Disclosed are: a liquid crystal composition, which satisfies at least one property selected from a high upper-limit temperature in a nematic phase, a low lower-limit temperature in a nematic phase, a low viscosity, high optical anisotropy, high dielectric anisotropy, a high specific resistivity, high stability to ultraviolet ray, high stability to heat and the like, or which has an adequate balance between at least two properties selected from the above-mentioned properties; and an AM element having a short response time, a high voltage holding ratio, a high contrast ratio, a long service life and the like. Specifically disclosed are: a liquid crystal composition which comprises a specific pentacyclic compound having high optical anisotropy and high dielectric anisotropy as the first component, a specific compound having a low viscosity as the second component, and a specific tetracyclic compound having a high upper-limit temperature as the third component, and which has a nematic phase; and a liquid crystal display element comprising the composition.

Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display element

To achieve clear image display without providing a feeling of roughness by fixing the position where disclination is generated in a liquid crystal device of a homeotropic alignment type, a conductive light shielding film provided on the side of an opposed substrate as a common electrode to drive a liquid crystal layer by pixel electrodes of an array substrate and the light shielding film of the opposed substrate.

Liquid crystal device and electronic equipment

A liquid crystal device comprising: a pair of substrates having an electrode arrangement thereon; an orientation control means provided on at least one of said substrates; and a ferroelectric or antiferroelectric liquid crystal layer interposed between said substrates, said liquid crystal layer being uniaxially oriented by virtue of said orientation control means, wherein means for suppressing an orientation control effect of said orientation control means with respect to said liquid crystal layer is provided between said liquid crystal layer and said orientation control means.

Liquid-crystal electro-optical apparatus and method of manufacturing the same

An active matrix liquid crystal electrooptical device consuming only a small amount of electric power without producing flicker The electrooptical device comprises a plurality of pixels arranged in rows and columns Each pixel has a switching element Scanning lines for turning on and off the switching elements and signal lines to which display signals are produced are connected with the pixels The device further includes plural signal line driver circuits Each driver circuit produces a display signal to the corresponding signal line Each display signal exhibits one polarity during one frame period The polarity of the display signal produced by at least one of the driver circuits is different from the polarity of the display signal produced by the other driver circuit The polarity is inverted every frame The signal lines connected with any one of the driver circuits are connected with the pixels which are, in turn, connected with one of the scanning lines

Liquid crystal electrooptical device

The object of the present invention is to provide an optical recording medium which includes a substrate, a first information layer and a second information layer, the first information layer and the second information layer are disposed on the substrate through an intermediate layer in a laminar structure; recording and reproducing is performed on each of the two information layers by laser beam irradiation from the first information layer side; the second information layer is provided with at least a reflective layer, a dielectric layer, and a second dye recording layer formed in this order; and the dielectric layer is formed from any one of materials selected from the group consisting of oxides, nitrides, sulfides, carbides or mixtures thereof from any one of elements which are not same as metal elements and semi-metal elements used for forming the reflective layer.

Optical Recording Medium

PURPOSE:To provide the high sensitivity and to reduce a production cost by using the film of a high-polymer liquid crystal which is immobilized in structure and has the cholesteric phase in such a manner that the wavelengths of recording and reproducing light are included in the selective reflection wavelength region thereof is used as a reflecting layer in tight contact with a recording layer consisting of a high- polymer liquid crystal having a glass transition point. CONSTITUTION:The recording layer 1 consisting of the high-polymer liquid crystal having the glass transition point is laminated on the reflecting layer 2 consisting of the high-polymer liquid crystal (cholesteric high-polymer liquid crystal) having the cholesteric phase and protective layers 3, 3 are respectively provided on the recording layer 1 and the reflecting layer 2. The recording medium is so constituted that the relation between the isotropic phase transition temp. Tcl of the of the recording layer 1 and the glass transition point Tg of the cholesteric high-polymer liquid crystal of the reflecting layer 2 is Tg>Tcl and the wavelengths of the recording and reproducing light 8 are included in the wavelength region of the selective reflection of the immobilized choresteric high-polymer liquid crystal of the reflecting layer 2. The inexpensive optical recording medium which has the high sensitivity and does not require so much production cost is obtd. in this way.

