechanisms ne...

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Based Nanomedicine.

The fast development of photoactivation for cancer treatment provides an efficient photo-therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment, but traditional photodynamic or photothermal therapy suffers from the critical issue of low in vivo penetration depth of tissues. As a non-invasive therapeutic modality, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) can break the depth barrier of photoactivation because ultrasound has an intrinsically high tissue-penetration performance. Micro/nanoparticles can efficiently augment the SDT efficiency based on nanobiotechnology. The state-of-art of the representative achievements on micro/nanoparticle-enhanced SDT is summarized, and specific functions of micro/nanoparticles for SDT are discussed, from the different viewpoints of ultrasound medicine, material science and nanobiotechnology. Emphasis is put on the relationship of structure/composition-SDT performance of micro/nanoparticle-based sonosensitizers. Three types of micro/nanoparticle-augmented SDT are discussed, including organic and inorganic sonosensitizers and micro/nanoparticle-based but sonosensitizer-free strategies to enhance the SDT outcome. SDT-based synergistic cancer therapy augmented by micro/nanoparticles and their biosafety are also included. Some urgent critical issues and potential developments of micro/nanoparticle-augmented SDT for efficient cancer treatment are addressed. It is highly expected that micro/nanoparticle-augmented SDT will be quickly developed as a new and efficient therapeutic modality which will find practical applications in cancer treatment. At the same time, fundamental disciplines regarding materials science, chemistry, medicine and nanotechnology will be advanced.

Micro/Nanoparticle-Augmented Sonodynamic Therapy (SDT): Breaking the Depth Shallow of Photoactivation.

Ultrasound (US)-triggered sonodynamic therapy (SDT) can solve the critical issue of low tissue-penetrating depth of traditional phototriggered therapies, but the SDT efficacy is still not satisfactorily high in combating cancer at the current stage. Here we report on augmenting the SDT efficacy based on catalytic nanomedicine, which takes the efficient catalytic features of nanoenzymes to modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME). The multifunctional nanosonosensitizers have been successfully constructed by the integration of a MnOx component with biocompatible/biodegradable hollow mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles, followed by conjugation with protoporphyrin (as the sonosensitizer) and cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic pentapeptide (as the targeting peptide). The MnOx component in the composite nanosonosensitizer acts as an inorganic nanoenzyme for converting the tumor-overexpressed hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) molecules into oxygen and enhancing the tumor oxygen level subsequently, which has been demonst...

Nanoenzyme-Augmented Cancer Sonodynamic Therapy by Catalytic Tumor Oxygenation.

Functionalized graphene nanocomposites for enhancing photothermal therapy in tumor treatment

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) can overcome the critical issue of depth-penetration barrier of photo-triggered therapeutic modalities. However, the discovery of sonosensitizers with high sonosensitization efficacy and good stability is still a significant challenge. In this study, the great potential of a metal-organic-framework (MOF)-derived carbon nanostructure that contains porphyrin-like metal centers (PMCS) to act as an excellent sonosensitizer is identified. Excitingly, the superior sonosensitization effect of PMCS is believed to be closely linked to the porphyrin-like macrocycle in MOF-derived nanostructure in comparison to amorphous carbon nanospheres, due to their large highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) gap for high reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The nanoparticle-assisted cavitation process, including the visualized formation of the cavitation bubbles and microjets, is also first captured by high-speed camera. High ROS production in PMCS under ultrasound is validated by electron spin resonance and dye measurement, followed by cellular destruction and high tumor inhibition efficiency (85%). This knowledge is important from the perspective of understanding the structure-dependent SDT enhancement of a MOF-derived carbon nanostructure.

Metal-Organic-Framework-Derived Carbon Nanostructure Augmented Sonodynamic Cancer Therapy.

Recent progress in development of new sonosensitizers for sonodynamic cancer therapy.

Carboxymethyl chitosan-zinc(II) phthalocyanine conjugates: Synthesis, characterization and photodynamic antifungal therapy.

Preparation and antifungal properties of monosubstituted zinc(П) phthalocyanine-chitosan oligosaccharide conjugates and their quaternized derivatives

Alginate-zinc (II) phthalocyanine conjugates: Synthesis, characterization and tumor-associated macrophages-targeted photodynamic therapy.

The invention discloses phthalocyanine-chitosan oligosaccharide conjugates as well as a preparation method and an application thereof, and belongs to the field of drug preparation. The phthalocyanine-chitosan oligosaccharide conjugates are monosubstituted carboxyl zinc phthalocyanine and chitosan oligosaccharide conjugates or quaternization derivatives of the conjugates, and can be applied to photodynamic bacterial resistance, photodynamic cancer resistance, photodynamic diagnosis and photodynamic disinfection. The phthalocyanine-chitosan oligosaccharide conjugates have double functional groups of phthalocyanine and chitosan oligosaccharide or chitosan oligosaccharide quaternary ammonium salt, thereby being capable of realizing a synergistic treatment effect while realizing photodynamic bacterial resistance; meanwhile, chitosan oligosaccharide has excellent water solubility and biocompatibility, accordingly, amphiphilic property and biocompatibility of phthalocyanine can be improved effectively, toxicity of phthalocyanine can be reduced, and clinical application value of phthalocyanine can be increased.

Tang Fengxiang

Papers

Recent progress in development of new sonosensitizers for sonodynamic cancer therapy.

Carboxymethyl chitosan-zinc(II) phthalocyanine conjugates: Synthesis, characterization and photodynamic antifungal therapy.

Preparation and antifungal properties of monosubstituted zinc(П) phthalocyanine-chitosan oligosaccharide conjugates and their quaternized derivatives

Alginate-zinc (II) phthalocyanine conjugates: Synthesis, characterization and tumor-associated macrophages-targeted photodynamic therapy.

Phthalocyanine-chitosan oligosaccharide conjugates as well as preparation method and application thereof