The cold rolling texture of low and extra low carbon steels is primarily made up of a nearly perfect normal direction (ND) fibre and of two other components, centred at 001 and 112 , which...

Cold rolling and annealing textures in low carbon and extra low carbon steels

Texture evolution during static recrystallization of cold-rolled magnesium alloys

Microstructure and crystallographic texture of an ultrafine grained C-Mn steel and their evolution during warm deformation and annealing

Theory of orientation gradients in plastically strained crystals

In order to improve the formability of ferritic stainless steel (FSS) sheets, the crystallographic texture of the sheets was modified by way of an intermediate annealing (IA) during the cold rolling. In the as-received hot band pronounced through-thickness texture gradients with a strong rotated cube orientation in the sheet center layer were observed. This strong initial texture has an impact on the texture and the resulting properties, including the undesired appearance of ridging, in the final recrystallized sheet. Instead of forming the {111}//ND γ-fiber texture typical of recrystallized low-carbon steel sheets, the recrystallization texture was notably shifted towards {334}〈4 8 3〉. Introduction of an intermediate anneal during the cold rolling led to a weaker, more typical bcc rolling texture with less pronounced texture gradients. Accordingly, recrystallization gave rise to the characteristic γ-fiber texture. The evolution of the different rolling textures is interpreted by means of texture simulations based on the Taylor deformation theory. The recrystallization textures are explained in terms of a preferred nucleation of recrystallization at the preexisting grain boundaries and a subsequent growth selection. The improvement in sheet formability through the IA is demonstrated by means of analysis of the R-values. Ridging is assessed through surface profile measurements.

Effect of intermediate annealing on texture, formability and ridging of 17%Cr ferritic stainless steel sheet

The effect of carbon in different states of dispersion has been examined in relation to its effect on the texture formed during the annealing of cold-rolled steel sheet. Quantitative texture analyses using orientation distribution functions have been combined with detailed metallographic investigation of changes taking place during recrystallization. Calculations have also been carried out on the rate of dissolution of carbon from cementite particles for a range of relevant conditions. Dissolved carbon present before cold rolling greatly reduces the final annealed {111} texture strength and leads instead to a spread around the Goss orientation. Dissolved carbon present with manganese during annealing also reduces the final {111} intensity, tending to replace it with a number of relatively weak minor components; this is observed during conditions of slow heating, or when primary carbide particles are numerous, and seems to be associated with a significant nucleation rate of new grains during the la...

U. von Schlippenbach

Papers

Investigation of structure and texture development during annealing of low-carbon steel