Perspectives for flood risk assessment and management for mega-city metro system

A GIS-based evaluation method of underground space resources for urban spatial planning: Part 1 methodology

Monetary valuation of urban underground space: A critical issue for the decision-making of urban underground space development

Present status and development trends of underground space in Chinese cities: Evaluation and analysis

https://research.birmingham.ac.uk/portal/files/59061745/20181028_UUS_review_Resubmission_final.pdf

Systems approaches to urban underground space planning and management – A review

Advances in master planning of urban underground space (UUS) in China

This paper aims to provide data support for rural sustainable development through analyzing the spatio-temporal characteristics of the interactions of the outdoor thermal environment. The ordinary and representative rural settlements in the Guanzhong area were selected to analyze the dynamic process of the rural thermal environment through field measurements and numerical simulations. RMSE (root mean square error) and MAPE (mean absolute percentage) were used to verify the numerical simulation model, and physiological equivalent temperature (PET) was used to evaluate the outdoor thermal environment. Results show that the ENVI-met model reliably predicts the thermal environment of a rural settlement, as the air temperature and relative humidity values range of the RMSE and MAPE were 0.85–1.79 and 2.04–5.11%, respectively. Moreover, the air temperature rose by 3.08% and relative humidity dropped by 4.42% from 2003 to 2018 as the amount of artificial surfaces increased by 35.4% and the PET index gradually increased by 27.43% at daytime and 34.03% at nighttime. Furthermore, trees could improve the outdoor thermal environment significantly, mainly because the average air temperature decreased by 3.6% and relative humidity increased by 8%, and the PET index decreased by 12.4% and 13.1%, respectively, for daytime and nighttime. This case study is representative of rural settlements in the Guanzhong plain, and thus is an appeal to rural planners to pay attention to the thermal environment issues caused by increased artificial underlay surfaces and to focus on trees in rural areas.

/pdf/architectural-simulations-on-spatio-temporal-changes-of-1z9jhpiz.pdf

Architectural Simulations on Spatio-Temporal Changes of Settlement Outdoor Thermal Environment in Guanzhong Area, China

China has the largest number of villages in the world, and research on rural microclimate will contribute to global climate knowledge. A three-by-three grid method was developed to explore village microclimates through field measurement and ENVI-met simulation. A regression model was used to explore the mechanistic relationship between microclimate and spatial morphology, and predicted mean vote (PMV) was selected to evaluate outdoor thermal comfort. The results showed that ENVI-met was able to evaluate village microclimate, as Pearson’s correlation coefficient was greater than 0.8 and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) was from 2.16% to 3.79%. Moreover, the air temperature of west–east road was slightly higher than that of south–north, especially in the morning. The height-to-width ratio (H/W) was the most significant factor to affect air temperature compared to percentage of building coverage (PBC) and wind speed. In addition, H/W and air temperature had a relatively strong negative correlation when H/W was between 0.52 and 0.93. PMV indicated that the downwind edge area of prevailing wind in villages was relatively comfortable. This study provides data support and a reference for optimizing village land use, mediating the living environment, and promoting rural revitalization.

https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/14/8310/pdf?version=1657538648

Supporting Design to Develop Rural Revitalization through Investigating Village Microclimate Environments: A Case Study of Typical Villages in Northwest China

Tian-Qing Wang

Papers

Advances in master planning of urban underground space (UUS) in China

Architectural Simulations on Spatio-Temporal Changes of Settlement Outdoor Thermal Environment in Guanzhong Area, China

Supporting Design to Develop Rural Revitalization through Investigating Village Microclimate Environments: A Case Study of Typical Villages in Northwest China