Showing papers by "Thomas H. Jukes published in 1975"
TL;DR: Average amounts of lysine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and alanine are above the levels anticipated from the genetic code, and arginine, serine, leucine, cysteine, proline, and histidine are below such levels.
Abstract: Distribution of amino acids in 68 representative proteins is compared with their distribution among 61 codons of the genetic code. Average amounts of lysine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and alanine are above the levels anticipated from the genetic code, and arginine, serine, leucine, cysteine, proline, and histidine are below such levels. Arginine plus lysine account for 11.0 percent of codons and aspartic acid plus glutamic acid account for 11.3 percent; thus the average charge is roughly neutral.
133 citations
TL;DR: Of the 17 undiscovered single-amino-acid mutations, 15 are transversions that do not produce a change in charge, and among transitions AG interchanges are more common than CU interchanges and AU interchanged are the most infrequent of transversions.
10 citations
TL;DR: The loss of ascorbic-acid-synthesizing ability by human beings could indicate a low requirement, which has enabled the authors' species to spread to regions of the earth where dietary sources of asCorbic acid are poor.
Abstract: Recommended Daily Allowances (US RDA) of the Food and Drug Administration for ascorbic acid are higher than Recommended Dietary Allowances (set by the Food and Nutrition Board) for adults. There is a 6-fold margin between the requirement to prevent scurvy and the US RDA. The high requirement reported for the rhesus monkey may be needed to compensate for oxidative catabolism of ascorbic acid in this species. The rate of production of ascorbic acid, in mammals that synthesize it has been listed as 3-19 g/70 kg per day. If this high rate of synthesis represents the requirement of such animals, mutations that caused a loss of ascorbic-acid-synthesizing ability would be eliminated by natural selection on diets that failed to supply these large quantities. The loss of ascorbic-acid-synthesizing ability by human beings could indicate a low requirement, which has enabled our species to spread to regions of the earth where dietary sources of ascorbic acid are poor.
4 citations
TL;DR: This paper rebuts Penny's challenge to the claim that the evolutionary clock shows nonconstancy of rate in certain lineages, as exemplified by a comparison of the cytochromec of rattlesnake, turtle and birds, and several other vertebrates, including four mammals.
Abstract: We rebut Penny's challenge to our claim that the evolutionary clock shows nonconstancy of rate in certain lineages, as exemplified by a comparison of the cytochromec of rattlesnake, turtle and birds, and several other vertebrates, including four mammals.
1 citations