Optical recording medium

PURPOSE:To provide a reactive liquid crystal compound excellent in the film- forming property, permitting to produce liquid crystal elements good in responding properties and having large areas, and capable of giving optoelectric thin films excellent in optical characteristics. CONSTITUTION:A compound of formula I (R is H, alkyl, halogen; U, V, W, X, Y are single bond, -O-, -OCO-, -COO-; (a) is 0, 1; (b), (f) are 0-15; (c), (d), (e) are 0-2), e.g. a compound of formula II. The exemplified compound of formula II is obtained by reacting 6-chloro-hexanol with p-hydroxybenzoic acid and subsequently with acrylic acid and then reacting the produced p-(6- acryloyloxyhexyloxy)benzoic acid with 2,3-dicyano-p-hydroquinone. The compound of formula I and a reactive liquid crystal compound having a polymerizable functional group, e.g. a compound of formula III, are radical- or ionic-copolymerized to provide a polymeric liquid crystal compound.

Reactive liquid crystal compound, polymeric liquid crystal compound, liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal element

PURPOSE: To improve a recording speed, to make the device into mass storage and to easily address to an arbitrary position by detecting and compensating defocusing when reference light and recording light, both of which are obtained by means of separating light flux from a laser, are converged in a recording means. CONSTITUTION: When reflected scattered light 119a is made incident on a four division photodetector 124b and a focusing position is shifted, it becomes oblong and the output of the detector 124b does not become mean. Thus, a difference with a focusing state is detected. The detected difference is amplification- processed in a focus detection device 127 (125), and a control signal is generated from a focus control lens driving control signal generation device 128a (126). Thus, a focus control lens driving device 128b (106) is controlled and focusing is attained on a recording medium 114 by moving a condenser lens 129 (mirror 105). Consequently, the diameter of a recording part 116 can be reduced, and laser light can accurately be held in a track part. Thus, recording can be speed ed up and addressing to the arbitrary position is facilitated, whereby the device can be made into mass storage. COPYRIGHT: (C)1991,JPO&Japio

Information recording and reproducing device

PURPOSE: To obtain a high-mol.-wt. side chain liq. crystalline copolymer which has optically active groups in the side chains and enables the production of a large scope and improvement in response characteristics when used as a material for optoelectronic and optical apparatus by forming the copolymer from two specific repeating units. CONSTITUTION: The title copolymer comprises repeating units of formula I and II. In formula I, U is a polymer backbone; V is a group of formula III, etc., provided that the hydrogen atoms may be replaced by alkyl groups, etc.; m is an integer of 0-30; W is a single bond, -O-, etc.; X is a mesogen wherein at least two rings selected from the group consisting of a (substd.) homoarom. ring, a (substd.) heteroarom. ring, and a (substd.) aliph. ring are combined by a single bond, -O-, etc.; Y is -OCO-, etc.; *denotes an asymmetric carbon atom; and Z is -R 2 (R 2 is H or alkyl), etc. In formula II, U' is a polymer backbone; V' is a group of formula IV (wherein m' is an integer of 0-30), etc.; W' is a single bond, etc.; X' is a mesogen; Y' is a single bond, -O-, etc.; Z' is (substd.) alkyl; and * denotes an asymmetric carbon atom. COPYRIGHT: (C)1992,JPO&Japio

Optically active high-molecular-weight liquid crystalline copolymer, composition containing same, and high-molecullar-weight liquid crystal element prepared from them

PURPOSE: To obtain a component with a desired molecular weight efficiently by purifying a high-molecular liquid crystal by re-precipitation with a solvent for dissolving a high-molecular liquid crystal and a solvent for re-precipitating the liquid crystal, of which the solubility parameter is different from that of the solvent for dissolving. CONSTITUTION: A high-molecular liquid crystal is dissolved in a solvent (solvent A) with a solubility parameter (δA: unit [cal/cm 2 ] 1/2 ). The resulting solution is poured into a solvent (solvent B 1 ) with a solubility parameter (δB 1 ) to allow the crystal to be re-precipitated. Then, as solid matter that has been filtered out is dissolved in solvent A, and the resulting solution is poured into a solvent (B 2 ) with a solubility parameter(δB 2 ). The same procedure is repeated prescribed times to purify the liquid crystal. The solvents used therefor must satisfy the relationship represented by formula I. However, according to the molecular weight of the high-molecular liquid crystal or the content of a low-molecular substance, the same solvent can be used for the re-precipitation a plurality of times in such a manner that the solvent (b 1 ) is used twice and then solvent (B 2 ) is used. It is also possible to use solvent which can satisfy the relationship separated by formula II or III. COPYRIGHT: (C)1992,JPO&Japio

Toshida Yoshi

Papers

Optical recording medium

Reactive liquid crystal compound, polymeric liquid crystal compound, liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal element

Information recording and reproducing device

Optically active high-molecular-weight liquid crystalline copolymer, composition containing same, and high-molecullar-weight liquid crystal element prepared from them

Purification of high-molecular liquid crystal