Uncertainties and dynamic problems of bolted joints and other fasteners

This paper describes the establishment of an evaluation method for metal surface texture. The evaluation parameters used for surface texture were roughness, glossiness and color. Seven sample materials were studied: aluminum alloys (A2017, A5052), stainless steel (SUS304) and copper alloys (tough pitch copper C 1100, brass C2801, phosphor bronze C5191 and nickel silver C7541). The surfaces of all specimens were polished using waterproof abrasive papers. The correlation of the surface texture parameters for all specimens was investigated experimentally. The surface roughness of specimens was evaluated using the arithmetical mean roughness "Ra". The method for evaluating surface color was assessed by using CIELAB color space. The CIELAB color space is one of a uniform color space defined by CIE (Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage) in 1976. The results indicated that as surface roughness value "Ra" decreased, as the glossiness value "Gs(60°)" increased exponentially. The lightness value "L*" of the CIELAB color space decreased, as surface roughness value "Ra" decreased. Thus, the relationship between the lightness value "L*" and surface roughness value "Ra" showed an inverse correlation with the glossiness value "Gs(60°)" and surface roughness value "Ra". Moreover, the surface color showed that the blue hue increased, as the surface roughness value "Ra" decreased for all seven types of materials.

https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/matertrans/45/4/45_4_1027/_pdf

Experimental relationships between surface roughness, glossiness and color of chromatic colored metals

This paper gives a bibliographical review of the finite element methods (FEMs) applied to the analysis and simulation of adhesive bonding, soldering and brazing processes. The bibliography at the end of the paper contains references to papers, conference proceedings and theses/dissertations on the subjects that were published in 1976 - 1996. The following topics are included: adhesive bonding - stress analysis of adhesive bonding in general, stress analysis and design of specific bonded joints, fracture mechanics and fatigue analysis, destructive and nondestructive evaluation of bonds, other topics; soldering - thermal stresses and deformation analysis of solder joints, fracture mechanics aspects and fatigue analysis of solder joints, solder joint reliability; and brazing - finite element analysis and simulation.

https://www.giref.ulaval.ca/~deteix/bois/documents_references/article10.pdf

Finite element analysis and simulation of adhesive bonding, soldering and brazing: A bibliography (1976 - 1996)

Analysis and design of adhesive-bonded tee joints

Strength of adhesively bonded scarf joints between glass fibre-reinforced plastics and metals

An impact test equipment was developed. This equipment is able to produce comparatively low load rate of impact. The impact strength of the acrylic adhesive under low temperature was measured using the developed impact test equipment. By using aluminum alloy as adherend, the equipment can measure the impact strength of acrylic adhesive. The tensile strength of the adhesive under various load rate and low temperature were measured. Conventional equipments were also used for these tests. Relations between the load rate, the test temperature and the tensile strength of adhesive were investigated. As an experimental result, at any case of load rate the tensile strength of the acrylic adhesive increased once with temperature decrease. However, when the temperature decreased lower than a specific value, the strength of the adhesive decreased. The temperature that the strength of the adhesive becomes maximum rises with the increase of the load rate. The change of strength of the acrylic adhesive is influenced by the viscosity of the adhesive itself.

Toshio Sugibayashi

Papers

Evaluation of temperature and load rate dependence for strength of an acrylic adhesive resin in aluminum alloy joints