The assessment of noise pollution caused by emissions from power generating sets in Nnewi, a fast-growing town in Anambra State of Nigeria is presented in this paper. Some areas were randomly selected from the four quarters (i.e. Otolo, Umudim, Nnewichi and Uruagu) of Nnewi North Local Government Area. Noise level readings were collected for three (3) days, i.e. Monday, Friday and Saturday, during noon (11 am – 1 pm) and evening periods (7 pm – 8 pm) over a space of three months. BAFX Digital Sound Level Meter was used to collect the noise data, whereas the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS-22) was used to analyze the data obtained, using One-Sample T-Test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test. Results obtained showed that there existed no significant difference between the mean noise levels of the study area and the NESREA standard. However, the mean of noise level readings for noon time (i.e. 53.31 ± 4.68 dBA) were found to be significantly different and less than the mean of noise level readings obtained during the evening period (i.e. 73.82 ± 5.83dBA). The study revealed that evening hours in the study area Original Research Article Onwuka et al.; JSRR, 16(3): 1-12, 2017; Article no.JSRR.36092 2 are generally noisier than the standard limit for noise. In view of the rapidity of urbanization and increasing population in the area, it therefore calls for urgent steps by the government and also environmental managers, to enact policies to enlighten the populace on the need for the adoption of noise-proof (power) generating sets, retrofitted and energy-efficient building strategies such as the use of solar energy and other more environmentally friendly options that will enhance urban

https://oer.kogistateuniversity.edu.ng/read/assessment-of-noise-pollution-from-power-generating-sets-a-case-study-of-nnewi-north-lga-nigeria/file.pdf

Assessment of Noise Pollution from Power Generating Sets: A Case Study of Nnewi-North L.G.A, Nigeria | Kogi State University Open Education Resources (OER)

The importance of physical and nonphysical architectural design values made architectural designers need good experience to be experts of architectural values reasonably without neglecting any value in the design process.  The importance of such values made that ignoring any values and mistakes occurs in the design process. Simultaneously, architectural designers' different nature and the difference in their experiences are causing different understandings of the design values, thus causing architectural mistakes. The research problem appears from the randomly propagating of mistakes in contemporary architecture, which is about to become a phenomenon in Al Sulaymaniyah city. The research aims to find the main reasons and influences of making architectural mistakes and propagating such mistakes in the contemporary architectural design depending on randomly selected samples. The study took the factor of "Architectural Designers' Experience" as an influential factor in avoiding the propagation of architectural mistakes. To see architectural mistakes in real existing cases, the research took some of the different types of residential buildings in Al Sulaymaniyah city designed during (2000-2010) as case study to show architects' architectural mistakes in residential buildings

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Measurable Mistakes in Architecture the Effect of Designer's Experience on the Propagation of Mistakes in Architectural Design - Residential Buildings in Al Sulaymaniyah City as a Case Study

Grinding machines is one of the outcomes of the agricultural sector work process mechanization aimed at reducing tedium and drudgery on the workers and improving overall productivity and production. However, the machinery drive component and mechanical energy are associated with noise and vibration, thereby inducing safety and health concerns for the operators. This study assessed and compared the vibro-acoustic characteristics caused by three different types of grinding machines; electric motor (3HP220V2800HD), diesel (R175A) and petrol (GX160) power drive engines used in grinding shops located in Wadata, Makurdi Local Government Area of Benue State in association with the risk factors to the work environment. The instrumentation design for the grinding machine operations vibro-acoustic characterization was a sound level meter (S844+), a vibrometer (VM-6360), a digital stopwatch (PC-396) and retractable measuring tape (B300-AG). The noise measurements were made at an average seating height of 1.5 m in the operator’s work position and the vibrations on the seat surface of the operator. The data obtained were analysed for noise and vibration occupational risk exposure following the ISO 9612 for acoustics guidelines and ISO 2372 for mechanical vibration and shock. The average mean values for the noise level and vibrations were statistically highest when the diesel power drive engine, followed by the petrol engine, while the electric motor had the least vibro-acoustic effect. In addition, the analysis of the variance test showed that the result obtained for the vibration and noise levels for the three categories of power source drive had p-values less than 0.05, indicating that they are significantly different from zero at a confidence level of 95%. The findings of this study mandated that all operators of the machinery under investigation wear personal protective equipment (PPE).

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Vibro-acoustic assessment of grain grinding machine for health risk factors analysis

Loud noise can be extremely harmful to the auditory system as well as to human health. Noise pollution is primarily caused by traffic noise. The study's goal was to determine how various vehicle types and speeds affected the amount of noise generated by traffic. The two factors were investigated at seven different arterial streets throughout Kirkuk city to measure the noise levels. The measurements were performed during peak hours to compare the result with WHO standards for noise specification. Traffic volume and vehicle speed are shown to be the key elements that determine an increase in noise level. 

Traffic Noise in Arterial Streets: Case of Kirkuk City

Roads irrespective of the type have specific standard horizontal distance measured at 90 degrees from a lot boundary to a development known as a setback. Non-observance of the recommended setbacks accommodated in any urban center’s master plan creates noise hazard to the public health and safety as the movement of vehicular traffic is not without the attendant noise. This study assessed noise intrusion level in shops along a section of Ibadan-Abeokuta road with due consideration to compliance with the recommended building structure setback. Analysis of noise descriptors evaluated in this study gave A-weighted equivalent sound pressure level average of 91.3 dBA, the daytime average sound level (LD) 92.27 dBA, traffic noise index (TNI) 41.63 dBA, the noise pollution level (LNP) 85.91 dBA and noise climate (NC) 5.38 dBA. Correlation analysis between the observed setbacks and the noise levels gave an “r” value of -.496 significant at p < .05. The paired t-test analysis showed a mean ± SD difference of 15.90 ± 7.08, and t-value of 32.99, corresponding to a two-tailed p < .05 with 215 degrees of freedom. This implies that there was a significant statistical difference between the noise levels measured at the observed and recommended setbacks

/pdf/assessment-of-observed-building-structure-setback-of-shops-3ijya6ahf6.pdf

Assessment of Observed Building Structure Setback of Shops along an Arterial Road and Noise Intrusion Level

This study investigated the intrusion level of industrial noise from five factories in 40 surrounding residences in Anambra state, Nigeria as an effect of settlement pattern and land use planning. Three categories of measurements were considered: engagement of electric power generators, job operation dependency on the national on-grid connection – Power Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN), and off-work hours. All measurements were conducted in compliance with the Nigerian Environmental Standards and Regulation Enforcement Agency using a digital sound level meter. A-weighted equivalent sound pressure level (LAeq) for the measured noise levels at each assessed residence was evaluated. The result showed the following LAeq value ranges: 63.2 - 78.7 dBA for factory operations during generator use; 44.5 - 62.9 dBA for PHCN use; and 41.1 - 59.7 dBA for off-work hours. Based on the recommendations from the World Health Organization and the US Department of Housing and Urban Development for acceptable noise levels in residential areas, the analysis of the data showed that significant unacceptable noise levels were present only during generator use, leading to issues of temporal hearing impairment and moderate to serious levels of annoyance. The multiple independent t-tests analyses of the LAeq categories disclosed p < 0.05 – significant in all cases. This study concluded that clustered and intermixed development of the residences and industries in the same area can create significant noise hazards for the residential areas.

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Tochukwu Canice Mezue

Papers

Assessment of Observed Building Structure Setback of Shops along an Arterial Road and Noise Intrusion Level

Experimental Investigation of Industrial Noise Intrusion in the Residential Areas as an Effect of Settlement Pattern and Land Use Planning