Statistical shape models for 3D medical image segmentation: a review.

Current medical imaging technologies allow visualization of tissue anatomy in the human body at resolutions ranging from 100 micrometers to 1 millimeter. These technologies are generally not sensitive enough to detect early-stage tissue abnormalities associated with diseases such as cancer and atherosclerosis, which require micrometer-scale resolution. Here, optical coherence tomography was adapted to allow high-speed visualization of tissue in a living animal with a catheter-endoscope 1 millimeter in diameter. This method, referred to as "optical biopsy," was used to obtain cross-sectional images of the rabbit gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts at 10-micrometer resolution.

In Vivo Endoscopic Optical Biopsy with Optical Coherence Tomography

This paper presents a comparison study between 10 automatic and six interactive methods for liver segmentation from contrast-enhanced CT images. It is based on results from the "MICCAI 2007 Grand Challenge" workshop, where 16 teams evaluated their algorithms on a common database. A collection of 20 clinical images with reference segmentations was provided to train and tune algorithms in advance. Participants were also allowed to use additional proprietary training data for that purpose. All teams then had to apply their methods to 10 test datasets and submit the obtained results. Employed algorithms include statistical shape models, atlas registration, level-sets, graph-cuts and rule-based systems. All results were compared to reference segmentations five error measures that highlight different aspects of segmentation accuracy. All measures were combined according to a specific scoring system relating the obtained values to human expert variability. In general, interactive methods reached higher average scores than automatic approaches and featured a better consistency of segmentation quality. However, the best automatic methods (mainly based on statistical shape models with some additional free deformation) could compete well on the majority of test images. The study provides an insight in performance of different segmentation approaches under real-world conditions and highlights achievements and limitations of current image analysis techniques.

Comparison and Evaluation of Methods for Liver Segmentation From CT Datasets

Computerized Image Registration approaches can offer automatic and accurate image alignments without extensive user involvement and provide tools for visualizing combined images. The aim of this survey is to present a review of publications related to Medical Image Registration. This paper paints a comprehensive picture of image registration methods and their applications. This paper is an introduction for those new to the ﬁeld, an overview for those working in the ﬁeld and a reference for those searching for literature on a speciﬁc application. Methods are classiﬁed according to the diﬀerent aspects of Medical Image Registration.

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Survey of Medical Image Registration

The software system Amira has been designed to close the gap among the ease of use, power, interactivity of monolithic special-purpose software, and the flexibility and extensibility of data-flow-oriented visualization environments. One major focus of the software is the visualization and analysis of volumetric data, which is common in medicine, biology, and microscopy. With Amira, volumes can be displayed and segmented, 3D polygonal models can be reconstructed, and these models can be further processed and converted into tetrahedral volume grids. Due to its flexible design, Amira can also perform many other tasks, including finite-element postprocessing, flow visualization, and visualization of molecules. This chapter discusses the fundamental concepts, techniques, and features of Amira.

Amira: A highly interactive system for visual data analysis

Die chirurgische Entfernung von Tumoren aus dem Beckenknochen erfordert oft die Implantation einer fur die individuelle Beckengeometrie angepassten Prothese, um den fehlenden Knochenanteil zu ersetzen. Die computergestutzte Planung einer solchen Prothese ermoglicht zum einen eine Beschleunigung der Prothesenkonstruktion und ist zum anderen eine wichtige Voraussetzung fur die prazise operative Umsetzung mittels eines Navigationssystems. Es wird ein Verfahren prasentiert, mit dem anatomische Landmarken und Kontaktflachen von Prothesen von einem statistischen Formmodell auf die individuelle Beckengeometrie ubertragen werden konnen. An die gewunschte Kontaktflache wird dann automatisch die Form der Prothese adaptiert.

Computerunterstützte Prothesenkonstruktion mittels statistischen Formmodells bei Beckenresektionen

Ein System für die 3D-Ultraschall-basierte intraoperative Navigation in der Viszeralchirurgie

The qualitative and quantitative comparison of pre- and postoperative image data is an important possibility to validate computer assisted surgical procedures. Due to deformations after surgery a non-rigid registration scheme is a prerequisite for a precise comparison. Interactive landmark-based schemes are a suitable approach. Incorporation of a priori knowledge about the anatomical structures to be registered may help to reduce interaction time and improve accuracy. Concerning pre- and postoperative CT data of oncological liver resections the intrahepatic vessels are suitable anatomical structures. In addition to using landmarks at vessel branchings, we here introduce quasi landmarks at vessel segments with anisotropic localization precision. An experimental comparison of interpolating thin-plate splines (TPS) and Gaussian elastic body splines (GEBS) as well as approximating GEBS on both types of landmarks is performed.

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Landmark-based 3D elastic registration of pre- and postoperative liver CT data: An experimental comparison

Segmentierungsverfahren, die auf statistischen Formmodellen basieren, sind erfolgsversprechend fur automatische und robuste Segmentierung medizinischer Bilddaten In dieser Arbeit wird ein Softwarepaket vorgestellt, in dem die Erzeugung statistischer Modelle, deren Anwendung zur Segmentierung unterschiedlicher Bildmodalitaten und Evaluationsmethoden integriert sind

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Thomas Lange

Papers

Computerunterstützte Prothesenkonstruktion mittels statistischen Formmodells bei Beckenresektionen

Ein System für die 3D-Ultraschall-basierte intraoperative Navigation in der Viszeralchirurgie

Landmark-based 3D elastic registration of pre- and postoperative liver CT data: An experimental comparison

Ein Softwarepaket für die modellbasierte Segmentierung anatomischer Strukturen

Kapitel 40 – Navigation in der offenen Leberchirurgie